35 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Plenary Speaker: How to Master the Art of Building Functional Fish Way
No full textDr Beate Adams graduated in 1992 in Biology. Her dissertation investigated the damage of loach (Barbatula barbatula) taste buds as a quick indicator for river pollution. She is founder of the Institute of Applied Ecology (Institut für angewandte Ökologie) and works in inter - and transdisciplinary cooperation with German universities and with hydraulic engineers to define the demands for efficient fish passes, fish protection systems and downstream migration facilities. The methodology comprises fish ecological field studies as well as ethohydraulic laboratory experiments. International engineering guidelines have benefited from her experience and her consultative work influenced the construction of Europe biggest double slot fish pass on the River Elbe at Geesthacht with its unique monitoring device. Based on knowledge of the behavioural pattern of downstream migrating silver eel she invented the early warning system “Migromat” which drives an episodic eel protecting operation mode of hydropower plants in rivers. With respect to the European animal welfare Act Dr. Adam gives lessons for the proper and gentle handling of aquatic species in the context of ecological surveys</p
Recommended from our members
Session A6: Telemetric Survey of Upstream and Downstream Migrating Species at the River Elbe, Germany
No full textPresenting Author Bio: Juliane Klan, born in 25.08.1986 in Templin, is an expert of (Marine) biology. Employed at the Institute of Applied Ecology in Marschacht, Germany since January 2014, Juliane Klan is engaged with the protection of fish species, within the scope of the fish monitoring at River Elbe. Amongst others she is commissioned with the monitoring of upstream migrating fish species at the fish pass in Geesthacht and at the water inlet of coal-fired powerplant ”Moorburg” in Hamburg. Apart from that Juliane Klan is involved in projects of fish tracking, by means of Telemetry and HDX transponder technology. She holds a Bachelor of Science in Biology (Berlin University 2010) and graduated in Marine Biology at the University of Rostock in 2012.Abstract: The detection of movement patterns of species in rivers can be realised by acoustic telemetry. From 2012 till 2013 a survey on migrating species by means of telemetry was conducted in the river Elbe focussing on following questions: How do successful upstream migrating fish behave after swimming through a fish pass? To what extend is a direct downstream migration taking place? The investigation area is located 30 km upstream the city of Hamburg in the 400 m width headwater of the weir Geesthacht. The migration barrier is equipped with a new double slot pass at the north bank and a natural like channel (since 1996) at the south. 6 anadromous (n=161) and 10 potamodromous (n=127) species were tagged with an acoustic transmitter after passing the fish ways successfully. Additionally a group of tagged Atlantic salmon smolts (n=76) were released 8 km upstream the weir. 21 hydrophones were installed along the river banks over a section of 4 km upstream the weir to detect the movement patterns of the released specimens. Very good redetection quotes were achieved: 68% of anadromous as well as 65% of potamodromous species and 95% of salmon smolts were redetected. Several typal behaviour patterns have been observed: No matter, if the tagged fish were released at the head of the old or the new fish pass, the upstream migrating anadromous specimens tend to follow the current flow to pass the investigation area very fast and in beeline. Also the salmon smolts migrated immediately in just 4 hours throughout the headwater and pass the weir. Not even local turbulences e.g. caused by a pumped storage plant could affect this movement patterns. In contrast potamodromous fish show a remarkable unsteady cruising behaviour and just onethird continued their upstream migration along the same river bank where they had been released
Practices of emancipation : an analysis of security, dialogue and change in post-war Vukovar
No full textThe thesis analyses the Croatian city of Vukovar as a way of animating theoretical
debates about the relationship between security, emancipation and practice. It claims
that emancipation must be understood through experiences of security and insecurity
as they are lived.
Located in security studies, it begins with a critical reading of the Welsh School.
Ken Booth's original move to associate security with emancipation opened up new
possibilities for reimagining the field and for practicing security, but subsequent
developments orientated the security as emancipation move towards closure. A
genuinely open way of exploring this move is the context of Andrew Linklater's
adaptation of Habermasian discourse ethics. In this way an engagement between
Booth and Linklater is opened which runs throughout the thesis.
