186 research outputs found
Erratum to: Lava discharge during Etna’s January 2011 fire fountain tracked using MSG-SEVIRI
No full textIn the paper by Gouhier, M., Harris, A., Calvari, S., Labazuy,
P., Guéhenneux, Y., Donnadieu, F., Valade, S, entitled “Lava
discharge during Etna’s January 2011 fire fountain tracked
using MSG-SEVIRI” (Bull Volcanol (2012) 74:787–793,
DOI 10.1007/s00445-011-0572-y), we present data from a
Doppler radar (VOLDORAD 2B). This ground-based Lband
radar has been monitoring the eruptive activity of the
summit craters of Mt. Etna in real-time since July 2009 from a
site about 3.5 km SSE of the craters. Examples of applications
of this type of radar are reviewed by Donnadieu (2012)
and shown on the VOLDORAD website (http://wwwobs.
univbpclermont.fr/SO/televolc/voldorad/).
Although designed and owned by the Observatoire de
Physique du Globe in Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), France,
VOLDORAD 2B is operated jointly with the INGV-Catania
(Italy) in the framework of a technical and scientific collaboration
agreement between the INGV of Catania, the French
CNRS and the OPGC-Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont-
Ferrand. The system also utilizes a dedicated micropatch
antenna designed at the University of Calabria (Boccia et al.
2010) and owned by INGV. The objective of the joint acquisition
of the radar data by INGV-Catania and the OPGC is
twofold: (1) to mitigate volcanic risks at Etna by better assessing
the hazards arising from ash plumes and (2) to allow detailed
study of volcanic activity and its environmental impact.
In the paper by Gouhier et al. (2012), we failed to
highlight this important collaboration between the INGV
Catania and the OPGC; a cooperation essential for the past,
current and future generation of such valuable data sets.
Specifically we wish to acknowledge the roles of Mauro
Coltelli, Michele Prestifilippo and Simona Scollo for their
important input into this project, and pivotal role in setting
up, and maintaining, this collaborative deployment.Published12611.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcaniJCR Journalrestricte
Conductive Thin Films of θ-(BETS)4[Fe(CN)5NO] on Silicon Electrodes - New Perspectives on Charge Transfer Salts
No full text
Travelling across disciplines: crossing points and emissaries
No full textRelationships between different sciences were discussed by Diderot and d’Alembert in the Encyclopaedia they directed. After a hiatus that lasted until the 20th century, thinkers returned to these “inter-science” issues, whose value and importance were stressed in particular by H. Berr and O. Neurath, followed by J. Piaget and L. Bertalanffy. The fruitfulness of the interdisciplinary research that has multiplied since then has now been demonstrated, mainly by E. Morin and M. Serres.Les rapports que les sciences entretiennent entre elles ont été examinés par Diderot et d’Alembert dans l’Encyclopédie qu’ils ont dirigée. Après une longue interruption, la réflexion sur les problèmes de l’« interscience » a été reprise au xxe siècle. H. Berr et O. Neurath, puis J. Piaget et L. Bertalanffy en ont notamment affirmé l’intérêt et l’importance. La fécondité des recherches interdisciplinaires qui se sont depuis multipliées a été mise en évidence, principalement par E. Morin et M. Serre
Volcanic plume vent conditions retrieved from infrared images: A forward and inverse modeling approach
No full textInternational audienceWe present a coupled fluid-dynamic and electromagnetic model for volcanic ash plumes. In a forward approach, the model is able to simulate the plume dynamics from prescribed input flow conditions and generate the corresponding synthetic thermal infrared (TIR) image, allowing a comparison with field-based observations. An inversion procedure is then developed to retrieve vent conditions from TIR images, and to independently estimate the mass eruption rate.The adopted fluid-dynamic model is based on a one-dimensional, stationary description of a self-similar turbulent plume, for which an asymptotic analytical solution is obtained. The electromagnetic emission/absorption model is based on Schwarzschild's equation and on Mie's theory for disperse particles, and we assume that particles are coarser than the radiation wavelength (about 10 μm) and that scattering is negligible. In the inversion procedure, model parameter space is sampled to find the optimal set of input conditions which minimizes the difference between the experimental and the synthetic image.Application of the inversion procedure to an ash plume at Santiaguito (Santa Maria volcano, Guatemala) has allowed us to retrieve the main plume input parameters, namely mass flow rate, initial radius, velocity, temperature, gas mass ratio, entrainment coefficient and their related uncertainty. Moreover, by coupling with the electromagnetic model we have been able to obtain a reliable estimate of the equivalent Sauter diameter of the total particle size distribution.The presented method is general and, in principle, can be applied to the spatial distribution of particle concentration and temperature obtained by any fluid-dynamic model, either integral or multidimensional, stationary or time-dependent, single or multiphase. The method discussed here is fast and robust, thus indicating potential for applications to real-time estimation of ash mass flux and particle size distribution, which is crucial for model-based forecasts of the volcanic ash dispersal process
Genetics of tension-type headache
No full textThe objective of this study was to investigate the importance of genetics in tension-type headache. A MEDLINE search from 1966 to December 2006 was performed for “tension-type headache and prevalence” and “tension-type headache and genetics” The prevalence of tensiontype headache varies from 11 to 93%, with a slight female preponderance. Co-occurrence of migraine increases the frequency of tension-type headache. A family study of chronic tension-type headache suggests that genetic factors are important. A twin study analysing tension-type headache in migraineurs found that genetic factors play a minor role in episodic tension-type headache. Another twin study analysing twin pairs without co-occurrence of migraine showed a significantly higher concordance rate among monozygotic than same-gender dizygotic twin pairs with no or frequent episodic tension-type headache, while the difference was minor in twin pairs with infrequent episodic tensiontype headache. Frequent episodic and chronic tension-type headache is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, while infrequent episodic tensiontype headache is caused primarily by environmental factors.
