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PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK VACCINIUM MACROCARPON AITON TERHADAP AKTIVITAS SPESIFIK ENZIM KATALASE JANTUNG DAN DARAH TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY SETELAH DIINDUKSI HIPOKSIA
No full textHipoksia adalah kondisi dimana kadar oksigen tidak berada oksigen tidak
berada dalam level yang fisiologis. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan peningkatan
produksi Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS) yang dapat merusak organ salah satunya
jantung. Kerusakan akibat ROS dapat dicegah dengan antioksidan, baik endogen
seperti katalase, maupun eksogen seperti buah kranberi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk
mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak buah kranberi (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton)
terhadap aktivitas spesifik katalase padajantung dan darah tikus yang telah diinduksi
hipoksia sistemik kronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dan
dilakukan secara in vitroyang meliputi uji fitokimia, kapasitas total antioksidan
(Blois), kadar fenolik total (Singleton & Rossi), kadar alkaloid total (Trivedi, dkk.),
dan toksisitas (Meyer), serta in vivoyang terdiri dari aktivitas spesifik katalase (Maté),
dan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 ekor tikus
Sprague Dawleyyang dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok, uji (diberi ekstrak buah kranberi)
dan kontrol. Masing-masing kelompok dibagi lagi kedalam empat subkelompok
(normoksia, hipoksia 1, 7, dan 14 hari). Hasil uji didapatkan ekstrak buah kranberi
mengandung alkaloid (66.118 µg/mL), phenols (351.64 µg/mL), anthocyanin,
betacyanin, cardio glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, quinones, steroids,
terpenoids, dan tannins, kapasitas total antioksidan IC5049.760 ߤg/mL, dan nilai
toksisitas LC50 153.081 µg/mL. Terjadi penurunan aktivitas spesifik katalase seiring
bertambah lamanya perlakuan hipoksia, aktivitas spesifik katalase kelompok uji lebih
tinggi dari kelompok kontrol,dan terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat antara aktivitas
spesifik katalase pada jantung dan darah. Gambaran patologi anatomi jantung tikus
kelompok uji terlihat kerusakan yang lebih ringan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol
Twists and Turns in The Fibrinolytic Therapy of Infero-Posterior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Right Ventricular Infarction Patient with Cardiogenic Shock: A Case Report
Full text linkIntroduction: Fibrinolytic therapy is preferred for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) when the timeframe for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cannot be achieved. Although effective, fibrinolytics are also associated with several adverse effects in addition to the complications of STEMI itself. Case: A 45-year-old active smoker man presented with chest pain, dyspnea, and diaphoresis for the past hour. Electrocardiography revealed infero-posterior STEMI with right ventricular infarction. Echocardiography demonstrated akinetic inferior, infero-septal, and posterior walls with an estimated right atrial pressure of 15 mmHg. Management: Therapy consisted of aspirin, clopidogrel, furosemide, and streptokinase infusion. Within five minutes of initiating streptokinase, the patient developed sudden hypotension that required norepinephrine, dobutamine, and dopamine. At approximately halfway of the streptokinase infusion, he developed accelerated idioventricular rhythm which progressed to pulseless ventricular tachycardia lasting for one minute. Before defibrillation was performed, his rhythm reverted to sinus, after which a bolus of amiodarone was administered. Given his instability, streptokinase was discontinued after approximately 70 percent of the total dose had been delivered. Outcome: The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit with stable hemodynamic, resolved chest pain, and more than 50 percent ST-segment resolution on ECG. Heparin, atorvastatin, maintenance amiodarone, and furosemide were added to his regimen. He continued to improve clinically and was discharged without complication. Conclusion: This case shows that fibrinolysis remains essential when PCI is unavailable, but streptokinase can cause hemodynamic and arrhythmic complications, highlighting the need for close monitoring and rapid intervention in resource-limited settings
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK VACCINIUM MACROCARPON AITON TERHADAP AKTIVITAS SPESIFIK ENZIM KATALASE JANTUNG DAN DARAH TIKUS SPRAGUE DAWLEY SETELAH DIINDUKSI HIPOKSIA