The second part introduces Vukovar. It details the violence of late-1991 seen in the
city, and outlines how the emergence of Croatian democracy represents a form of
settlement. Yet patterns of memorialisation and reconstruction in Vukovar entrench
a pro-Croat narrative of settlement at the expense of non-Croats who are unjustly
excluded. Furthermore, interviews with leaders of local civil society, religious and
political groups suggest that difference and contestation, rather than settlement,
characterise the post-war period in Vukovar.
The third part presents an analysis of the emancipatory practices which take place
within the local context of contestation. Interviews with NGOs in Vukovar support
Booth's emphasis on civil society groups as agents of emancipation. Subsequent
interviews challenge his view in important ways as the human limits of emancipatory
practices are revealed. However, even when such limitations are taken into account,
certain civil society practices show how Booth and Linklater's respective
understandings of emancipatory practice are played out in what are termed microdialogic
communities. These alternative dialogues open new spaces and allow
dominant understandings of the war to be challenged
The vesicle transfer ("trans secretion") of membrane components to bovine epididymal sperm
No full textBei der Passage durch den männlichen Reproduktionstrakt interagieren Spermatozoen mit Faktoren, die u.a. vom Nebenhoden sezerniert werden. Die daraus resultierende Modifikation der Spermatozoen ist essentiell für die Ausreifung zu voll funktionsfähigen Keimzellen. Bei der Ausdifferenzierung im Nebenhoden spielen vermutlich u. a. auch die Epididymosomen (apokrin sekretierte Nebenhodenvesikel) eine wichtige Rolle. In vorausgehenden Untersuchungen unserer Arbeitsgruppe konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich die Plasmamembran-Ca2+-ATPase Isoform 4 (PMCA4) Spleißvarianten-Ausstattung in der Membran von Bullenspermien von PMCA4b in Caputspermien zu PMCA4a in Caudaspermien ändert. Zudem nahm auch die Ca2+-ATPase Aktivität der Spermien während der Passage durch den Nebenhoden signifikant zu. Die Möglichkeit eines Transfers der PMCA4a von Epididymosomen auf Spermien wurde postuliert (Sanchez-Luengo et al. 2004,Brandenburger et al. 2011).
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die fusogene Eigenschaft boviner Epididymosomen näher zu untersuchen. Dafür wurden Nebenhodenvesikel aus den verschiedenen Nebenhodenabschnitten isoliert und sowohl morphologisch, als auch biochemisch charakterisiert. Weiterhin wurde der vesikuläre Transfer von Membrankomponenten (Lipide, Proteine) und speziell der potentielle Transfer der PMCA auf bovine Nebenhodenspermien untersucht. Elektronenmikroskopische ntersuchungen zeigten, dass Cauda Epididymosomen größer sind als Caput Epididymosomen. Lipidanalysen von Caput- und Cauda Epididymosomen belegten eine Zunahme des Cholesterin/Phospholipid-Verhältnisses bei einer Abnahme der Cholesterol- und der Phospholipidkonzentration. Hauptanteilig konnten die Phospholipide Phosphatidyethanolamin (PE), Phosphatidylcholin (PC) und Sphingomyelin(SM) nachgewiesen werden, wobei sich der Gehalt in Caput- und Cauda
Epididymosomen nicht signifikant veränderte. Bei der Proteinanalyse spezialisierte sich die Autorin auf die PMCA. Mittels Westernblot-Analysen konnte gezeigt werden, dass in Cauda Vesikeln mehr PMCA4a nachzuweisen war als in Caput Vesikeln. Auch die Ca2+-ATPase Aktivität stieg von Caput- zu Cauda Epididymosomen signifikant an. Um in in vitro Experimenten die fusogene Eigenschaft der Epididymosomen mit Spermien zu untersuchen, wurden bovine Epididymosomen mit dem Fluoreszenzfarbstoff Octadecylrhodamin B (R18) markiert. Für Caputspermien konnte eine höhere Fusionsrate als für Caudaspermien nachgewiesen werden. Der für die Fusion optimale pH lag dabei im sauren Bereich (pH 5 - 6). Lipidanalysen von Nebenhodenspermien belegten eine Abnahme des
