1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
High availability using virtualization
Get PDFHigh availability has always been one of the main problems for a data center. Till
now high availability was achieved by host per host redundancy, a highly expensive method in
terms of hardware and human costs. A new approach to the problem can be offered by
virtualization. Using virtualization, it is possible to achieve a redundancy system for all the
services running on a data center. This new approach to high availability allows the running
virtual machines to be distributed over a small number of servers, by exploiting the features of
the virtualization layer: start, stop and move virtual machines between physical hosts. The 3RC
system is based on a finite state machine, providing the possibility to restart each virtual
machine over any physical host, or reinstall it from scratch. A complete infrastructure has been
developed to install operating system and middleware in a few minutes. To virtualize the main
servers of a data center, a new procedure has been developed to migrate physical to virtual
hosts. The whole Grid data center SNS-PISA is running at the moment in virtual environment
under the high availability system
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Studies on nVidia GPUs in parallel computing for Lattice QCD and Computational Fluid Dynamics applications
No full textOver the last 20 years, the computing revolution has created many social benefits. The computing energy and environmental footprint have grown, and as a consequence the energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important. The evolution toward an always-on connectivity is adding demands for efficient computing performances. The result is a strong market that pulls for technologies that improve processor performance while reducing energy use.
The improvements in energy performance have largely come as a side effect of the Moore’s law – the number of transistors on a chip doubles about every two years, thanks to an ever-smaller circuitry. An improvement in better performance and in energy efficiency is due to more transistors on a single computer, with less physical distance between them. In the last few years, however, the energy-related benefits resulting from the Moore’s law are slowing down, threatening future advances in computing. This is caused by the reaching of a physical limit in the miniaturization of transistors.
The industry’s answer to this problem for now are new processors architecture and more power-efficient technologies.
For decades, the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a computer has been the one designated to run general programming tasks, excelling at running computing instructions serially, and using a variety of complex techniques and algorithms in order to improve speed.
Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are specialized accelerators originally designed for painting millions of pixels simultaneously across a screen, doing this by performing parallel calculation using simpler architecture. In recent years the video game market developments compelled GPUs manufacturers to increase the floating-point calculation performance of their products, by far exceeding the performance of standard CPUs in floating point calculations. The architecture evolved toward programmable manycore chips that are designed to process in parallel massive amounts of data. These developments suggested the possibility of using GPUs in the field of High-Performance Computing (HPC) as low-cost substitutes of more traditional CPU-based architectures: nowadays such possibility is being fully exploited and GPUs represent an ongoing breakthrough for many computationally demanding scientific fields, providing consistent computing resources at relatively low cost, also in terms of power consumption (watts/flops). Due to their many-core architectures, with fast access to the on-board memory, GPUs are ideally suited for numerical tasks allowing for data parallelism, i.e., for Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) parallelization.
In this thesis, the parallel computing in Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (Lattice QCD or LQCD) and in Computing Fluid Dynamics (CFD) using multi-GPU systems is presented, highlighting the approach of the software in each case, and trying to understand how to build and how to exploit the next generation clusters for scientific computing.
In Chapter 1, the fundamentals of parallel computing are enunciated and a description of the hardware architecture of the main multiple-processor systems is provided.
The use of GPUs for general purpose parallel computing is presented in Chapter 2, comparing them to traditional CPUs. Moreover, a brief history of GPU devices is presented, highlighting the evolution from the ones exclusively dedicated to graphics applications to the DirectX 8 generation, the first that can be fully dedicated to general purpose applications.
In Chapter 3, the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) is described. This is a parallel computing platform and application programming interface (API) model created by nVidia, that allows software developers to use nVidia GPUs (the so called CUDA-enabled one) for general purpose processing.
Chapter 4 described the GPUs approach to the Lattice QCD field. Two different approaches to exploit GPU computing are presented – through CUDA and OpenACC – where an existing code has been adapted to fully take advantage of accelerator devices such as GPUs. Performances comparison is shown and the first studies for the implementation of complete simulation of a Lattice QCD code in a multi-GPUs system are presented. A different application field is analyzed in Chapter 5, where a multi-GPU system is tested and optimized for CFD purpose, using a proprietary software such as ANSYS Fluent
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