This is a “Springer Open Choice” article. Unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium is permitted, provided the original author and source are credited
2007 Distinguished Alumni Awards & Athletic Hall of Fame Inductees
No full text17 p.Recipient of the Distinguished Achievement Award was Julie Mehretu '92. Recipient of the Distinguished Service Award was John W. Lundeen '69. Recipients of the Weimer K. Hicks Award were Dr. Paul D. Olexia and Dr. Sally L. Olexia. Athletic Hall of Fame Inductees were Linda (Topolsky) Simpson '86, Kory R. Kramer '99, MaryJane E. Valade '01, Nicholas Duda '02, The 1940 Men's Tennis Team, The 1949 Men's Tennis Team, The 1962 Football Team, and The 1969 Women's Tennis Team
Modélisation de la culture de la canne à sucre avec un modèle d'agroécosystème terrestre (paramétrisation et propagation de l'incertitude)
No full textDans le contexte du débat actuel sur les impacts des agrocarburants, des modèles mécanistes de végétation, les agro LSM cherchent à évaluer la production potentielle et les effets sur le cycle du carbone et le climat de l expansion des surfaces d agrocarburants en prenant en compte explicitement la variabilité et les changements du climat et des pratiques agricoles. Cette thèse porte sur la calibration et l évaluation des incertitudes liées aux paramètres de l agro LSM ORCHIDEE STICS, pour le cas de la canne à sucre. Le modèle consiste en une chaîne: STICS calcule la phénologie et les variables liées au cycle de l azote et les transmet à ORCHIDEE qui simule photosynthèse, bilans d énergie et d eau et cycle du carbone.On calibre l indice foliaire simulé par STICS, variable clé pour la simulation du rendement. Pour cela on identifie les influents par une analyse de sensibilité (AS) et on calibre ces paramètres par une méthode factorielle multisite pour obtenir un jeu de paramètres applicable à l échelle globale. On établit le bilan de l incertitude paramétrique sur le rendement dû aux 2 composantes du modèle. L analyse d incertitude montre que la part de l incertitude totale dûe à STICS décroît au cours du cycle de croissance menant à une domination de l incertitude d ORCHIDEE en fin de cycle et que l incertitude total sur le rendement est en moyenne de 21%. L AS régionale montre que les contributions des paramètres à l incertitude totale varient avec les conditions climatiques. Ce travail montre qu il est possible d estimer de manière rigoureuse les erreurs dues aux paramètres des modèles pour améliorer la robustesse des conclusions déduites des simulations.In the context of the current debate about biofuels' real benefits, mechanistic vegetation models called agro-LSM seek to evaluate the potential production and effects on climate and carbon cycle of the expansion of biofuels cropping area, while explicitly considering the variability and long term evolution of climate and management practices. This thesis aims to address the calibration and evaluation of the parametric uncertainties in the agro-LSM ORCHIDEE-STICS for sugarcane. The model is actually a chain : STICS calculates the phenology and nitrogen related variables and passes them to ORCHIDEE that simulates photosynthesis, energy and water budgets and carbon cycle. We first calibrate the leaf area index simulated by STICS, a key variable for yield simulation. For this we identify the most influential parameters through a sensitivity analysis (SA) et we calibrate these parameters using a multisite factorial design to obtain a single parameter set relevant for global runs. We calculate the full parametric uncertainty budget for the 2 model components. The uncertainty analysis shows that the part of the total uncertainty attributable to STICS decreases along the growing cycle leading to a domination of the ORCHIDEE uncertainty at the end of the cycle, and that the total uncertainty is on average 21% of reference yield. The regional SA shows that parameters contribution to total uncertainty varies with climate conditions. This work shows that it is possible to estimate in a rigorous way the models' parametric errors to improve the robustness of conclusions drawn from simulations.VERSAILLES-BU Sciences et IUT (786462101) / SudocSudocFranceF
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