Cholesterin/Phospholipid-Verhältnisses von Caput- zu Caudaspermien. Dies konnte auch nach in vitro Fusion von Caputspermien mit Epididymosomen erzielt werden. Daher wird postuliert, dass diese Veränderungen ein Ergebnis aus der Interaktion der Spermien mit den Epididymosomen sind. In vivo konnte in Spermien eine Abnahme von PE, PC und SM im Verlauf des Nebenhodentraktes dokumentiert werden, die jedoch in vitro nicht nachgeahmt werden konnte. Nach Markierung der Epididymosomen mit Biotin konnte eine Übertragung Biotin-markierter Proteine von Epididymosomen auf die Nebenhodenspermienmembran mittels in vitro Fusion gezeigt werden. Die Ca2+-ATPase-Aktivität nahm zwar signifikant nach in vitro Fusion von Epididymosomen mit Nebenhodenspermien zu, ob aber auch die PMCA4a übertragen wird, konnte mittels Immunhistologie nicht abschließend geklärt werden, da der Antikörper gegen die Spleißvariante PMCA4a auf Spermienausstrichen unzureichend färbte. Lediglich mit dem Antikörper gegen
PMCA4 konnte eine leichte Fluoreszenzzunahme im Mittelstück dokumentiert werden, die auf eine Übertragung hindeuten könnte. Weiterhin konnte in vorausgehenden Untersuchungen unserer Arbeitsgruppe gezeigt werden, dass die Ca2+-ATPase Aktivität in Nebenhodenspermien organspezifisch (z.B. keine signifikante Stimulation in Herz und Niere) durch das Bläschendrüsenprotein PDC-109 signifikant stimuliert werden kann (Sanchez-Luengo et al. 2004). Diese Stimulation konnte in der vorliegenden Arbeit auch für Epididymosomen und Spermien nach in vitro Fusion dokumentiert werden. Es ist bekannt, dass PDC-109 an Phospholipide bindet und auch die Aktivität der PMCA durch Phospholipide beeinflusst werden kann. Weitere Untersuchungen müssen zeigen, ob es einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Lipidveränderung und der erhöhten Ca2+-ATPase Aktivität in Spermien nach der Fusion gibt.
Zusammenfassend führt die Transsekretion (Zell-zu-Zelltransfer) zwischen Epididymosomen und Spermien zur Übertragung von Lipiden und Proteinen mit Einfluss auf die Ca2+-ATPase-Aktivität.During the passage through the male reproduction tract spermatozoa interact with factors, which amongst others are released from the epididymis. The outcome of the spermatozoa modification is essential for the maturation to full functional germ cells. During the differentiation in the epididymis the epididymosomes (apocrin secreted epididymal vesicles) play a crucial role. Previous work of our group demonstrated a switch of the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase isoform 4 (PMCA4) splice variants from PMCA4b in bovine caput spermatozoa membrane to PMCA4a in bovine cauda spermatozoa membrane. In addition the Ca2+-ATPase activity of spermatozoa increased significantly during the transit through the epididymidis. The possibility of a transfer of PMCA4a from epididymosomes to spermatozoa was postulated (Sanchez-Luengo et al. 2004, Brandenburger et al. 2011). The aim of the present study was analyze the fusogen properties of epididymosomes closely. Therefore, epididymal vesicles were isolated from different epididymal regions. After this, epididymosomes were characterized morphologically as well as biochemically. Furthermore, the vesicle transfer of membrane components (lipids, proteins) was analyzed, especially the potential transfer of PMCA to bovine epididymal spermatozoa. Electron microscopical analyses showed, that cauda epididymosomes are greater than caput epididymosomes. Lipid analyses of caput and cauda epididymosomes proved an