169,974 research outputs found
The importance of marginal population hotspots of cold-adapted species for research on climate change and conservation
No full textAreas hosting hotspots of low-latitude marginal populations of cold-adapted plant species could be key areas for understanding geographical attributes that result in refugia during climatic shifts as well as the conservation of genetic diversity in the face of climate change. Low-latitude populations of cold-adapted plants are important because they may harbour the combination of alleles that foster persistence in a warmer climate. Consequently, identification of areas where arctic-alpine, circumpolar and circumboreal species reach the low-latitude ends of their distribution will present a unique opportunity to uncover processes that shaped current biogeographical patterns, as well as prepare for future scenarios. Here, we identify 35 main marginal population hotspots (19 and 16 areas in North America and Europe, respectively) of 183 plant taxa. These hotspots represent areas where southern marginal populations of cold-adapted species co-occur. The identification of hotspots was based on geographic overlap of southernmost locations of the target species, in a 50 × 50 km grid. With a threshold of two species in a single grid cell or in two contiguous cells, the analysis revealed that hotspots are in most cases located in the southern portion of major mountain chains. However, hotspots also occur in lowland areas at high latitudes (Fennoscandia, Alaska, Hudson Bay) which do not necessarily correspond to known cold- or warm-stage refugia (e.g. Alps). Rockies and Sierra Nevada both in California and Spain, Apennines, and the southern Scandes, maintain their hotspot status even with more stringent cut-off thresholds (>3 and >5 species per cell group). From a conservation point of view, our analysis reveals that only a small portion of the hotspots are currently included within protected areas. We discuss the importance of marginal population hotspots to future research on climate change and, finally, outline how conservation strategies can capitalize on the knowledge gained from studying climate change effects on cold-adapted plants
PERKEMBANGAN KELURAHAN LAPULU KECAMATAN ABELI KOTA KENDARI : 1980-2019
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Latar belakang terbentuknya Kelurahan Lapulu Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari (2) Perkembangan Kelurahan Lapulu Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah menurut Kuntowijoyo yang terdiri dari lima tahapan yaitu: (1) pemilihan Topik (2) Heuristik Sumber (3) Verifikasi Sumber (4) Interpretasi Sumber dan (5) Historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Terbentuknya Kelurahan Lapulu Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari berkaitan dengan perkembangan serta potensi yang dimiliki daerah ini. Lapulu pada awalnya merupakan sebuah desa yang terbentuk pada tahun 1965-1979. Setelah itu pada tahun 1980 terbentuklah Kelurahan Lapulu. Penduduk pertama Lapulu adalah suku Bugis dari Sulawesi Selatan yang mendiami bagian pesisir Pantai Lapulu. Suku ini tergolong ke dalam suku-suku Deutero Melayu. Terbentuknya Kelurahan Lapulu dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu: (a) Jumlah penduduk, (b) Luas wilayah, (c) Sosial budaya, dan (d) Sarana dan prasarana. (2) Tahap-Tahap Perkembangan Kelurahan Lapulu Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari: 1980-2019 yaitu mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan di bidang pendidikan, di bidang ekonomi, di bidang pemerintahan, dan bidang sarana dan prasaran
Enneapterygius abeli Klausewitz 1960
No full textEnneapterygius abeli (Klausewitz, 1960) Figs. 2 A, 5 A–C; table 1 Tripterygion abeli Klausewitz, 1960: 11, Figs. 1–2 (Al-Ghardaqa, Egypt, Red Sea). Helcogramma abeli: Lal Mohan, 1971: 222. Enneapterygius abeli: Clark, 1980: 97, Figs. 2 a, 2 b, 4 c, & 10; Holleman, 1986: 756, Fig. 236.2; 2005: 4–5, Fig. 2; Fricke, 1999: 468; Golani & Bogorodsky, 2010: 44. Diagnosis. Dorsal fins III + XI–XIII + 9–10 (usually III + XII + 10); anal fin I, 17–18 (usually 18 rays); pectoralfin 15: usually 3, 5, 7. LL 12–14 pored scales and 20–23 (usually 22) notched scales; longitudinal scale series 31; dentary pores 3 + 1 + 3 (Fig. 2 A). Head 3.2–3.8 in SL; eye 2.9–3.7 in head length. Nape partially scaled, abdomen without scales, single row of scales at base of caudal fin; supratemporal sensory canal crescent-shaped; supraorbital cirrus small and pointed; first dorsal fin about equal in height to second in males, lower in females. Fresh