37 research outputs found
Ficções do eu : o cinema autobiográfico de Jean Eustache.
No full textPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Letras. Departamento de Letras, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.A presente dissertação visa analisar o gesto autobiográfico nas narrativas cinematográficas de Jean Eustache. Dono de uma série de experimentos que vão de curtas metragens, passando pelo documentário, até longas de ficção, o autor em questão, ao mesmo tempo em que se insere na linhagem das narrativas ditas autobiográficas, rompe com o princípio de sistematização do eu em sua filmografia pulverizando-o em filmes de dicção variada, embaralhando gêneros, de forma que fique a cargo do espectador o trabalho de construir a teia de referências autobiográficas. Por mais que isso transpareça um atestado de caos pela falta de unidade em sua obra, é interessante perceber como seu cinema aponta para uma subjetividade que prefere converter a própria fragmentação numa assinatura estilística consciente. Entender de que maneira Eustache se representa no campo da autobiografia, ao colocar a prova suas fronteiras, é o propósito desta análise.The present work aims to analyse the autobiographic gesture in the cinematographic narratives of Jean Eustache, an author who experimented with short films, documentaries, as well as fiction feature films. At the same time that Eustache fits into the lineage of the so-called autobiographical narratives, in his filmography he also breaks with the principle of systematization of the self, spreading it in films with diverse diction and muddling different kinds of gender, so it is up to the spectator to build the web of autobiographic references. Even though this may be regarded as a statement of chaos, due to the lack of unity in his work, it is interesting to note how his cinema points to a subjectivity that prefers to convert its own fragmentation into a conscious stylistic signature. The present analysis aims to understand the way Eustache represents himself in the field of autobiography by testing its own frontiers
Hippocampal activation for autobiographical memories over the entire lifetime in healthy aged subjects: An fMRI study
No full textInternational audienceWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine the cerebral structures required during the recollection of episodic autobiographical memories according to 5 time periods covering the whole lifespan to test the 2 concurring models of memory consolidation, which propose either a temporary (standard model) or a permanent (multiple-trace model) role of the hippocampus in episodic memory retrieval. The experimental paradigm was specially designed to engage subjects (67.17 +/- 5.22 years old) in the retrieval of episodic autobiographical memories, whatever the time period, from personally relevant cues selected by questioning a family member. Moreover, the nature of the memories was checked at debriefing by means of behavioral measures to control the degree of episodicity. Behavioral data showed that recollected memories were characterized by specificity and details whatever their remoteness. Main neuroimaging data (Statistical Parametric Mapping 99) revealed the activation of a network including the left superior frontal gyri, bilateral precuneus/posterior cingulate and lingual gyri, left angular gyrus, and left hippocampus, although the subtraction analyses detected subtle differences between certain time periods. Small volume correction centered on the hippocampus detected left hippocampal activation for all time periods and additional right hippocampal activation for the intermediate periods. Further confirmation was provided by using a 3-way analysis of variance on blood oxygen level-dependent values, which revealed hippocampal activation whatever the time interval. The present data challenge the standard model of memory consolidation and support the multiple-trace model, instead. The comparison with previous literature stresses the idea that a bilateral involvement of the hippocampus characterizes rich episodic autobiographical memory recollection
Jean Eustache : genetics And Work