increase of the cholesterol/phospholipid rate with a decrease of cholesterol and phospholipid concentration. The phospholipids Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and Sphingomyeline(SM) were predominantly detected, whereby the concentration in caput and cauda epididymosomes was not significantly modified. For protein analyses, the author focused on PMCA. By means of Westernblot analyses, it could be shown, that cauda vesicles exhibit more PMCA4a than caput vesicles. Also the Ca2+-ATPase activity increased significantly from caput to cauda epididymosomes. To determine in in vitro experiments, the fusogen properties of bovine epididymosomes with spermatozoa, bovine epididymosomes were labeled with the fluorescent dye Octadecylrhodamin B (R18). Caput spermatozoa showed a higher fusion rate than cauda spermatozoa. The optimal pH value for the fusion was in the acid area (pH 5 - 6). Lipid analyses of epididymal spermatozoa proved a decrease of the cholesterol/phospholipid rate from caput to cauda spermatozoa. This could also be achieved after in vitro fusion of caput spermatozoa with epididymosomes. Therefore, it is postulated, that this modification is a result of the interaction from spermatozoa with epididymosomes. In vivo it was documented that the concentration of PE, PC and SM decreased in spermatozoa during passing through the epididymis, whereby in vitro no alterations were etermined. After labeling the epididymosomes with Biotin, a transfer of biotin-labeled proteins of epididymosomes on epididymal spermatozoa membrane could be shown by in vitro fusion. In fact the Ca2+-ATPase activity increased significantly after in vitro fusion of epididymosomes with spermatozoa. Nevertheless, transfer of PMCA4a could not be clarified definitively by immuncytology, because the antibody against PMCA4a reacted deficient on spermatozoa smear. Using the antibody against PMCA4 a slight increase of fluorescence was shown in the middle piece of spermatozoa tail. Furthermore, previous work of our group showed that the Ca2+-ATPase activity of epididymal spermatozoa is stimulated organ-specific by the seminal vesicle major protein PDC-109 respectively (no significant stimulation in heart and kidney) (Sanchez-Luengo et al. 2004). In this study, this stimulation could also be documented for epididymosomes and spermatozoa after in vitro fusion. It is well-known that PDC-109 binds on phospholipids and that the PMCA activity can be affected by phospholipids. Further analyses have to display potential correlation between lipid modification and the increase of Ca2+-ATPase activity in spermatozoa after in vitro fusion.
In summary, the trans secretion (cell-to-cell transfer) between epididymosomes and spermatozoa resulted in a disposition of lipids and proteins with influencing Ca2+-ATPase-activity
Kooperativitätseffekte in multivalenten Kronenether/Ammonium-Komplexen
No full textAcknowledgements Abstract Kurzzusammenfassung 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical
background 2.1 Host–guest complexes 2.1.1 The crown ether/ammonium binding
motif 2.1.2 Solvent effects 2.1.3 Counterion effects 2.2 Multivalency 2.3
Cooperative effects in multivalent systems 2.3.1 Allosteric cooperativity
2.3.2 Chelate cooperativity 2.3.3 Interannular cooperativity 2.3.4 The double
mutant cycle analysis 2.3.5 Statistical factors 2.4 Isothermal titration
calorimetry 3 Published work 3.1 Theoretical and experimental investigation of
crown/ammonium complexes in solution 3.1.1 Project summary 3.1.2 Author
contributions 3.2 Allosteric and chelate cooperativity in divalent crown
ether/ammonium complexes with strong binding enhancement 3.2.1 Project summary
3.2.2 Author contributions 3.3 Thermodynamic analysis of allosteric and
