47 research outputs found
Produção/reprodução e transformação do comportamento alcoolista nos contextos culturais da família e do trabalho /
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde.A presente dissertação de mestrado trata de uma investigação realizada a partir dos resultados obtidos na Prática Assistencial, quando foi oferecida, a três famílias de servidores alcoolistas, uma modalidade de assistência de enfermagem pautada na Teoria Sistêmica de Família e na Teoria de Leininger. Buscando ampliar e complementar os dados obtidos, foi elaborado um projeto que deu origem a este estudo, o qual tem por objetivos: analisar as influências do contexto do trabalho na produção/reprodução e transformação do comportamento alcoolista; analisar os nexos entre a produção/reprodução e transformação do comportamento alcoolista no contexto do trabalho e da família e propor alternativas para a transformação do comportamento alcoolista no trabalho, mediante as potencialidades identificadas na família e no trabalho. Este é um estudo exploratório, qualitativo, realizado com três funcionários alcoolistas da UFSM (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria) vinculados às famílias anteriormente pesquisadas. A metodologia constitui-se na análise de fichas funcionais, observação participante no ambiente de trabalho e entrevista com chefias, quando necessário. Após a etapa de coleta de dados, foi possível analisar os nexos entre o comportamento alcoolista na família e o comportamento alcoolista no trabalho. Identificar a produção/reprodução do comportamento alcoolista no contexto do trabalho viabilizou a sinalização de uma proposta de transformação, para a qual aponto indicadores de mudanças; e também reconheço a necessidade de espaços para desenvolver um trabalho integrado entre os serviços que tratam o alcoolismo, principalmente ao nível institucional, no qual me incluo, na tentativa de buscar outras maneiras de investir em mudanças gradativas do comportamento alcoolista
Simulation of bacteria interaction networks: from topology to species abundances
No full textBackground: Microorganisms frequently coexist and establish complex relationships within their environments. Recent advancements in high-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing techniques have significantly improved our capacity to explore the factors that influence bacterial community organization. However, despite the development of numerous inference methods, the lack of a well-established biological truth presents challenges in validating the obtained results. Therefore, in-silico solutions are critical for simulating realistic gold standards. Methods: We introduce N2SIMBA, a modular algorithmic approach that begins with a known weighted and directed network topology, which is assumed to represent the true nature of microbial interactions. This network serves as a foundation to generate the rules of a Microbial Consumer Resource Model (MiCRM) based on the framework established by Goldford et al. (2018). This model describes the bacterial community characterized by these interactions through a set of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The subsequent sequencing process is simulated using metaSPARSim as described by Patuzzi et al. (2019). Results: N2SIMBA forms the core component of a systematic framework that allows for the assumption of a gold standard bacterial interaction network and enables the simulation of bacterial community evolution driven by these interactions under varying environmental conditions. The results indicate that, in a resource-rich environment, the bacterial community stabilizes to a relative count distribution similar to the topology of the assumed bacteria interaction network, thereby promoting community resilience and growth. Conversely, a resource-poor environment limits the survival of species the survival of species to those that are highly interconnected within the assumed interaction network. Conclusions: N2SIMBA significantly enhances our understanding of bacterial community organization, providing valuable tools for investigating hypotheses in-silico and evaluating methodologies for inferring bacterial interactions
Food Television Discourse: A cross-cultural diachronic approach
No full textThis study initially arose from the general interest of the author in food, perceived as a deeply-rooted culture-bound aspect of society and hence a potential ‘culture bump’ in cross-cultural communication and translation practices. Modern society is undergoing dramatic changes in the field of nutrition and culinary discourse, as mirrored in the extensive coverage of food topics in the media. Driven by stark economic and social changes that have occurred in European society from the 1950s on-wards, the role of food and food-related practices have gradually freed themselves from their function of mere sustenance, and have taken on many new dimensions, so much so that food consumption has acquired the proportion of a cultural movement and a fashion trend. This is even more strikingly so in a country like Britain, where the average citizen used to have little interest in food and healthy eating, but is now apparently a nation of food experts (Chiaro 2008; 2012). Chefs have achieved the popularity of superstars, as perhaps only pop singers and actors had done in the past. This can be easily explained if we accept that in the new millennium food has become a lifestyle and today Britain is still one of the largest exporters of television celebrity chefs. Moreover, thanks to major technological advances, today’s television consumers have unprecedented choice in terms of television content they can access. Audiences can decide when where and with which translation mode they can watch their preferred TV content. TV viewers can use social media platforms to comment upon, share or even produce media content.