No full textLe présent travail se consacre à une étude génétique de l’œuvre de Jean Eustache (1938-1981), saisie dans ses accomplissements comme dans ses projets et esquisses inachevés. En se fondant sur des archives jusqu’alors inexploitées (Cinémathèque française, Inathèque, IMEC et collections personnelles), en recueillant des témoignages inédits (producteurs, chefs opérateurs, assistants, acteurs, collaborateurs, amis et famille du cinéaste), en analysant aussi bien des scénarios, notes d’intention ou dossiers de production que les films eux-mêmes, notre recherche restitue l’ensemble du parcours créatif de Jean Eustache, dans ses tours et détours. Analyse de création, la méthode consiste à retracer de la façon la plus documentée possible la démarche qui a permis l’éclosion d’une œuvre. Comment s’articulent constance de l’entreprise autobiographique et diversité des conditions de production ? Qui amène le cinéaste à réaliser le manifeste inédit Numéro zéro (1971) ? Comment La Maman et la putain (1973) et Mes petites amoureuses (1974) sont-ils presque simultanément élaborés ? Comment l’idée des essais expérimentaux, Une sale histoire (1977) ou Les Photos d’Alix (1980), est-elle née ? Comment créer de façon aussi personnelle dans le cadre du cinéma d’auteur et dans celui de la Télévision publique ? Telles sont quelques-unes des questions factuelles auxquelles ce Doctorat répond, qui permettent d’éclairer les choix esthétiques propres à Jean Eustache.The dissertation conducts a genetic study of Jean Eustache’s work (1938-1981) as seen through his completed films as well as unfinished projects and drafts. In being based on archives, so far undeveloped (Cinémathèque française, Inathèque, IMEC and personal collections), carrying out interviews with his former producers, directors of photography, assistants, actors, collaborators, friends, or family, and in analyzing not only his movies but also his film scripts, director’s memos or production files, the dissertation reconstructs Eustache’s whole creative journey with its twists and turns. As analysis of creation, the method seeks to trace in the most documented manner possible the process that gave rise to Eustache’s œuvre. How are connected his everlasting autobiographical undertaking and the various conditions of productions? What has leaded him to produce the filmic manifesto Number Zero (1971)? How are The Mother and the Whore (1973) and My Little Loves (1974) produced almost simultaneously? How was born the idea for experimental film essays such as A Dirty Story (1977) or Alix’s Photos (1980)? How one can create originally within both the author cinema and Public Television? This doctoral study replies to these factual questions, which enable to clarify Jean Eustache’s aesthetic and cinematic specific choices
Ruralité et acquisition lexicale au Manitoba : le vocabulaire disponible dans les écoles Saint-Eustache (milieu rural) et Provencher (milieu urbain)
No full textCet article analyse les traits dominants du vocabulaire de jeunes Manitobains vivant en milieu francophone rural et urbain. Il s’appuie sur les résultats de nos enquêtes en lexicométrie (analyse statistique des langues), notamment sur nos enquêtes de « disponibilité lexicale », menées auprès de jeunes de 8 à 13 ans (1990-2006). Les corpus établis d’après les données d’enquête comprennent les mots les plus fréquemment utilisés dans seize contextes de conversation (champs lexicaux, tels que les vêtements, l’école, les métiers). C’est plus précisément sur l’enquête réalisée à l’école Saint-Eustache et à l’école Provencher (Saint-Boniface) que se fondent les résultats analysés ci-après. Parmi tous les critères constitutifs de l’analyse, nous avons choisi de présenter celui du lieu d’habitation des témoins. Les écarts entre les indices lexicométriques obtenus pour Saint-Eustache (milieu rural) et pour Provencher (milieu urbain) sont comparés d’un point de vue quantitatif (tel le nombre de mots par témoin) et qualitatif (tel le contenu notionnel). Nous réfléchissons, en conclusion, sur différents moyens de répondre à certains des besoins pédagogiques des enfants en milieu rural.This article examines salient features in the vocabulary of young Franco-Manitobans living in rural/urban areas. It is based on a series of studies in lexicometry (or statistical analysis of language), in particular on the author’s fieldwork and “lexical availability” study of 8- to 13-year olds (1990-2006). The corpus was collected and the most frequently used words were analyzed according to sixteen conversational contexts which comprised lexical fields such as clothing, school, and occupations. The lexicon of 8- to 13-year old informants was collected and analyzed for sixteen lexical fields (e.g. clothing, school, occupations). Among the various criteria included in the study, the author focuses here on the informants’ geographical origin (rural/urban). Lexicometric indexes obtained for St. Eustache (rural) and Provencher (urban) are compared for quantitative variants (e.g. number of words per informant) and qualitative variants (e.g. semantic content). To conclude, the author offers some suggestions designed to meet some of the specific pedagogical needs of rural children
PRATIC: A soluble-boron-free, pressurized water cooled, SMR core benchmark