chelate cooperativity in di- and trivalent ammonium/crown-ether
pseudorotaxanes 3.3.1 Project summary 3.3.2 Author contributions 3.4 The
delicate balance of preorganisation and adaptability in multiply bonded
host–guest complexes 3.4.1 Project summary 3.4.2 Author contributions 3.5
Gating the photochromism of an azobenzene by strong host–guest interactions in
a divalent pseudo[2]rotaxane 3.5.1 Project summary 3.5.2 Author contributions
3.6 Discrete multiporphyrin pseudorotaxane assemblies from di- and tetravalent
porphyrin building blocks 3.6.1 Project summary 3.6.2 Author contributions 4
Conclusion Bibliography Appendix A.1 J. Comput. Chem. 2016, 37 (1), 18–24 A.2
Chem.—Eur. J. 2016, 22 (43), 15475–15484 A.3 Org. Lett. 2015, 17 (20),
5076–5079 A.4 Chem.—Eur. J. 2017, 23 (12), 2877–2883 A.5 Chem. Commun. 2015,
51 (48), 9777–9780 A.6 Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11 (4), 748–762Multivalency is a molecular organisation principle to generate strong and
reversible intermolecular interactions. Generally speaking, there are two
opposing design principles for constructing synthetic multivalent systems: the
first exploits rigid and preorganised building blocks to reduce the entropic
penalty of the binding event. Although widely used in supramolecular
chemistry, such rigid complexes are sensitive to small geometric mismatches.
The second concept—often found in nature—avoids this sensitivity by
implementing adaptable, more flexible building blocks. At present, it remains
unclear as to which approach leads to more stable multivalent interactions.
Decoupling the multivalent association amplification into its component
parts—allosteric and chelate cooperativity—can elucidate the operating
principles behind the multivalent interaction, the impacts of structural
flexibility, and promote a better understanding of the effect. In turn, a
deeper understanding of these effects can inform a general “toolkit” for
tuning multivalent interactions towards specific applications. To address both
questions regarding the general mechanisms governing the multivalency effect
and the adaptability–preorganisation dichotomy, we investigated the
cooperative effects in crown ether/ammonium assemblies with varying numbers of
binding sites and different spacer lengths and flexibilities. The
thermodynamic analysis by isothermal titration calorimetry was complemented by
density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. The
combined approach revealed a number of effects operating in the systems. The
ion-pairing between ammonium guests and their respective counterions strongly
affects allosteric cooperativity in the guests. This is counterbalanced by the
polarity of the chosen solvent. In the hosts, polarisable π-systems cause
negative allosteric cooperativities. As expected, small geometric mismatches
in rigid systems cause a significant drop in chelate cooperativity. The
flexible guests are less affected by geometric mismatches and, surprisingly,
generally exceed the more rigid structures in chelate cooperativity. The
ability of flexible spacers to correct for small geometric mismatches between
host and guest overcomes the entropic penalty incurred through conformational
restriction during binding. Moreover, favourable secondary spacer–spacer
interactions surpass any entropic penalty. A delicate balance between
preorganisation and adaptability is at play when multiply bonded structures
are concerned. From these findings, we derived our general toolkit: adaptable,
complementary systems are preferable over rigid preorganised systems with
respect to strong, reliably working multivalent interactions. Using our newly
developed toolkit, we demonstrate the successful tuning of a photoswitch.