colour. Males with semi-translucent, deep yellow body, scale margins orange-red; head, chest, and base of pectoral and pelvic fins of males with numerous melanophores (entire head becomes black during courtship); eye with alternating brown and greenish bands; first dorsal-fin membranes white, suffused with yellow and with some melanophores along margin; second dorsal-fin membranes translucent with spines yellow and orange, some small melanophores in patches along margin; third dorsal fin similar with patches of small melanophores about half-way in from margin; caudal fin pale yellow and orange on rays; anal fin lemon yellow with orange spots at base of alternate rays; pectoral-fin rays deep yellow, membranes pale yellow; pelvic fins yellow with some black proximally and at base. Females: body translucent with scale margins orange-brown, forming irregular bars, darkest at caudal-fin base; head and nape brownish, snout and lower half of head white, dark brown stripe from upper lip to anterior margin of eye, vertical orange mark below eye, orange marks on opercle and pectoral-fin base; first dorsal fin greenish with two orange bars on first spine; second and third dorsal fins with oblique banding, colour on rays only, anal and pectoral-fin rays pale yellow, all fin membranes transparent. Colour underwater. Males semi-translucent greenish yellow, scale margins orange-brown, head with scattered melanophores to black, eye with orange-brown and green radii, all fins transparent, spines and rays of dorsal and caudal fins translucent, rays of anal and pectoral fins pale yellow, in moderate to faintly pigmented males a brown stripe from corner of eye to upper lip; females paler than males, top of head greenish and without melanophores, brown stripe from corner of eye to upper lip, head below eye white with cluster of orange spots below eye. Both males and females with vertebral column coloured in alternating brown and white, the white often quite bright. Key features. Low first dorsal fin, brown and green radii around eye, males with yellow body and melanophores on head to base of pectoral fins; females with yellow-green body, brown stripe on nose and orange bar below eye. Distribution. Known from the Red Sea, where it is common in the north, the east coast of Africa to as far south as KwaZulu-Natal, the Seychelles, southern Madagascar, Réunion and Mauritius, St Brandon Shoals and the Chagos Archipelago; common in some areas. Habitat. Shallow, sheltered waters, on hard corals. E. abeli are found on the upper part of coral reefs, usually along the reef margin in depths of about 1 m, often on corals covered by low algae. Found in bays or sheltered lagoons. E. abeli attains 25 mm SL. Material examined. Additional to that listed in Holleman 2005: SAIAB 88711 (5: 15–21 mm SL), Mangrove Bay, El Quseir (25.52 °N, 34.24 °E), collected S. Bogorodsky, 8 & 10 June 2008; SAIAB 88721 (18.1 mm SL), Abingdon Reef, Sudan (20.50 °N, 37.25 °E), depth 14 m, collected S. Bogorodsky, 15 October 2009.Published as part of Holleman, Wouter & Bogorodsky, Sergey V., 2012, A review of the blennioid fish family Tripterygiidae (Perciformes) in the Red Sea, with description of Enneapterygius qirmiz, and reinstatement of Enneapterygius altipinnis Clark, 1980, pp. 36-60 in Zootaxa 3152 on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27957
Large-scale heterogeneous cattle grazing affects plant diversity and forage value of Alpine species-rich Nardus pastures
No full textIn Europe, the decline in agriculture in traditional mountain farming areas has caused abandonment, or irregular grazing, of less accessible pastures. In the Italian Alps, we studied plant diversity, forage value and trophic traits in six large-scale heterogeneously grazed Nardus pastures, in their central and peripheral parts, and across the montane, lower and upper subalpine zones. Seventy cover-abundance floristic relevés were performed in randomly located permanent plots, half at the pasture edge (M-plots) and half in their central part (C-plots). Plant diversity varied significantly with respect to the distance from the edge, being higher in M-plots because of shrub invasion as a consequence of reduced cattle pressure. Nardus cover was slightly higher in C-plots and negatively related to plant diversity. Forage value was lower in M-plots and negatively correlated with the cover of Nardus and woody species, implying that different grazing pressure was negatively influencing sward productivity. Differences in trophic traits of swards between C- and M-plots existed mostly as trends. Forage value significantly decreased in the lower subalpine and montane pastures, which are further grazed in late summer. Heterogeneous grazing management was therefore exerting positive effects on plant diversity and negative effects on forage value. Results are discussed in the context of future management recommendations. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The ecology of the endemic quillwort Isoëtes malinverniana: From basic research to legal and in situ conservation