No full textCurrent nuclear reactor research is actively exploring small modular pressurized water reactors (PWRs), particularly soluble-boron-free (SBF) configurations. SBF designs utilize control rods and gadolinium-poisoned fuel rods to manage reactivity. Additionally, small modular reactors (SMRs) commonly integrate steel reflectors to minimize neutron leakage. However, the compactness of SMRs and the adoption of these technical solutions result in notable fluctuations in neutron flux within the core during normal cycle operation. Hence, comprehensive analysis is essential, especially concerning reactor performance under normal and accident conditions, the reliability of neutronics calculation assumptions, etc. Research into these issues requires reactor core neutronics benchmarks that are consistent with industrial concepts so that the analysis results can be applied to real reactors. In this context, this article introduces PRATIC, a SBF-PWR SMR core neutronics benchmark designed to match the global performances of industrial concepts. The development of PRATIC was conducted using a deterministic calculation scheme coupling the APOLLO2 and CRONOS2 codes. PRATIC features a thermal power of 350 MWth, an equilibrium cycle length of 1.9 years, and an average discharge burnup of about 34 GWd/t, while maintaining controlled power distributions. The article elaborates on the design assumptions for PRATIC, then details the reactor core and its equilibrium cycle. Access to the PRATIC modeling data is available via a GIT repository, accessible upon request via email at [email protected]
Eustache-Antoine Hua (1759-1836): mémoires et papiers privés d'un magistrat et député : édition critique des Mémoires d'Eustache-Antoine Hua
No full textEustache-Antoine Hua (1759-1836) was a barrister and a public prosecutor from Mantes who lived through a succession of historical eras, from the last decades of the monarchy to the French Revolution, the First French Empire and finally the Bourbon Restoration. He is mostly known for his memoirs : when he was a member of the Legislative Assembly, he undertook to report and analyze the historical events that unfolded during his term of office, and to describe his personal and professional life, from his time as a student of the law until the year 1827. His grandson Eustache-Maur François Saint-Maur (1825-1901) had the memoirs published in 1871. The first part of this thesis is a study of Hua's Mémoires, from the time of writing to the time of publication, while the second part extends the study to the other private documents found in the Hua collection (Archives nationales, 621 AP). These documents are an abundant source of information about their author and the era he lived in. This thesis thus includes the biographies of both Eustache-Antoine Hua and his grandson, as well as a complete critical edition of the Mémoires. It also analyzes an example of a publication led by a member of the author's family (raising issues of censorship and family history preservation), and studies of the various facets of the character that was Hua (as a citizen, a traveler, a father, etc.), which show in the Hua collection's egodocuments : memoirs, letters, travel diaries. Furthermore, those documents give a first-hand account of French society and culture in the early 19th century, particularly on the subjects of family and traveling, a topic reviewed in the last chapter of this thesisEustache-Antoine Hua (1759-1836) était un avocat et magistrat originaire de Mantes qui a vu se succéder l'Ancien régime, la Révolution, le Consulat et l'Empire, les Cent-Jours et la Restauration. Il est principalement connu pour ses mémoires : député à l'Assemblée législative, il s'est donné pour buts de rapporter et d'analyser les événements historiques s'étant produits durant son mandat, et de relater l'histoire de sa vie personnelle et professionnelle, de sa formation d'avocat à 1827. Son petit-fils Eustache-Maur François Saint-Maur (1825-1901) les a par la suite partiellement édités en 1871. Un premier axe de cette thèse est consacré à l'étude des Mémoires, de leur rédaction à leur parution, et un second à celle des écrits du for privé du fonds Hua (Archives nationales, 621 AP), et aux informations qu'ils renferment sur l'auteur et son temps. Cette thèse comprend donc les biographies de Hua et de son petit-fils, ainsi que l'édition critique complète des Mémoires, sur laquelle viennent s'appuyer l'analyse du processus éditorial d'un écrit du for privé par un membre de la famille de l'auteur (censure, sauvegarde de la mémoire familiale), et celle des différentes facettes du personnage de Hua (notable, voyageur, père,...), que donnent à voir tous les écrits du for privé conservés dans ce fonds : mémoires, lettres, journaux de voyage. Ces documents constituent en outre des sources de premier ordre concernant la société française au début du XIXe siècle, en particulier dans les domaines de la famille et des voyages, ce qui fait l'objet d'un dernier chapitr
PRATIC: A soluble-boron-free, pressurized water cooled, SMR core benchmark