Furthermore, we applied our design principle to program the self assembly of
di- and tetravalent porphyrin-based crown ether and ammonium building blocks
into discrete assemblies. The rigidity of the porphyrin scaffold is necessary
for complementarity and directionality of the interactions and rotational
flexibility between porphyrin scaffold and binding sites for correction of
possible mismatches. These and similar structures are promising building
blocks for the construction of more complex assemblies inheriting function in
the future.Durch Multivalenz können auf molekularer Ebene starke und dennoch reversible
Wechselwirkungen erzeugt werden. Dabei gibt es zwei gegensätzliche Ansätze, um
dieses molekulare Organisationsprinzip zu optimieren: Im ersten Ansatz wird
versucht, den Entropieverlust zu minimieren, der aus der Einschränkung der
konformellen Freiheitsgrade im gebundenen Zustand herrührt. Dafür werden
starre, vororganisierte Grundbausteine verwendet, welche bereits im
ungebundenen Zustand wenig konformelle Freiheitsgrade besitzen. Sie haben
jedoch den Nachteil, dass bereits kleine geometrische Unstimmigkeiten zwischen
den Bindungspartnern ungünstige Spannungen im Komplex hervorrufen. Der zweite
Ansatz versucht, diese Spannungen durch flexiblere, anpassungsfähige
Grundbausteine zu umgehen. Viele Systeme in der Natur verwenden dieses zweite
Konzept. In der supramolekularen Chemie ist jedoch das erste Konzept
verbreitet. Die Untersuchung der kooperativen Effekte (allosterische und
Chelatkooperativität) in einem multivalenten System kann Aufschluss darüber
geben, welcher der beiden Ansätze zuverlässiger ist. Außerdem können Hinweise
auf die Mechanismen, die der multivalenten Bindungsverstärkung zugrunde
liegen, gewonnen werden. Um beide Fragestellungen anzugehen, wurden die
kooperativen Effekte in Kronenether/ Ammonium-Komplexen abhängig von
Flexibilität und Länge des Gastbausteins untersucht. Die thermodynamische
Untersuchung mit isothermer Titrationskalorimetrie wurde durch
Dichtefunktionaltheorie- und Moleküldynamikrechnungen ergänzt. Diese
Untersuchungen deckten ein komplexes Zusammenspiel von Lösungsmittel- und
kooperativen Effekten auf. Die allosterische Kooperativität in den
Gastmolekülen wird hauptsächlich von der lösungsmittelabhängigen
Ionenpaarbildung zu ihren Gegenionen hervorgerufen. In den Wirtmolekülen wird
negative allosterische Kooperativität durch die Polarisierbarkeit ihrer
π-Systeme verursacht. Die Chelatkooperativität in Komplexen mit flexiblen
Gaststrukturen ist im Gegensatz zu den starren weitgehend unabhängig von
strukturellen Unstimmigkeiten zwischen Wirt- und Gastmolekülen.
Überraschenderweise haben Komplexe mit flexiblen Gaststrukturen generell
höhere Chelatkooperativitäten als die mit starren. Die Anpassungsfähigkeit der
flexiblen Strukturen scheint die Chelatkooperativität positiv zu beeinflussen.
Dabei werden die durch die multivalente Bindung hervorgerufenen
Entropieverluste kompensiert. Hinzu kommen enthalpisch günstige sekundäre
Wechselwirkungen der Verknüpfungsstrukturen (spacer) zwischen den einzelnen
Bindungsstellen. In multivalenten Systemen herrscht ein fragiles Gleichgewicht
zwischen Anpassungsfähigkeit und Vororganisation. Für die Entwicklung eines
verlässlich funktionierenden multivalenten Systems sollten komplementäre,
anpassungsfähige Strukturen bevorzugt eingesetzt werden. Mithilfe dieser
Erkenntnisse konnten wir eine supramolekulare, multivalente Wechselwirkung
nutzen, um die Funktion eines Photoschalters zu steuern. Die erworbenen
Kenntnisse zum Anpassungsfähigkeits/Vororganisations-Gleichgewicht
ermöglichten es uns, die Selbstanordnung (self-assembly) von di- und
tetravalenten Kronenether und Ammoniumbausteinen erfolgreich zu programmieren.
Diese Strukturen sind vielversprechende Vorläufer für eine künftige Anwendung
im Aufbau komplexerer Strukturen mit funktionalen Eigenschaften
Caesarean sections on request: Perceptions and positions (1996-2008)
No full textThis thesis examines perceptions of caesarean sections on request from the mid-1990s to 2008, and in particular the meaning of the term and how this mode of delivery has affected doctors’ practice, as well as the opinions of expectant mothers. Within the field of obstetrics, caesareans on request represent a highly relevant issue, not only because a quarter of all births are currently by caesarean delivery. However, despite its relevance, this topic has not yet been the subject of substantial academic research.
