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Covid-19 pandemic and biodiversity: special attention from the French Veterinary Academy
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Links leading to the emergence of viral diseases in humans, from zoonotic transfer to effective interhuman transmission: the examples of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Ebola virus disease
Full text linkLe processus complet du passage d’un virus de l’animal à l’homme implique cinq étapes. La première est le passage zoonotique initial unique et sans lendemain chez l’homme d’un virus animal. Au cours de la deuxième étape, le virus animal passe plus ou moins souvent chez l’homme mais la transmission interhumaine n’est pas possible ; l’homme constitue un cul-de-sac épidémiologique. Le passage initial à l’homme peut se faire soit directement depuis la source soit par une espèce animale intermédiaire. La troisième phase est atteinte quand, après son passage chez l’homme, le virus fait l’objet de quelques cycles de transmission interhumaine qui cessent rapidement. La quatrième étape est franchie quand les chaînes de transmission interhumaine sont allongées. Lorsque le virus s’est complètement adapté à l’homme et quand sa circulation chez ce dernier est devenue permanente et indépendante de son réservoir animal, l’étape ultime est atteinte. Ici nous détaillons les cas de l’émergence du virus du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS) et de celui de la maladie Ebola.The entire process of the complete passage of a virus from animals to humans requires five phases. The first one is the unique and short-lived initial zoonotic passage in humans of an animal virus. During the second stage, the animal virus passes more or less often in humans, but inter-human transmission is not possible; man is an epidemiological cul-de-sac. The initial passage to humans can be done directly from the source or by an intermediate animal species. The third phase is reached when, after passing through to humans, the virus undergoes a few cycles of human-to-human transmission that stop quickly. The fourth step is crossed when the chains of human-to-human transmission are extended. When the virus has fully adapted to humans and when its circulation in humans has become permanent and independent of its animal reservoir, the final stage is reached. Here we detail the cases of the emergence of the virus causing the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and that of the Ebola disease
TPH1 (tryptophan hydroxylase 1)
Full text linkTryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene (TPH1) encodes a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin. TPH1 is expressed in peripheral tissues such as the heart, lung, kidney, duodenum and adrenal gland, as well as in female reproductive tissues. The mutations in this gene have been associated with various diseases with high risk, including, schizophrenia, somatic anxiety, anger-related features, bipolar disorder, suicidal behavior, and several addictions
Malignant pleural mesothelioma subtypes
Full text linkReview of histologic subtypes of mesothelioma, with associated clinical, pathologic, and molecular data
EEF1D (eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta)
Full text linkEukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta, alias EEF1D, is a protein-coding gene that plays a role in the elongation step of translation and considering its importance it is found frequently overexpressed in human cancer cells. This review collects the data on DNA/RNA, on the protein encoded and on the diseases where EEF1D is involved
Bone and Soft Tissue: Ewing-like sarcoma
Full text linkEwing-like sarcoma is a recently defined subset of bone or soft tissue sarcomas. It is one of the pediatric small, round, blue cell tumors and is fusion gene-driven cancer. However, the driving fusions are distinct from that of the FET-ETS family rearrangements that define Ewing sarcoma (see separate entry for Ewing sarcoma)
Sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
No full textParmi les troubles du sommeil, le syndrome d’apnées/hypopnées du sommeil (SAHS) est, sinon le plus fréquent, du moins le plus sous-diagnostiqué. Force est d’admettre qu’il n’existe actuellement aucun traitement médicamenteux, et seules la PPC et plus rarement la chirurgie peuvent agir dans ces situations. La Nutripuncture, se basant sur l’étude des processus d’autorégulation cellulaire, (selon les recherches menées par le Dr Patrick Véret et son équipe), propose une approche totalement innovante, laquelle, en utilisant des complexes polymétalliques, s’applique à restaurer les capacités d’autorégulation naturelles des systèmes vivants du corps. Dans le cas présent du SAHS, trois processus sont mis en jeu : la régulation de la respiration par le centre bulbaire, la déglutition atypique et les deux temps respiratoires (inspiration – expiration).Among sleep disorders, sleep apnea / hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) is, if not the most common, at least the most underdiagnosed. It must be admitted that there is currently no drug treatment, and only CPAP and more rarely surgery can act in these situations. Nutripuncture, based on the study of cellular self-regulatory processes, (according to research conducted by Dr Patrick Véret and his team), offers a totally innovative approach, which, using “polymetallic complexes”, applies to restore the natural self-regulating abilities of living systems in the body. In the present case of OSAS, three processes are involved: the regulation of respiration by the “bulbar center”, atypical swallowing and the two respiratory times (inspiration - expiration)
CRLF2 (Cytokine receptor like factor 2)
Full text linkCRLF2 is a member of type I cytokine receptor family. CRLF2 forms a functional complex with IL-7 receptor α chain and thymic stromal lymphopoietin, this complex induces the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription proteins. The overexpression of CRLF2 induced by genetic rearrangements has been described in acute lymphoblastic leukemia