1,721,146 research outputs found
Branched-chain amino acids: The best compromise to achieve anabolism?
No full textPurpose of review: The anorexia-cachexia syndrome is highly prevalent in patients suffering from acute and chronic diseases, including cancer, chronic renal failure and liver cirrhosis. Once it has developed, it significantly influences the clinical course of the underlying disease, simultaneously impinging on patients' quality of life. Unfortunately, currently available therapeutic strategies do not appear to greatly impact on patients' morbidity, mortality and quality of life. More effective therapies are needed to promote appetite and food intake, to preserve lean body mass, and to ameliorate patients' psychological distress. Recent findings: Branched-chain amino acids are neutral amino acids with interesting and clinically relevant metabolic effects. Their potential role as antianorexia and anticachexia agents was proposed many years ago, but only recent experimental studies and clinical trials have tested their ability to stimulate food intake and counteract muscle wasting in anorectic, weight-losing patients. By interfering with brain serotonergic activity and by inhibiting the overexpression of critical muscular proteolytic pathways, branched-chain amino acids have been shown to induce beneficial metabolic and clinical effects under different pathological conditions. Summary: Based on the available data, branched-chain amino acids appear to exert significant antianorectic and anticachectic effects, and their supplementation may represent a viable intervention not only for patients suffering from chronic diseases, but also for those individuals at risk of sarcopenia due to age, immobility or prolonged bed rest, including trauma, orthopedic or neurologic patients. © 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
糖尿病モデルマウスの認知機能低下における脳内fractalkine-CX3CR1シグナルの関与
Full text link鹿児島大学博士(医学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Science博士論文全文, 博士論文要旨, 最終試験結果の要旨, 論文審査の要旨The part of this thesis is originally based on:
1. Namiko Kawamura, Goro Katsuura, Nobuko Yamada-Goto, Ela Novianti, Akio Inui, Akihiro Asakawa
Reduced brain fractalkine-CX3CR1 signaling is involved in the impaired cognition of streptozotocin-treated mice
IBRO Reports 2020, 9 Pages 233-240
DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.09.002
2. Namiko Kawamura, Goro Katsuura, Nobuko Yamada-Goto, Ela Novianti, Akio Inui, Akihiro Asakawa
Impaired brain fractalkine-CX3CR1 signaling is implicated in cognitive dysfunction in diet-induced obese mice
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 2021, 9(1) p.63-72
doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001492doctoral thesi
Obestatin, acyl ghrelin, and des-acyl ghrelin responses to an oral glucose tolerance test in the restricting type of anorexia nervosa
No full textBackground: Obestatin is a recently identified peptide encoded by the same ghrelin gene. It has been reported that obestatin has anorexigenic and antigastroprokinetic activities as opposed toghrelin. We investigated simultaneously obestatin, acyl ghrelin,and des-acyl ghrelin in the restricting type of anorexia nervosa (AN-R) patients. Methods: Three hormonal responses to the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured in 10 AN-R patients and 10 healthy women. Results: Plasma obestatin, acyl ghrelin, and des-acyl ghrelin levels were significantly higher in AN-R patients than in control subjects throughout the OGTT. All of the three hormones decreased after the OGTT in both groups. Conclusions: We found that AN-R patients exhibited increased plasma levels of obestatin, acyl ghirelin, and des-acyl ghrelin throughout the OGTT compared with control subjects. The hormonal differences between groups are statistically most significant in obestatin, suggesting obestatin may serve as a marker reflecting both acute and chronic changes of the nutritional state in AN-R patients
Involvement of brain fractalkine-CX3CR1 signaling in cognitive deficiency of diabetic mice
No full text博士論文全文, 博士論文要旨, 最終試験結果の要旨, 論文審査の要旨The part of this thesis is originally based on:
1. Namiko Kawamura, Goro Katsuura, Nobuko Yamada-Goto, Ela Novianti, Akio Inui, Akihiro Asakawa
Reduced brain fractalkine-CX3CR1 signaling is involved in the impaired cognition of streptozotocin-treated mice
IBRO Reports 2020, 9 Pages 233-240
DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.09.002
2. Namiko Kawamura, Goro Katsuura, Nobuko Yamada-Goto, Ela Novianti, Akio Inui, Akihiro Asakawa
Impaired brain fractalkine-CX3CR1 signaling is implicated in cognitive dysfunction in diet-induced obese mice
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 2021, 9(1) p.63-72
doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-00149
NPY and brain monoamines in the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia
No full textCancer anorexia frequently characterizes the clinical journey of patients with cancer and affects patients' morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. A constellation of symptoms concur to the diagnosis of anorexia, and early satiety, changes in taste/smell, and nausea are the more frequently reported. The pathogenesis of cancer anorexia is multifactorial, but accumulating evidence indicates that the hypothalamic melanocortin and neuropeptide Y systems become resistant to peripheral inputs. This results in increased melanocortin activity and reduced neuropeptide Y function, thereby leading to the promotion of catabolic stimuli (i.e., reduced energy intake, increased energy expenditure, possibly increased muscle proteolysis, and adipose tissue loss). Interestingly, hypothalamic proinflammatory cytokines and serotonin, among other factors, are key in triggering hypothalamic resistance. In the clinical setting, cancer anorexia develops with heterogeneous presenting symptoms (i.e., early satiety and/or nausea and/or changes of taste) and varying degrees of severity. Available evidence suggests that the constellation of symptoms characterizing this syndrome should be considered, at least in part, as different phenotypes of common neurochemical/metabolic alterations in the presence of a chronic inflammatory state. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Induction of PDK4 in the heart muscle of JVS mice, an animal model of systemic carnitine deficiency, does not appear to reduce glucose utilization by the heart
No full text博士論文全文, 博士論文要旨Miharu Ushikai, Masahisa Horiuchi, Keiko Kobayashi, Sadayuki Matuda, Akio Inui, Toru Takeuchi, Takeyori Saheki
Induction of PDK4 in the heart muscle of JVS mice, an animal model of systemic carnitine deficiency, does not appear to reduce glucose utilization by the heart
Molecular Genetics and Metabolism．2011, vol.102, no.3 p. 349-355
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.11.16
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Anti-ghrelin immunoglobulins modulate ghrelin stability and its orexigenic effect in obece mice and humans
No full text博士論文全文, 博士論文要旨, 最終試験結果の要旨, 論文審査の要旨Kuniko Takagi, Romain Legrand, Akihiro Asakawa, Haruka Amitani, Marie François, Naouel Tennoune, Moïse Coëffier, Sophie Claeyssens, Jean-Claude do Rego, Pierre Déchelotte, Akio Inui & Sergueï O. Fetissov
Anti-ghrelin immunoglobulins modulate ghrelin stability and its orexigenic effect in obese mice and humans
nature communications(2013) 2685
https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms368
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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