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PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN AUDITORY INTELLECTUALLY REPETITION (AIR) UNTUK MENGATASI KESALAHAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL POKOK BAHASAN RELASI DAN FUNGSI KELAS VIII DI SMP ISLAM AL-MU’IEN TAHUN AJARAN 2013/2014
No full textPenerapan Pembelajaran Auditory Intellectually Repetition (AIR) Untuk
Mengatasi Kesalahan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Pokok Bahasan
Relasi dan Fungsi Kelas VIII di SMP Islam Al-Mu’ien Tahun Ajaran
2013/2014; Hasim Asari, 110210181008; 2014, 67 halaman; Program Studi
Pendidikan Matematika Jurusan Pendidikan MIPA Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu
Pendidikan Universitas Jember.
Berdasarkan informasi dan observasi dari guru di SMP Islam Al-Mu’ien,
siswa sering melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal materi relasi
fungsi antara lain kesalahan yang berhubungan dengan konsep misalnya kesalahan
siswa dalam membuat hubungan dua himpunan, menyatakan relasi atau fungsi dan
memberi nama hubungan dalam soal. Penyebabnya siswa tidak paham tentang
konsep relasi fungsi, perbedaan antara domain, kodomain, dan range, serta siswa
tidak cermat dalam memperhatikan gambar. Kesalahan lain yaitu dalam
menghitung karena siswa tidak teliti dalam menghitung dan kurang teliti dalam
memasangkan nilai peubah dengan nilai fungsi. Selain itu, siswa juga banyak
kesalahan dalam mensubsitusikan nilai. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena kurang
memahami konsep sehingga dalam penyelesaian masalah mengalami kesulitan.
Selain kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut, tidak menutup kemungkinan masih terdapat
kesalahan-kesalahan lain yang dilakukan siswa yang menyebabkan rendahnya
hasil belajar matematika.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mediskripsikan penerapan pembelajaran Aunditory
Intellectually repetition (AIR), mengetahui kecenderungan kesalahan yang
dilakukan siswa, dan mengetahui efektivitas Aunditory Intellectually repetition
(AIR) dalam mengatasi kesalahan siswa menyelesaikan soal pokok bahasan Relasi
Fungsi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Islam Al-Mu’ien tahun
ajaran 2013/2014, yang berjumlah 16 siswa.
Data yang diambil dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode tes,
wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dari hasil tes, yang dilakukan
setelah kegiatan pembelajaran, dikelompokkan berdasarkan jenis-jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa yang meliputi kesalahan penggunaan data, kesalahan
menafsirkan data, kesalahan penarikan kesimpulan, kesalahan teorema, kesalahan
simbol, kesalahan teknik, dan kesalahan lain.
Proses penelitian diawali mengumpulkan hasil tes-tes sebelumnya dari guru
matematika untuk mengetahui kecenderungan jenis kesalahan siswa sebelum
pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat diketahui analisis kesalahan
penggunaan data 11,25% , kesalahan menafsirkan data 25,00%, kesalahan
penarikan kesimpulan 15,00%, kesalahan teorema 6,25%, kesalahan simbol
21,75%, kesalahan teknik 7,5%, dan kesalahan lain 12,25%. Kesalahan yang
paling tinggi yaitu kesalahan menafsirkan data karena siswa kurang memahami
soal dan tidak bisa membedakan dua himpunan. Kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa
mengalami penurunan pada tes akhir relasi dengan rincian kesalahan penggunaan
data 10,94% , kesalahan menafsirkan data 18,75%, kesalahan penarikan
kesimpulan 14,06%, kesalahan teorema 4,69%, kesalahan simbol 20,31%,
kesalahan teknik 4,69%, dan kesalahan lain 0,00%. Kesalahan paling tinggi pada
penggunaan simbol yaitu dalam menuliskan himpunan pasangan berurutan(kurung
kurawal, tanda koma, dan kurung). Pada tes akhir fungsi, kesalahan yang
dilakukan siswa semakin berkurang. Persentase kesalahan penggunaan data
3,75%, kesalahan menafsirkan data 10,00%, kesalahan penarikan kesimpulan
12,50%, kesalahan simbol 6,25%, kesalahan teknik 3,75%, serta kesalahan lain
dan teorema 0,00%. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase kesalahan siswa
semakin berkurang dari siklus I ke siklus II.
Data hasil observasi dibedakan menurut aktivitas guru dan siswa. Untuk
aktivitas guru, pada siklus I rata-rata mencapai 85,50% dan meningkat pada siklus
II menjadi 93,35%. Hasil analisis data diperoleh bahwa keaktifan siswa selama
pembelajaran rata-rata sangat aktif, rata-rata keaktifan siswa pada tiap siklus yaitu
siklus I mencapai 72,5%, dan siklus II mencapai 90,00%.