No full textCurrent nuclear reactor research is actively exploring small modular pressurized water reactors (PWRs), particularly soluble-boron-free (SBF) configurations. SBF designs utilize control rods and gadolinium-poisoned fuel rods to manage reactivity. Additionally, small modular reactors (SMRs) commonly integrate steel reflectors to minimize neutron leakage. However, the compactness of SMRs and the adoption of these technical solutions result in notable fluctuations in neutron flux within the core during normal cycle operation. Hence, comprehensive analysis is essential, especially concerning reactor performance under normal and accident conditions, the reliability of neutronics calculation assumptions, etc. Research into these issues requires reactor core neutronics benchmarks that are consistent with industrial concepts so that the analysis results can be applied to real reactors. In this context, this article introduces PRATIC, a SBF-PWR SMR core neutronics benchmark designed to match the global performances of industrial concepts. The development of PRATIC was conducted using a deterministic calculation scheme coupling the APOLLO2 and CRONOS2 codes. PRATIC features a thermal power of 350 MWth, an equilibrium cycle length of 1.9 years, and an average discharge burnup of about 34 GWd/t, while maintaining controlled power distributions. The article elaborates on the design assumptions for PRATIC, then details the reactor core and its equilibrium cycle. Access to the PRATIC modeling data is available via a GIT repository, accessible upon request via email at [email protected]
Hybrid pattern recognition, 1987
No full textThere are two basic approaches to pattern recognition: decision-theoretic and syntactic. However, in actual applications, a combination of both may be needed. One such hybrid technique consists of syntactic method coupled with stochasticity in its grammar. Randomness in the syntactic case is caused due to noise and insufficient information about characteristics of pattern classes. To absorb the effect of this randomness, the grammar must be generalized to include the probabilities of production rules. In this paper, a preliminary discussion of issues involved with hybrid techniques, in general, and stochastic grammars, in particular, is provided. An efficient algorithm for an automatic learning of production probabilities is devised. Concepts are illustrated via examples
Collaboration in Scientific and Technology Research in Benin: 2005-2009
No full textAbstract: This paper studies scientific collaboration in the Beninese national research system. References to publications in Web of Science with at least one Benin-based co-author address were collected. Only papers published from 2005 to 2009 (a five-year period) were selected. Results show that over 80% of papers have at least one co-author with a foreign address. The Universite d'Abomey-Calavi is the centre of the institutional collaboration network. Authors' collaboration network reveals several sub-groups of different sizes and cohesion. The most prominent subgroups are those of the authors specialized in Natural Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences or Engineering Sciences and Technology
International collaboration in scientific publishing : the case of West Africa (2001-2010)
No full textAbstract: Bibliographic data of publications indexed in Web of Science with at least one (co-)author affiliated to any of the 15 West African countries and published from 2001 to 2010 included are downloaded. Analyses focused one collaboration indicators especially intra regional collaboration, intra African collaboration and collaboration with the world. Results showed that the rate of papers with only one author is diminishing whereas the rate of papers with six and more authors is increasing. Nigeria is responsible for more than half the regions total scientific output. The main African partner countries are South Africa (in the Southern Africa, Cameroon (in the Central Africa), Kenya and Tanzania (in the Eastern Africa). The main non African partner countries are France, USA and United Kingdom, which on their own contributed to over 63 % of the papers with a non West African address. Individual countries have higher international collaboration rate, except Nigeria. West African countries cooperated less with each other and less with African and developing countries than they did with developed ones. The study suggests national authorities to express in actions their commitment to allot at least 1 % of their GDP to science and technology funding. It also suggests regional integration institutions to encourage and fund research activities that involve several institutions from different West African countries in order to increase intra regional scientific cooperation
