1,720,965 research outputs found
IL GRUPPO COOPERATIVO GERARCHICO
No full textLa tesi si occupa del gruppo cooperativo gerarchico. Nel primo capitolo si esaminano una serie di problematiche legate alle legittimità o meno di una simile struttura di gruppo. Nel secondo capitolo, ricco anche di un'analisi empirica di taluni statuti di gruppi cooperativi gerarchici operanti a livello europeo, si passa all'esame delle modalità di attuazione del rapporto mutualistico in una struttura di gruppo; in particolare, si valuta la possibilità dello spostamento a valle della gestione di servizio con conseguente riduzione della cooperativa capogruppo a holding pura. Nel capitolo terzo si esamina, invece, la compatibilità di una simile struttura di gruppo con i principi fondanti il diritto della cooperazione, ovvero la disciplina dei ristorni, il principio della porta aperta e della parità di trattamento e il criterio della prevalenza dell'attività mutualistica.My doctorate thesis considers a vertically organized corporation in which the mother company is a cooperative, with particular reference to the repercussions of such a structure on the mutual relationship involved. As the need to compete on the market through a single management body in charge of diversified activities becomes more pressing, the cooperatives currently find themselves at a disadvantage with respect to profit-making enterprises, as their adoption of a holding structure to run their business activities is looked upon with a certain suspicion.
There are many who sustain in fact that such a structure is in open conflict with the principles of the cooperative movement, such as, inter alia, the open door principle. In particular, doubts have been raised as to whether the mutual-benefit purpose on which cooperatives are founded, involving the supply of management services to the members at conditions which are more beneficial than those generally available on the market, can be fully applied within a holding structure.
In my doctorate thesis, I assert the full legitimacy of the holding cooperative on the basis of a series of arguments which I have developed by comparing several European legal systems, focusing in particular on the key concept of my research, the mutual-benefit purpose in vertical integrated companies
Ein weiterer Schritt auf dem Weg zur Harmonisierung des Insolvenzrechts in Europa. Der Richtlinienvorschlag vom 7.12.2023
No full textOn 7 December 2022, the European Commission presented a
proposal for a directive harmonising certain aspects of insolvency
law. The initiative follows on from the Restructuring
Directive (2019/1023), with which the European legislator
had already brought about an approximation of national
laws on preventive restructuring frameworks. At that time,
it was still asserted that the differences between the legal
systems of the Member States with regard to insolvency proceedings
in the true sense were too great to be bridged.
However, due to the challenges triggered by the Covid-19
pandemic and the new momentum in the realisation of the
Capital Markets Union, the Commission considered that the
time was now ripe to launch the next stage in the establishment
of a common insolvency law. The aim of this paper is
to provide a first commentary on this further stepAm 7.12.2022 legte die Europäische Kommission einen Vorschlag
für eine Richtlinie zur Harmonisierung bestimmter
Aspekte des Insolvenzrechts vor. Die Initiative knüpft an die
Restrukturierungsrichtlinie (RL 2019/1023) an, mit welcher
der europäische Gesetzgeber bereits eine Angleichung der
nationalen Gesetze zur präventiven Restrukturierung herbeigeführt
hatte. Damals wurde noch festgestellt, dass die
Unterschiede zwischen den Rechtssystemen der Mitgliedstaaten
in Bezug auf das Insolvenzverfahren im eigentlichen
Sinne zu groß sind, um überbrückt werden zu können. Aufgrund
der durch die Covid-19-Pandemie ausgelösten Herausforderungen
und durch den neuen Schwung bei der Verwirklichung
des politischen Projekts der Kapitalmarktunion
gelangte die Kommission jedoch zur Ansicht, dass die Zeit
nun reif sei, um die nächste Phase der Verwirklichung eines
gemeinsamen Insolvenzrechts einzuleiten. Ziel dieses Beitrags
ist es, einen ersten Kommentar zu diesem weiteren
Schritt auf dem Weg zur Harmonisierung des Insolvenzrechts
in Europa zu liefern
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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