Caesareans on maternal request refer to caesareans with no clinical indications and thus no obvious medical justification – this fact in particular has stirred the medical world as well as evoking disputes among pregnant women. By exploring the views of medical professionals and mothers-to-be, this thesis uses an interdisciplinary approach, combining aspects of medical history and the social sciences. Furthermore, it goes beyond the clinical perspective by researching popular scientific publications, such as advice books and even debates on online forums.
The phenomenon of caesareans on request suggests a change in indications, as well as a shift from caesarean delivery as an emergency intervention to a viable option. It involves an interaction between patient autonomy, risk assessment and prevention; furthermore, obstetric behaviour and changes in medical attitudes have played their part in providing the grounds for making maternal choice possible
Crafting the "Common Will." The IGC 1996 from an Austrian Perspective. IHS Political Science Series No. 52, December 1997
No full textThe paper analyses the negotiations that took place in the framework of the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) 1996/97 leading to the modification and amendment of the founding treaties of the European communities. Taking the Austrian case as an example the interaction between the various actors at the national and the international level is reconstructed. The author criticises the “intergovernmental approach” to the analysis of decision making mechanisms in the EU showing that the negotiations did not follow the logic of state power and multilateral bargaining but a “logic of mutual adaptation of expectations and positions”. The IGC 1996/97 exemplifies the ongoing institutionalisation of peculiar decision making procedures and the proliferation of working methods that were developed in the various arenas of European negotiations. A key element of these methods is the importance of mediating roles like the role played by the Council presidency during the IGC. It is argued that the Amsterdam Treaty represents some sort of a “common will” rather than a diplomatic bargain between sovereign states. This is due to the particular setting of the IGC 1996/97 and organisational arrangements that undermine the boundaries between the intergovernmental and the supranational, the national and the international arena, between international and domestic negotiations, and between the national and the European interest
Quality of Life and Health Metrics in Young Children at Genetic Risk for Speech and Language Disorder and their Parents: Broad and longitudinal effects of a proactive intervention, the Babble Boot Camp
No full textabstract: The objective of this study was to examine the quality of life health metrics of parents whose children were diagnosed with Classic Galactosemia and underwent a proactive treatment program. The data analyzed in this study came from the Babble Boot Camp©, which included one control family and nine treatment families. The Babble Boot Camp© is an innovative intervention program that is implemented via parent training. Child progress and parent quality of life are closely monitored in regular intervals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the intervention was successful in terms of child language growth, how the child’s progress affected the parent’s quality of life, and if there were differences in the psychological and physical health of the mothers and fathers. We utilized a variety of questionnaires, specifically the Ages and Stages Questionnaires- 3 (ASQ3) (Squires & Bricker, 2009), Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Questionnaire (Varni, 1998), Parental Stress Index (PSI-4) (Abidin 2012) and the MacArthur CDI Questionnaire (MBCDI2) (Fenson et al., 2007). The three main findings of this study are: the BBC© treatment protocol showed beneficial gain to the children, the development of the child did affect the parent’s quality of life, and the mother’s physical health was significantly worse than the father’s in terms of health metrics. The significance of this study is to identify preliminary trends in quality of life data of the parents. Clinical implications for the future include investigation of various possible factors driving the improvement of the parent’s quality of life
Introspective data and corpus data : combination instead of confrontation in the study of German metaphorical idioms of life
No full textThis paper examines the applicability of the combination of data types in a study of German idioms of life with the tools of cognitive metaphor theory. The data sources for conceptual metaphors were mainly metaphors found in the relevant literature. These metaphors are of introspective nature to a great extent. The primary data sources for metaphorical expressions were dictionaries that represent introspective data, too. These data have been complemented by corpus data. The paper discusses the problems of introspective and corpus data raised by the study of German idioms of life. Two case studies demonstrate the advantages of the combination of data and methods
Etnicidade e trabalho alemão :: outros usos e outros produtos do labor humano /
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