This book investigates food television looking at the intersections between language, culture and television over time and from a cross-cultural perspective. By addressing the diachronic evolution of mainly British and Italian television cookery programmes, from the early days of television to the so-called ‘noughties’ (the 2000s) and up to present day, this book seeks to demonstrate that it is not by chance that Britain has long been one of the strongest exporters of food television discourse and that Italy has absorbed and integrated into its television system many of the programmes and formats of Anglophone cookery culture and tradition.
This volume provides a guide to the features, language and cultural issues involved in televised food-related programmes and looks at their diachronic evolution in connection to the technological and industrial evolution of the medium. The suggestions provided in this book will hopefully appeal to a wide cross-section of scholars and postgraduates in the fields of linguistics, media and food studies as well as screen translation and allow them to look at what are considered unpretentious products, but which are in fact, complex, multi-layered, multifaceted “cultural gateways”
Il ruolo delle comunità nella documentazione digitale e preservazione dello scenario urbano storico: una proposta di approccio inclusivo
No full textThe essay describes an approach developed by the author in different international realities in order to make communities aware of the importance of digital documentation and preservation of historical agglomerations, constituted prevalently by vernacular architectures of very high sociocultural value.
With this purpose in mind, the concept of historic urban landscape is introduced, which identifies the whole territorial context it is set in, thus going well beyond the simple definition of historic centre and leading to the determination of an ensemble composed of characteristic features such as patterns, spatial organisation, visual relations.
Interventions of contemporary architecture at world level, have undermined the urban scenario of many historic sites, marring them with projects out of scale and of dubious quality, for the last two decades.
The text deals with the suggestions arisen from years of educational research conducted in extremely lively and mutable environments such as the historic centres of some Asian Countries, with an in-depth study on the case of the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. In order to treat this topic the paper presents the feedback results of awareness raising projects developed in different historic centres, including academic cooperation, involvement of professors, researchers, local authorities, professionals and young intellectuals.
The research stressed the importance of different visions on the documentation and representation of cultural heritage, which acquires different meanings based on local culture and traditions, in order to define future directions, low cost methodologies and working tools in the field of education for the conservation and enhancement of the historic fabric.
The digitalisation techniques, also shared with a less specialised audience, were essential tools for setting up a methodology capable of meeting the main requirements of knowledge and comprehension.
The activities and experimentations carried out have identified functional methods for the analysis, representation and diagnostics of vernacular contexts, demonstrating the potential of interdisciplinary activities implemented in fragile but at the same time extremely stimulating environments.
