29 research outputs found
GULZAR OF SHEIKH TAHIRÊ SHOSHÎ: AN ORIGINAL MASNAWÎ OF CLASSICAL KURDISH LITERATURE AND ITS FEATURES OF THE EXTERNAL STRUCTURE
No full textGulzara Şêx Tahirê Şoşî (k.d. 1962) mesnewîyeke dînî/tarîxî ya edebîyata Kurdî ye ku di sedsala XXem de hatîye nivîsîn. Dema em mesnewîyên hemû dîyalektên edebîyata Kurdî li ber çavan digirin, em dibînin ku vê kêlîyê Gulzara Şêx Tahirê Şoşî teqrîbî bi 14.000 beytan ji alîyê qewareyê ve di pileya herî bilind de ye. Mixabin ji ber ku nivîskarê wê di temenekî ciwan de çûye rehmetê beşa xatîmeyê jî di nav de qismek ji Gulzarê nehatîye nivîsîn. Hem dîbace hem jî beşa sereke ya mesnewîyê bi taybetî ji alîyê cureyên edebî ve gelekî dewlemend in. Bi qasî ku tê dîtin, dîbaceya Gulzarê digel Mem û Zîna Xanî û Rewdu'n-Ne‘îma Rûhî yek ji sê dîbaceyên herî girîng a edebîyata Kurmancî ye. Di gotarê de pêşî li ser mesnewînûsîya Kurdî, Şêx Tahirê Şoşî û Gulzara wî zanyarîyên giştî hatine dayîn. Piştre bi hûrgulî hêmanên avahîya derekî yên Gulzarê (qeware, kêş, tertîb û sernav) bi rêbazeke zanistî û bi awayekî berfireh hatine pêşkêşkirin, berawirdîya wan bi standarta mesnewîyên Farisî re hatîye kirin û bi vî awayî xweserîyên Gulzarê hatine tesbîtkirin.Gulzar of Sheikh Tahirê Shoshî (d. 1962) is a religious/historical masnawî of Kurdish literature written in the 20th century. When it comes to the masnawîs of all dialects of Kurdish literature, we see that Gulzar of Sheikh Tahirê Shoshî is the largest one with a volume of approximately 14,000 verses. Unfortunately, as the author passed away at a young age, a section of the book was not written, including part of “xatîme” . Both the preface and the main part of the masnawî are very rich especially in terms of the literary genres. As can be seen, Gulzar's introduction along with Xanî’s Mem û Zîn and Rûhî’s Rewdu'n-Ne‘îm is one of the three most important introductions of Kurmanji literature. The article first focuses on Kurdish masnawîs, Sheikh Tahirê Shoshî and his Gulzar in general. Then the details of the external structure of Gulzar (size, shape, order and title) are presented in a scientific and comprehensive way, their comparison with the standard of Persian masnawîs and thus the autonomy of Gulzar is determined
GULZAR OF SHEIKH TAHIRÊ SHOSHÎ: AN ORIGINAL MASNAWÎ OF CLASSICAL KURDISH LITERATURE AND ITS FEATURES OF THE EXTERNAL STRUCTURE
No full textGulzara Şêx Tahirê Şoşî (k.d. 1962) mesnewîyeke dînî/tarîxî ya edebîyata Kurdî ye ku di sedsala XXem de hatîye nivîsîn. Dema em mesnewîyên hemû dîyalektên edebîyata Kurdî li ber çavan digirin, em dibînin ku vê kêlîyê Gulzara Şêx Tahirê Şoşî teqrîbî bi 14.000 beytan ji alîyê qewareyê ve di pileya herî bilind de ye. Mixabin ji ber ku nivîskarê wê di temenekî ciwan de çûye rehmetê beşa xatîmeyê jî di nav de qismek ji Gulzarê nehatîye nivîsîn. Hem dîbace hem jî beşa sereke ya mesnewîyê bi taybetî ji alîyê cureyên edebî ve gelekî dewlemend in. Bi qasî ku tê dîtin, dîbaceya Gulzarê digel Mem û Zîna Xanî û Rewdu'n-Ne‘îma Rûhî yek ji sê dîbaceyên herî girîng a edebîyata Kurmancî ye. Di gotarê de pêşî li ser mesnewînûsîya Kurdî, Şêx Tahirê Şoşî û Gulzara wî zanyarîyên giştî hatine dayîn. Piştre bi hûrgulî hêmanên avahîya derekî yên Gulzarê (qeware, kêş, tertîb û sernav) bi rêbazeke zanistî û bi awayekî berfireh hatine pêşkêşkirin, berawirdîya wan bi standarta mesnewîyên Farisî re hatîye kirin û bi vî awayî xweserîyên Gulzarê hatine tesbîtkirin.Gulzar of Sheikh Tahirê Shoshî (d. 1962) is a religious/historical masnawî of Kurdish literature written in the 20th century. When it comes to the masnawîs of all dialects of Kurdish literature, we see that Gulzar of Sheikh Tahirê Shoshî is the largest one with a volume of approximately 14,000 verses. Unfortunately, as the author passed away at a young age, a section of the book was not written, including part of “xatîme” . Both the preface and the main part of the masnawî are very rich especially in terms of the literary genres. As can be seen, Gulzar's introduction along with Xanî’s Mem û Zîn and Rûhî’s Rewdu'n-Ne‘îm is one of the three most important introductions of Kurmanji literature. The article first focuses on Kurdish masnawîs, Sheikh Tahirê Shoshî and his Gulzar in general. Then the details of the external structure of Gulzar (size, shape, order and title) are presented in a scientific and comprehensive way, their comparison with the standard of Persian masnawîs and thus the autonomy of Gulzar is determined