No full textHipoksia adalah kondisi dimana kadar oksigen tidak berada oksigen tidak berada dalam level yang fisiologis. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan peningkatan produksi Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) yang dapat merusak organ salah satunya jantung. Kerusakan akibat ROS dapat dicegah dengan antioksidan, baik endogen seperti katalase, maupun eksogen seperti buah kranberi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak buah kranberi (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton) terhadap aktivitas spesifik katalase pada jantung dan darah tikus yang telah diinduksi hipoksia sistemik kronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental dan dilakukan secara in vitro yang meliputi uji fitokimia, kapasitas total antioksidan (Blois), kadar fenolik total (Singleton & Rossi), kadar alkaloid total (Trivedi, dkk.), dan toksisitas (Meyer), serta in vivo yang terdiri dari aktivitas spesifik katalase (Maté), dan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 ekor tikus Sprague Dawley yang dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok, uji (diberi ekstrak buah kranberi) dan kontrol. Masing-masing kelompok dibagi lagi kedalam empat subkelompok (normoksia, hipoksia 1, 7, dan 14 hari). Hasil uji didapatkan ekstrak buah kranberi mengandung alkaloid (66.118 µg/mL), phenols (351.64 µg/mL), anthocyanin, betacyanin, cardio glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, quinones, steroids, terpenoids, dan tannins, kapasitas total antioksidan IC50 49.760 μg/mL, dan nilai toksisitas LC50 153.081 µg/mL. Terjadi penurunan aktivitas spesifik katalase seiring bertambah lamanya perlakuan hipoksia, aktivitas spesifik katalase kelompok uji lebih tinggi dari kelompok kontrol, dan terdapat hubungan yang sangat kuat antara aktivitas spesifik katalase pada jantung dan darah. Gambaran patologi anatomi jantung tikus kelompok uji terlihat kerusakan yang lebih ringan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol
Challenges in Managing Myocardial Stunning Following Cardiac Arrest in a Very High-Risk NSTE-ACS Patient: A Case Report
Full text linkIntroduction: Myocardial stunning is a reversible myocardial dysfunction that can occur due to various conditions, including focal ischemia—such as acute coronary syndrome (ACS)—and global ischemia, such as cardiac arrest. The proposed mechanisms include oxygen free radical damage during early reperfusion and altered calcium inflow leading to transient myofilament desensitization. Case Presentation: A 61-year-old woman with a history of uncontrolled hypertension and obesity presented with sudden loss of consciousness lasting one hour, preceded by chest pain and dyspnea. She experienced cardiac arrest and achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after 10 minutes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Initial echocardiography showed a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 32.9% and global hypokinesia. She was diagnosed with very high-risk non-ST-elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS), with suspected left main coronary artery obstruction or three-vessel disease. Her clinical course was complicated by acute pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and cardiogenic shock. Management included intubation, dual antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, statin therapy, and inotropic support with dopamine and dobutamine. Her hemodynamic status improved within 18 hours, and she was extubated. On the third day post-arrest, follow-up echocardiography revealed a restored LVEF of 69.5% with normal wall motion. The patient was discharged after 9 days and continued to do well on outpatient follow-up for at least 6 months. Conclusions: Myocardial stunning should be considered in post-cardiac arrest and ACS patients with transient ventricular dysfunction. Early supportive care and close monitoring are essential, particularly in settings lacking advanced cardiac interventions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Hemodynamic impairment of double culprit ST-elevation myocardial infarction, double the trouble: a case report
Full text linkBackground: Multiple culprit artery involvement is rare (2.5%) among ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary coronary intervention (PCI). It can occur due to multiple factors and reflects a widespread pathophysiologic process. Most patients present with unstable hemodynamics and cardiogenic shock (CS), which results in a high mortality rate. Currently, there are no guidelines or consensuses on the management of multiple culprit arteries in STEMI patients.
Case Illustration: A 51-year-old man with chest pain in the past 16 hours was referred to the National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita. ECG at presentation revealed sinus rhythm with ST elevation in the inferior, posterior, and right leads. He was diagnosed with late-onset infero-posterior STEMI + right ventricle infarction, Killip IV, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 6/14, then was prepared for early PCI due to ongoing chest pain and CS. The patient underwent complete revascularization with drug-eluting stents and thrombus aspiration due to the high thrombus burden of the lesion in the right coronary artery and first obtuse marginal artery. After early PCI, his hemodynamic condition improved, and epigastric pain was his only complaint. However, on the following day, the patient experienced acute pulmonary edema and rhythm conversion to total AV block. He was managed conservatively with heparinization, inotropes, vasopressors, diuretics, and noninvasive ventilation. After 14 days of hospitalization, the patient was discharged without any complaints.
Conclusion: Double culprit STEMI is rare and associated with catastrophic hemodynamic impairment, including CS, at presentation. Individualized treatment with early and aggressive revascularization yields relatively good results
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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