The involvement of local communities showed to be a conditio sine qua non to achieve the objective of a shared and more aware preservation of the historic urban landscape
‘Acupuncture of Awareness’: a possible path for vernacular heritage preservation
No full text[EN] The essay describes an approach developed by the author in various international contexts (India, Iran and Brazil) to raise awareness in the community of the importance of documenting and preserving historic areas, comprising mainly vernacular architecture with a very high sociocultural value. Over the last two–three decades, contemporary architectural interventions have undermined the urban setting of many vernacular sites, disfiguring them with out-of-scale projects of questionable quality, transforming traditional spaces and hybridizing historic materials. This article discusses ideas that arose from several years of research and educational projects in extremely dynamic and changing environments such as those of the historic centres of various developing countries. It presents the effects of awareness-raising projects conducted collaboratively in several historic centres by professors, researchers, local authorities, professionals, young scholars and residents. The research underlined the importance of different perspectives on the documentation and representation of cultural heritage–the meaning of which depends on local culture and traditions–in identifying future developments, low-cost methodologies and working tools in the field of education for preserving and enhancing vernacular heritage. Digitization techniques, which were also shared with a less specialized public, played an essential role in establishing a methodology capable of meeting the main knowledge and understanding needs at different levels of depth. The activities conducted and experimental methods applied identified operational processes for analysing, representing and diagnosing vernacular contexts, demonstrating the potential of interdisciplinary activities, including through the use of digital tools. The involvement of the local community proved to be a crucial issue in developing a more shared and conscious approach to preserving vernacular heritage.Rossato, L. (2022). ‘Acupuncture of Awareness’: a possible path for vernacular heritage preservation. En Proceedings HERITAGE 2022 - International Conference on Vernacular Heritage: Culture, People and Sustainability. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 647-654. https://doi.org/10.4995/HERITAGE2022.2022.15329OCS64765
Establishing drug utilisation research in regional North Queensland.
No full text[Extract] Quality Use of Medicines includes the safe and effective use of medicines, and is a core objective of the National Medicines Policy in Australia.
Dispensing data are collected by a government agency (Medicare) for administrative purposes, for reimbursement of the pharmacy where the medicine was supplied.
Prior to April 2012, dispensing data were limited to prescription medicines which exceeded the patient co-payment cost.
A proof-of-concept was initiated by the primary author (Kairuz) to develop a comprehensive dataset of local dispensing records. Collaboration with Pudmenzky and Rossato led to the development of software to extract and de-identify dispensing data.
A pilot study was conducted in collaboration with Fredericks in metropolitan South Queensland (Ethical approval UQ 2012000078)
Use and analysis of "Community Simulator", a software for the simulation of microbial communities
No full textopenIl lavoro di questa tesi si colloca nell’ambito degli studi sul microbiota, in particolare affronta le complesse interazioni che si instaurano tra i diversi membri di una comunità microbica e che ne determinano la sua organizzazione. Comprendere le relazioni tra le diverse specie microbiche presenti in uno specifico ambiente ha un risvolto significativo su vari aspetti della vita umana, tra cui lo stato stesso di salute dell’uomo. Sono ormai evidenti le enormi potenzialità che tali studi hanno in campo diagnostico e terapeutico. Negli ultimi decenni l’avvento delle tecnologie di Next-Generation Sequencing ha permesso di risalire alla composizione interna di una comunità microbica presente in un campione. I cosiddetti Big Data prodotti dal processo di sequenziamento possono essere analizzati attraverso innumerevoli metodi statistici e computazionali. In letteratura sono presenti diversi metodi di Reverse Engineering che, basandosi su approcci provenienti dalla teoria delle reti, cercano di ricavare la rete di interazioni tra le specie microbiche della comunità. La complessità di tale micro-mondo, costituito da un vasto numero di specie e risorse, non permette di osservare sperimentalmente la realtà biologica e quindi di validare in modo diretto le interazioni ricavate dai diversi metodi. Le simulazioni computazionali possono rappresentare un potente strumento per sopperire a tale mancanza.
L’obbiettivo di questo elaborato di tesi è di analizzare e utilizzare un simulatore di comunità microbiche, il Community Simulator [1], al fine di simulare una rete di interazioni microbiche che costituirà la realtà di base per valutare le performance dei diversi metodi di Reverse Engineering presenti in letteratura. Infatti, il presente lavoro rappresenta il primo step di una pipeline di simulazioni, in cui a partire dalla simulazione di una comunità microbica si arriva alla generazione di dati di sequenziamento sintetici. Attraverso il Community Simulator si vuole simulare una rete di interazioni tra specie microbiche, il più realistica possibile, e ottenere dati sull’abbondanza delle specie presenti nella comunità. In futuro tali dati si potranno dare in input ad un secondo simulatore, di nome metaSPARSim [2], il quale riproduce i processi di campionamento e successivo sequenziamento. Infine, dai dati di sequenziamento sintetici, si applicheranno alcuni dei metodi di Reverse Engineering. Attraverso un’analisi comparativa, tra le diverse reti da essi ottenute e la rete ’ground truth’ di partenza, si potranno valutarne le performance.