SOME IMMUNE INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION AND CONCOMITANT INTESTINAL PARASITOSES
No full textAim. To study basic immune indicators in patients with respiratory diseases accompanied by airway obstruction and intestinal parasitoses. Materials and Methods. We recruited 36 patients with airway obstruction and helminthiases, 31 patients with airway obstruction and protozoan infections, 30 patients with airway obstruction and combined parasitism, and 23 patients with airway obstruction without concomitant parasitoses. We measured the number of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD16+ cells and calculated CD4/CD8 ratio; in addition, we performed spontaneous and stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test and measured serum levels of IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE, circulating immune complexes, and complement components 3 and 4. Results. Mean values of all lymphocyte parameters were significantly lower while the number of NBT-positive neutrophils was significantly higher in patients with parasitoses compared to those without. Among immunoglobulins, IgM values were significantly lower whereas those for IgG and IgE were significantly higher in patients with airway obstruction and parasitic infections as compared to patients with airway obstruction alone. No considerable intergroup differences in circulatory immune complexes and complement components were revealed. Conclusion. Concomitant parasitoses do not cause severe immune disorders in patients with airway obstruction
Employee perceptions about public health agencies' desired involvement in impacting health equity and other social determinants of health
No full textВторичная респираторная микрофлора у пациентов с КОВИД-19
No full textThe incidence of secondary lung infections in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is not well understood. The results of bacteriological research for nonspecific flora of sputum or flushing from the respiratory tract were analyzed for 820 out of 3040 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at the Research Institute of Lung Diseases in Baku. Secondary respiratory microflora was detected in 771 (94%) patients. in 347 (42.3%) cases, fungi of the genus Candida were found, and in 211 (25.7%) patients this was observed simultaneously with the bacterial microflora. Among bacterial infections, the most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (n109), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (n41), Escherichia Coli (n38), Enterobacter (n33), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n32)Incidenţa infecţiilor pulmonare secundare la pacienţii spitalizaţi cu COVID-19 nu este bine înţeleasă. Rezultatele cercetărilor bacteriologice a florei nespecifice a sputei sau specimen din căile respiratorii au fost analizate la 820 din 3040 de pacienţi cu COVID-19 internaţi la Institutul de Cercetare a bolilor pulmonare din Baku. Microflora respiratorie secundară a fost detectată la 771 (94%) pacienţi. În 347 (42,3%) cazuri, s-a depistat fungi din genul Candida, iar la 211 (25,7%) pacienţi acest lucru a fost observat simultan cu microflora bacteriană. Dintre infecţiile bacteriene, cei mai frecvenţi agenţi patogeni au fost Staphylococcus aureus (n109), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (n41), Escherichia Coli (n38), Enterobacter (n33), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n32)Частота вторичных легочных инфекций у госпитализированных пациентов с COVID-19 недостаточно изучена. Проанализированы результаты бактериологического исследования на неспецифическую флору мокроты либо смыва из дыхательных путей 820 из 3040 пациентов с COVID-19, госпитализированных в НИИ Легочных Заболеваний г. Баку. Вторичная респираторная микрофлора выявлена у 771 (94%) больных. В 347 (42,3%) случаях были обнаружены грибы рода Candida, причем у 211(25,7%) пациентов это наблюдалось одновременно с бактериальной микрофлорой. Среди бактериальных инфекций чаще встречаемыми патогенами явились Staphylococcus aureus (n109), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (n41), Escherichia Coli (n38), Enterobacter (n33), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n32
ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ мКРЛ У БОЛЬНЫХ С ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОЙ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА И ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ, ТЩАТЕЛЬНОГО МОНИТОРИНГА И НЕЖЕЛАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЯВЛЕНИЙ
No full textObjective. To study the frequency of adverse events when using new drugs in the treatment regimen for patients with MDR-TB and evaluate the effectiveness of new shorter regimens. Material and methods of research. New shortened regimens have been used for the treatment of patients with MDR- TB since September and February 2020 in two institutions (MJ and GS). 225 MDR cases were identified in the treatment regimens, Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs were prescribed to 106 patients. Gender balance: men 58 (67.4%), women 28 (32.56%).Almost 67 (79.76%) patients had a bilateral process with decay cavities, and 17 (20.24%) patients had a process without decay. The main side effect of bedaquiline is cardiotoxicity, which manifests itself in prolongation of the QT interval and an increase in QTcF (Fridericia coefficient) calculated using the Fridericia formula. The cardiotoxicity of bedaquiline persists after taking it for another 6 months, i.e. has a cumulative effect. In this connection, with the use of bedaquiline in treatment regimens, an electrocardiographic (ECG) study is initially performed. When monitoring treatment with bedaquiline in the first month, an ECG study is performed after 14 days, before the end of the course of treatment is carried out monthly, after the end of the course for 3 months. SAEs were identified in 3 patients. Hypokalemia, myelosuppression and hyperglycemia were noted accordingly in the 1 patient Peripheral neuropathy (moderate) was observed in 7 patients.Results. Culture conversion was observed in 63 patients (75%) who took Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs treatment regimens for 9 months. Time to culture conversion was ≤ mean (or median) in 10 (25%) cases, ≥ mean (or median) in 97 (75%) cases In the remaining 16 (18%) patients, the isolation of mycobacteria persisted, and additional detection of resistance to the main drugs provided a rationale for prolonging the course of treatment. In 5 patients dropped out, these patients were discharged for violations of the nosocomial regimen and took drugs only from 28 days to 2 months. There was no prolongation of the QT interval (0.48-0.51 s). All continued the course with bedaquiline. Peripheral neuropathy (moderate) occurred in 7 (8%) patients taking linezolid. All patients (with mild neuropathy) continued the course with linezolid. These patients were prescribed pyridoxine until the end of the regimen. Myelosuppression was observed in 59 patients. 10 of them had grade 1, 3 had grade 2, and only 1 had grade 3 myelosuppression. Nearly all of those treated with clofozemin had a dark brown skin tone. Treatment outcomes and course completion were 63(75%), failure 16(19%). Conclusion. The effectiveness of shortened treatment regimens for MDR/TB patients with the inclusion of new anti-TB drugs (Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs) in the treatment regimen turned out to be quite high, side effects were eliminated in time with the help of careful monitoring. In earlier terms, sputum conversion and closure of decay cavities were noted.Scop. Pentru