11,811 research outputs found
Pioneers of Library Movement in Pakistan
No full textThe paper aims to describe in brief the contribution of seven leaders of Pakistan librarianship, viz. K.B. Khalifa M. Asadullah, Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Dr. Abdus Subuh Qasimi, Muhammad Shafi, Fazal Elahi, Khawaja Nur Elahi and S. V. Hussain. The early library developments are given for better understanding of the role of these leaders
sj-docx-2-tdo-10.1177_00494755221127355 - Supplemental material for Respiratory sequelae of dengue fever
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-tdo-10.1177_00494755221127355 for Respiratory sequelae of dengue fever by Asad Mehmood, Muhammad Waqas Afzal, Muhammad Ahmad, Mahreen Mufti, Jahanzeb Malik and Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi in Tropical Doctor</p
Managing Water Resources for Environmentally Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture in Pakistan
No full textPakistan’s agriculture is almost wholly dependent on irrigation and irrigated land supplies more than 90 percent of agricultural production. Irrigation is central to Pakistan’s economy. Massive investments in irrigation contributed to the development of one of the largest Indus Basin Irrigation System. Despite heavy budgetary inputs in irrigation system, it is facing shortage of resources and suffering from operational problems. The sustainability of irrigated agriculture is threatened due to problems of waterlogging and salinity, inadequate operation and maintenance, insufficient recovery of O&M expenditure, inequitable distribution, environmental degradation, institutional issues etc. The growing scarcity of water sets the future stage for intensive competition over water between agriculture and non-agricultural users. The growing need for food and fibre requirements of increasing population further limits the per capita availability of water. Due to the limited prospects for expanding irrigation facilities, the projected increase in irrigated agriculture will have to come from significant improvement in the performance of existing systems. Policy-makers and planners are of the view that Pakistan’s irrigated agriculture requires new strategies to enhance input efficiency and maintain and improve the quality of the resource base and to get the irrigation system out of crises. There is a global movement for searching a new type of relationship between the managers of irrigated agriculture and farmers. Such options are being considered by government at various levels to put the system on sustainable development path. In addressing the environmentally sustainable water resource management in Pakistan, the paper makes an attempt to provide an over-view of water resource issues and options.
sj-tiff-1-tdo-10.1177_00494755221127355 - Supplemental material for Respiratory sequelae of dengue fever
No full textSupplemental material, sj-tiff-1-tdo-10.1177_00494755221127355 for Respiratory sequelae of dengue fever by Asad Mehmood, Muhammad Waqas Afzal, Muhammad Ahmad, Mahreen Mufti, Jahanzeb Malik and Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi in Tropical Doctor</p
sj-pdf-3-tdo-10.1177_00494755221127355 - Supplemental material for Respiratory sequelae of dengue fever
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-3-tdo-10.1177_00494755221127355 for Respiratory sequelae of dengue fever by Asad Mehmood, Muhammad Waqas Afzal, Muhammad Ahmad, Mahreen Mufti, Jahanzeb Malik and Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi in Tropical Doctor</p
Effect of botanicals and synthetic insecticides on Pieris brassicae (L., 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
No full textAn Exploration of Multiple Subject Positions of Pakistani Women in Afzal Khan’s Memoir
No full textThe present research article aims to explore Fawzi Afzal Khan’s memoir Lahore With Love Growing up With Girlfriends Pakistani Style while integrating theoretical framework presented by Islamic feminist scholars such as Mernissi, Moghissi, Kahf, khan and Zine. This research is qualitative in nature because it aims to view social reality regarding women as constantly shifting. The findings bring to light the presence of plurality and relativity in Pakistani’s women’s lives. Fawzia Afzal Khan is a postmodern author who is skeptic of the fixed identities and stereotypical roles of Pakistani women. The findings further reveal that Fawzia Afzal Khan has tried to depict the multiple subject positions of Pakistani women through the lives of her girlfriends. In this way she has presented an alternative herstory of Pakistan
Queries and Predicate - Argument Relationship
No full textWe have considered the differences between questions and requests, and their co-presence in the structure of queries.
Because of the so-called “descriptive fallacy” in philosophy of language, it took rather a long time to give them the attention they were due. Thanks to pragmatics, this oversight has been rectified.
Asking questions testifies to the strong relationship between lack of determinacy (poverty, both in knowledge and in action) and the need to overcome it (in order to attain plentifulness). Interrogative structures are devices where triggers such as wh-words or suspended assent are at work to retrieve missing information, extract knowledge, or receive the cooperation requested.
Answers are therefore not only assertions, but also permissions, prohibitions, orders, suggestions, etc. The logico-linguistic structure which is always required across this variety of speech acts and which makes possible the wording of questions and requests is predication.