No full textScientific publications on the conservation of threatened species can drive practical conservation solutions for endangered species. Yet, a posteriori assessment of the impact of such publications is rarely seen in the scientific literature. The impact of two articles published in Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (AQC) on the conservation of the endangered quillwort Isoëtes malinverniana is assessed. The articles were the result of a 10-year study on the focal species that eventually led to the first reintroduction of I. malinverniana. The first article described the development of a cost-effective model for the selection of suitable reintroduction sites for the species. The second article provided a summary of the techniques used to reintroduce the species and included techniques of ex situ propagation, recipient site preparation, planting methods, and monitoring. This article reviews the practical conservation actions for I. malinverniana that followed the publication of two AQC papers and how they may affect research and conservation for other quillworts and aquatic macrophytes. The results were surprising and went well beyond the initial expectations of the authors. Both AQC publications stimulated the conservation of I. malinverniana from different points of view. They contributed by informing scientists and policymakers of the risk of extinction of this species, leading to the establishment of a new protected area in Piedmont (northern Italy). Our published data represent a sound starting point for funding opportunities in the context of the European Union LIFE programme. Further impacts include an expansion of knowledge on oligotrophic habitat management, the assessment of conservation status, and the education of the general public, with the last of these greatly enhanced by the two ex situ collections created in the botanic gardens of Tourin and Pavia. Interestingly, other authors are now using our approach in research and conservation on other endemic and endangered quillworts worldwide
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
IDENTIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN KERJA APARAT DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Abeli Kota Kendari)
No full textThe purpose of this study is expected to be useful for the development of the concept of quality public services in order to develop lecture material in the field of public administration, and also useful as a contribution of thought to the local government of Kendari City in the form of community service.The population in this study were 203 people, consisting of elements from the village and sub-district government officials and community elements who had received custody services in the last three months (April, May and June 2009). The sample size is calculated according to Yamne formula, by setting precision of 5% and a degree of trust of 95%, then the sample obtained by respondents is 158 people. The sampling of each element is based on a proportional formula then drawn by a simple random sampling technique from each element. Data collection/information, breastfeeding using questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis was performed using tabulation tools, percentages and averages, which were then interpreted to determine the level of influence of variable dimensions of the apparatus' ability on the variable quality of public services in the Abeli District of Kendari City.The results of this study indicate that the condition of the ability of government officials to work in public services in the Abeli District of Kendari City can be illustrated through 3 (three) basic dimensions of apparatus capacity, as follows: (b) Professional technical training possessed by apparatus is classified as high. (c) The work experience of the officers, in general, is less useful because their placement is not relevant to their work experience. With these conditions, the influence of the ability of government officials on the quality of public services in the Abeli District of Kendari City is generally low
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