a studia frecvența evenimentelor adverse în rezultatul utilizării a noilor medicamente în regimul de tratament al pacienților cu tuberculoză multidrogrezistentă (TB-MDR) și a evalua eficacitatea schemelor noi, scurte de tratament. Material și metode. Noi regimuri mai scurte au început să fie utilizate pentru tratarea pacienților cu TB-MDR din septembrie (MJ) și februarie (GS) 2020 în două instituții. Au fost identificate 225 de cazuri cu TB-MDR. În schemele de tratament, Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs au fost prescrise la 106 pacienți. Echilibrul de gen: bărbați 58 (67,4%), femei 28 (32,56%). Aproape 67 (79,76%) pacienți au avut un proces bilateral cu cavități, iar 17 (20,24%) pacienți au avut un proces fără cavități. Principalul efect advers al bedaquilinei este cardiotoxicitatea, care se manifestă printr-o prelungire a intervalului QT și o creștere a QTcF (coeficientul Fridericia) calculat folosind formula Fridericia. Cardiotoxicitatea bedaquilinei persistă după ce a luat-o încă 6 luni, adică, este cumulativ. Prin urmare, atunci când bedaquilina este utilizată în regimurile de tratament, este efectuat inițial un examen electrocardiografic (ECG). La monitorizarea tratamentului cu bedaquilină în prima lună, se efectuează un examen ECG după 14 zile, până la sfârșitul cursului de tratament, lunar, după terminarea cursului timp de 3 luni. SAE au fost identificate la 3 pacienți. Hipokaliemia, mielosupresia și respectiv hiperglicemia au fost observate la 1 pacient. Neuropatia periferică (moderată) a fost observată la 7 pacienţi. Rezultate. Conversia culturii a fost observată la 63 de pacienți (75%) care au primit regimuri de tratament Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs timp de 9 luni. Timpul până la conversia culturii ≤ medie (sau mediană) a fost de 10 (25%), ≥ medie (sau mediană) 97 (75%) cazuri. La restul de 16 (18%) pacienți, izolarea micobacteriilor a persistat, și detectarea suplimentară a rezistenței la principalele medicamente a oferit o justificare pentru extinderea cursului de tratament. 5 (%) pacienți au abandonat, acești pacienți au fost externați pentru încălcări ale regimului spitalicesc și au luat medicamente doar de la 28 de zile la 2 luni.Nu a existat o prelungire a intervalului QT (0,48-0,51s). Toată lumea a continuat cursul cu bedaquilină. Neuropatia periferică (moderată) a apărut la 7 (8%) pacienți care au luat linezolid. Toți pacienții (cu neuropatie ușoară) au continuat cursul cu linezolid. Acestor pacienți li s-a prescris piridoxină până la sfârșitul regimului. Mielosupresia a fost observată la 14 pacienţi. 10 dintre ei aveau gradul I, 3 pacienti gradul II, doar 1 mielosupresie gradul III. Aproape toți cei care au primit medicamentul clofazimină aveau o nuanță a pielii maro închis. Rezultatele tratamentului și finalizarea cursului au fost 63 (75%), eșec în 16 (19%).Concluzie. Eficacitatea schemelor scurte de tratament pentru pacienții cu MDR-TB atunci când noi medicamente antituberculoase (Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs) au fost incluse în regimul de tratament s-a dovedit a fi destul de mare, efectele secundare au fost eliminate în timp util prin monitorizare atentă. S-a observat conversia sputei și închiderea cavităților mai devreme.Цель. Изучить частоту побочных нежелательных явлений при применении новых препаратов в схеме лечении больных с МЛУ ТБ и оценить эффективность новых укороченных схем лечения. Материал и методы исследования. Новые укороченные схемы начали применять для лечения больных с МЛУ ТБ с сентября (МЮ) и февраля (ГС) 2020 г. в двух учреждениях. Было выявлено 225 МЛУ случаев. В схемах лечения Bdq, Lzd, Lfx, Cfz, Cs были назначены у 106 больным. Гендерный баланс: мужчины 58 (67,4%), женщины 28 (32,56%). Почти у 67 (79.76%) больных наблюдался двусторонний процесс с полостями распада, а у 17 (20,24%) больных процесс без распада. Основным побочным НЯ бедаквилина является кардиотоксичность, которая проявляется в удлинении QT интервала и увеличении QTcF (коэффициент Фридеричи) рассчитываемый при помощи формулы Фридеричи. Кардиотоксичность бедаквилина сохраняется после его приёма еще 6 месяцев, т.