La tesi è composta da quattro capitoli.
Nel primo capitolo si introduce brevemente il complesso micro-mondo delle comunità microbiche.
Nel secondo capitolo si analizza uno specifico simulatore di comunità microbiche, il Community Simulator.
Nel terzo capitolo, a partire da alcuni parametri del modello matematico implementato nel simulatore, vengono definite matematicamente le interazioni tra le diverse specie microbiche di una comunità simulata. Tali definizioni sono state implementate in un metodo che permette di simulare delle reti di interazioni microbiche.
Nel quarto capitolo si riportano e analizzano le simulazioni effettuate utilizzando il simulatore e il nuovo metodo implementato
Recovery of modernist architecture in the Colombian Caribbean, through the rediscovery of architectural archives. The case of the domestic architecture of Miguel Farah Zakzuk
No full textThe present research aims to study the phenomenon of
modernism in the Caribbean region of Colombia through
architecture archives as documentation and tools of graphic
representation. Considering that this territory is home
to a large number of modernist works that continue to be
discovered today, thanks to recent publications that have
unveiled the work of authors who were instrumental in
modernizing the different cities of the Caribbean through
architecture, leaving a significant impact on the region.
Therefore, just as the modernist lessons of Colombian
and foreign masters have long been studied in major cities
such as Bogotá and Medellín, the intention is to also continue
this investigation into the Caribbean territory, where
new authors emerge, leaving behind an important modernist
architectural legacy and in some cases also a graphical
heritage. In this way, a research on the architecture of Miguel
Farah Zakzuk begins, who was one of the young architects
of the mid-20th century responsible for generating
a syncretic fusion between traditional language, tailored to
the specific conditions of the Caribbean tropics, and the
new emerging modern style of the time, which allowed
for new ways of conceiving and constructing architecture.
The rediscovery and consistent exploration of an unpublished
graphic archive containing part of the professional work
of the studied author, together with architectural surveys, elements
of graphic representation, and oral sources, allowed
the initiation of this investigative work where the design
methods of architect Miguel Farah are analyzed to conceive
the new architecture of the mid-20th century in Caribbean
cities, maintaining the essence of the tropical spirit in
his works, under the international style that was in full swing
Negative regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 signaling by IL-10-dependent microRNA-146b
No full textToll-like receptors (TLRs) play key roles in detecting pathogens and initiating inflammatory responses that, subsequently, prime specific adaptive responses. Several mechanisms control TLR activity to avoid excessive inflammation and consequent immunopathology, including the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Recently, several TLR-responsive microRNAs (miRs) have also been proposed as potential regulators of this signaling pathway, but their functional role during the inflammatory response still is incompletely understood. In this study, we report that, after LPS engagement, monocytes up-regulate miR- 146b via an IL-10-mediated STAT3-dependent loop. We show evidence thatmiR-146b modulates the TLR4 signaling pathway by direct targeting of multiple elements, including the LPS receptor TLR4 and the key adaptor/signaling proteinsmyeloid differentiation primary response (MyD88), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK-1), and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the enforced expression of miR-146b in human monocytes led to a significant reduction in the LPS-dependent production of several proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, CCL3, CCL2, CCL7, and CXCL10. Our results thus identify miR-146b as an IL-10-responsive miR with an anti-inflammatory activity based on multiple targeting of components of the TLR4 pathway in monocytes and candidate miR-146b as a molecular effector of the IL-10 anti-inflammatory activity