Even in elliptical or simply verbless sentences, predication is at work albeit implicit or implied. To be at work means that it is a necessary condition for the complete efficiency and comprehensibility of the sentence itself. To be at work, then, means that the addressee/hearer/reader has to bear in mind, or retrieve, the predication, where the absence of recognition would prevent him/her from understanding the meaning, i.e. the semantics of the sentence. In crosstalk such as “Ready?” “Not yet.”, no verb appears, but predication is easily recognisable, as implicit (in the question) or implied (in the answer): Implicit, specifically as a part of the first turn “[Are you] ready?”, and implied as the whole turn upon which negation operates. The role of negation is in fact that of an operator, the scope of which is the whole preceding sentence structure: [It is] not yet [true that I am ready]”, i.e. the preceding sentence deprived of its interrogative mood, that is to say without the suspension of assent typical of oriented questions, and shifted to the second person (addressee) to the first one (sender).
During our reconstruction of the basic views on such an evergreen topic in logic and linguistic inquiries as predication, we have argued that some routes need to be modified:
I. Before predicates, theory must put predication as the basic syntagmatic act. This means the adoption of a pragmatic framework.
II. Before articulating predicative relations, the sentence unit must be asserted and the reasons investigated, thus avoiding both factual and metalinguistic oversimplification. Bottom-up approaches need to be balanced by top-down approaches, which deserve a certain priority due to the causative role of the speaker and of his/her communicative intention, which gives rise to the actualisation of the speech act and to the processing of its constituents by the addressee. Compositionality is a function of (con)textuality and not vice versa.
III. ‘Dissimilarity’, or ‘asymmetry’ of components (typically nouns and verbs) is the condition of ‘fitness’ which joins sentence constituents. Without it, we would merely have a co-presence, a juxtaposition, a simple addition. Beyond this, both Aristotelian and Fregean models attest to the feeling of a further (second step) relationship, a reference from the foreground to the background, from the present being (through the copula) to being as such; from single, determined objects of the spoken domain to the universe of discourse (the co-domain instituted as the truth or falsehood which the predicate-argument relationship refers to); from the objects the sentence is about, to the world (actual or possible) it has been assigned to. Moreover, this asymmetry is also active on another layer, that of communicative dynamism (topic-focus articulation, functional sentence perspective). Within the speech, participants in the conversation / communication exchange need to move from what is known to something new; they need to increase their already shared world of reference to new information / action upon it.
IV. Higher units, such as texts, may be further requested, but at least questions/requests and answers cannot be mutually isolated. Moreover, a useful insight into a textual (macro)structure can be derived from the identification of the question(s) and request(s) which may be considered, albeit implicitly, to be the source of the text itself.
V. The newest solutions proposed to capture the structure of the predicative link - which keeps queries and answers together- support the idea of a semantic unity displayed through a plurality of roles and their gradual identification or confirmation: this is what concepts such as functions, cases, stemmas, frames and scripts suggest - barring gaps at the beginning – who does what?, when does this happen? etc. – which have to be filled as an on-going task.
VI. Unproven or simply intuited theoretical endeavours deserve access to data, as rich and varied as possible, in order to test their validity. In the privileged position made possible by computational linguistic tools and resources, philosophers of language, logicians, linguists and other scholars, aware of the multi-secular history of human thought on these topics, can now also carry out field-work. Mutual advantage is expected
Shift from conventional to RES, Modelling the public perception in Pakistan
No full textAlthough Pakistan poses an enormous renewable energy sources (RES) potential, their share in the energy mix of Pakistan is very low as compared to the conventional sources like fossil fuels.The Government policies, strategies and goals for the development of renewable energy also at work. Moreover,some work has also been done in technical and economic viability to harness the potential of RES at small, medium and large scale. However, a scientific work to address the basic question as to how much the general populace is willing to shift to RES from the conventional is largely missing. In this study, we have inculcated the social and psychological factor to access the public acceptance towards RES. The theory of planned behavior provided the basic model, which was then expanded to statistically measure the willingness of the public to accept the RES. For the method we conducted a survey (N = 400),primarily, among the students of National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad Pakistan. This was because these students are mostly studying energy and sciences discipline and will be future stakeholder to help the transition from conventional to the RES. They will be the implementors and makers of policies friendly towards the RES. The empirical data obtained was analyzed using the structural equation modelling. Self-identity, intention and price played the most significant role on molding the public behavior while other also had a considerable impact on the shift and cannot be ignored. Finally, a few policy suggestions were also made
FIGURE 10 in Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)
No full textFIGURE 10. Variation in exine thickness from all investigated taxa.Published as part of Khan, Amjad, Ahmad, Mushtaq, Zafar, Muhammad & Shah, Sayed Afzal, 2022, Systematic significance of pollen morphology in rare endemic taxa of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae), pp. 267-290 in Phytotaxa 561 (3) on page 277, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.561.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/706993
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