е. обладает кумулятивностью. В связи с чем при применении в режимах лечения бедаквилина исходно проводится электрокардиографическое (ЭКГ) исследование. При мониторинге лечения с бедаквилином в первый месяц проводится ЭКГ исследование после 14 дней, до конца курса лечения ежемесячно, после окончания курса в течение 3 месяцев. СНЯ были выявлены у 3 пациентов. Гипокалемия, миелосупрессия и гипергликемия отмечалось соотвественно у 1-го больного. Периферическая нейропатия (средней тяжести) отмечалась у 7 больных. Результаты. Конверсия культуры наблюдались у 63 больного (75%), которые принимали в режимах лечения Bdq, Lzd,Lfx, Cfz, Cs 9 месяцев. Время до конверсии посева ≤ среднего (или медианы) составляло 10 (25%), ≥ среднего (или медианы) 97 (75%) случаев. У остальных 16 (18%) больных выделение микобактерий сохранялись и дополнительное выявление резистентности к основным препаратам дали обоснование для удлинение курс лечение. Выбыли 5 (%) больных, эти больные были выписаны за нарушения внутрибольничного режима и принимали препараты лишь от 28 дней до 2 месяцев.Удлинении QT интервала (0,48-0,51с) не отмечалась. Все продолжали курс с бедаквилином. Периферическая нейропатия (средней тяжести) имела место у 7 (8%) пациентов принимающих линезолид. Все больные (с легкой степенью тяжести нейропатии) продолжали курс с линезолидом. Этим больным до конца режима было назначена пиридоксин. Миелосупрессия отмечалась у 14 больных. У 10 из них была 1-я степень, у 3 больных - 2-я степень, только у 1 - 3-я степень миелосупрессии. Практически у всех получавших препарат клофазимин отмечалась темнокоричневый оттенок кожи. Исходы излечения и завершение курса составляло 63 (75%), неудача 16 (19%).Заключение. Эффективность укороченных схем лечения больных МЛУ/ ТБ при включении в схему терапии новых противотуберкулезных препаратов - (Bdq,Lzd,Lfx,Cfz,Cs) оказалась достаточно высокой, побочные явления вовремя устранялись с помощью тщательного мониторинга. Более ранее сроки отмечались конверсия мокроты и закрытие полостей распада
SOME IMMUNE INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION AND CONCOMITANT INTESTINAL PARASITOSES
No full textEvidence based practice : nurse educators', clinical coaches' and clinical nurse specialists' perceptions
No full textThis thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
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The Use of Written Feedback Strategies to Reduce Tensions in Mentoring Relationships: A Reflective Case Study
No full textIn this paper, the author adopts a reflective case study approach to evaluate the management of rapport and power issues in her relationship with her mentee at a postgraduate mentoring programme at a British university. The evaluation focuses on the outcomes of adopting suitable feedback strategies and language constructions for providing verbal and written feedback to her mentee to mitigate tensions in the relationship. The paper also presents insights into the author’s reflective evaluation of her mentoring approach, the nature of the tensions encountered and how she addressed those challenges through feedback techniques. Audio recordings from pre- and post-observation meetings and the researcher’s written feedback reports were used as data in the study. The analysis’s primary focus was identifying distinct language patterns in vocal and written communication and how they might have assisted and constrained the possibility of mentee reflection and rapport. Findings indicate that careful use of language structures, namely, hedged markers, first-person references, conversational registers, and reflective questions, may assist in establishing rapport in mentoring relationships and, consequently, reduce tensions to some extent. The study is helpful for new mentors and teacher educators interested in knowing more about the nature and complexities of near-peer mentoring relations and effective feedback techniques