Pada siklus I diperoleh persentase efektivitas pembelajaran AIR sebesar
32,48% dan termasuk kategori cukup efektif. Sedangkan pada siklus II efektivitas
pembelajaran AIR mencapai 26,92% dan termasuk dalam kategori efekti
PENGEMIS DAN MAKAM (Fenomena Pengemis di Makam Sunan Giri Kabupaten Gresik)
Get PDFAbstrak
Kemiskinan di perkotaan merupakan fenomena yang hampir ditemui di kota-kota besar di Indonesia. Masyarakat migran yang miskin tidak bisa memasuki kerja di sektor formal yang memiliki prasyarat tinggi. Melihat hal ini, akhirnya pilihan yang dianggap rasional agar dapat bertahan hidup ialah memasuki sektor informal. Salah satu pekerjaan pada sektor informal ialah menjadi pengemis. Pengemis merupakan individu yang bekerja dengan mengharap belas kasihan pada orang lain. Fokus penelitian ini ialah menjelaskan relasi antara pengemis dan makam. Serta motif sebab (because of motive) dan motif tujuan (in order to motive) individu memilih menjadi pengemis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Fenomenologi Schutz. Lokasi penelitian berada di Makam Sunan Giri Kabupaten Gresik. Subjek penelitian ini ialah Pengemis dewasa (berumah tangga) dan Lansia yang dipilih secara purposive berdasarkan lama mengemis, pengalaman dan cara memaknai mengemis. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pengumpulan data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan observasi partisipasi dan wawancara mendalam. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan dengan telaah dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengemis di Makam sunan Giri cenderung ‘dilindungi’ oleh security karena adanya ‘suap’ yang diberikan kepada security makam. Adapun Relasi pengemis dengan Makam Giri ialah: 1) Makam Giri dijadikan sebagai tempat mencari para (calon) dermawan dan 2) Dijadikan sebagai tempat melakukan ritual (ziarah kubur dan berdo’a). Adapun motif sebab (Because of Motive) yang mendasari individu menjadi pengemis karena: 1) faktor Pendidikan, 2) Faktor Sosial Budaya dan 3) faktor Ekonomi dan Keluarga. Sedangkan yang menjadi motif tujuan (in order to motive) pengemis ialah: 1) Tujuan Kontemporer (jangka pendek), 2) Tujuan Strategis (jangka panjang).
Kata Kunci: kemiskinan di perkotaan, pengemis, fenomenologi Alfred Schutz.
Abstract
Urban poverty is a phenomenom that almost encountered in major in indonesian cities. Migran communities poor can not enter employment in the formal sector who have high prerequisites. See this, ultimately the choice is considered to be rational in order to survive is to enter the informal sector. One of the jobs in the sector is to be a beggar. Beggars are individuals who work with the hope of mercy on others. The research focus of this study is to explain the relation beggars and tombs. As well as the motive causes (because of motive) and motive individuals (in order to motive) choosing to become beggars purposes. This research used a qualitative method with phenomenological approach Schutz. The research sites are in the tomb of the district Sunan Giri Gresik. This research subject is an adult beggars (married) and elderly purposive selected based on the old begging, and how to interpect the experience of begging. As for the collection techniquest using primary and secondary collection. Primary data collection is done by participant observer and in-depth interviews. While secondary data collection techniques done with the document review. The results of this study indicate that the beggar at the tomb of Giri tended to ‘protected’ by security because there is a ‘bribe’ given to the security tomb. As for relations with the tomb Giri beggars are: 1) the tomb Giri used as a serach for the (potential) generous and 2) tomb Giri serve as a place to perform the ritual (pilgrimage grave and pray). As for the motive because (because of motive) that underlie individual become beggars because : 1) education factor, 2) social and cultural factor, 3) economy and family factor. While the motive destination (in order to motive) of beggars is: 1). contemporary Objectives (short term), 2) Strategic objectives (long term).
Keywords: Urban Poverty, the beggars, phenomenology Alfred Schutz
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Inovasi Pelayanan Publik melalui Sistem Aplikasi Potensi Investasi (Siapi) di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Dumai
Get PDFPublic service is the government's responsibility to its citizens as mandated by the 1945 Constitution. One government agency that provides public services is the Department of Investment and One Stop Integrated Service, Dumai City. Dumai City DPMPTSP is aggressively making innovations to improve services. The innovation in question is the Investment Potential Application (SIAPI) for ease of investing. The purpose of this study was to determine how public service innovation through SIAPI in DPMPTSP Dumai City and the inhibiting factors that affect the implementation of SIAPI. This research uses Rogers' innovation theory which has five indicators, namely relative advantage, compability, complexity, triability, and observability. The type of research used is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Collecting data required both primary data and secondary data from the results of interviews, observation, documentation, then analyzed so that conclusions are drawn from the research problem. The finding of this research is that innovation has not been going well. Factors that hinder the adoption of SIAPI are socialization, half implemented, HR and budget
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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