1,720,991 research outputs found
Lith genes and genetic analysis of cholesterol gallstone formation
No full textIn 1964, Tepperman and colleagues9 first established a mouse model of cholesterol gallstones by feeding a special lithogenic diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid. Later, Fujihira and colleagues10 found that at 8 weeks on the lithogenic diet, gallstone prevalence rates varied from 0% to 100% in 7 strains of mic
Non-cirrhotic thrombocytopenic patients with hepatitis C virus: characteristics and outcome of antiviral therapy.
No full textBackground and Aim: Thrombocytopenia is frequently observed in patients with chronic
hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cirrhosis, although it can also be observed in patients
without cirrhosis by a virus-mediated phenomenon. This study assessed the prevalence,
characteristics, and outcomes of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic HCV infection
and thrombocytopenia not associated with cirrhosis.
Methods: The study included 1268 patients with HCV infection and thrombocytopenia
enrolled in the phase 3 ENABLE studies that assessed the impact of eltrombopag
on achieving a sustained virologic response to pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The
study population was subdivided according to baseline FibroSURE test results into
patients with non-cirrhosis (FibroSURE < 0.4) and cirrhosis-related (FibroSURE ≥ 0.75)
thrombocytopenia.
Results: Compared with patients with cirrhosis-related thrombocytopenia (n = 995;
78.5%), non-cirrhotic patients with thrombocytopenia (n = 59; 4.6%) were younger (mean
age [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 43.9 [40.7–47.2] vs 52.7 [52.2–53.3] years;
P < 0.0001), predominantly female (64% [51–76] vs 30% [27–33]; P < 0.0001), and less
frequently had a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score ≥ 10 (24% [14–37] vs 45%
[42–49]; P = 0.0012), low albumin levels (≤ 35 g/L; 2% [0–9] vs 32% [29–35];
P < 0.0001), and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (3% [0–12] vs 21% [19–24]; P = 0.0005).
The sustained virologic response rate was higher in non-cirrhotic patients with thrombocytopenia
(46% [95% CI, 33–59] vs 16% [14–18]; P < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Patients with thrombocytopenia associated with HCV who have lower
FibroSURE test results may have better preserved liver function and higher sustained
virologic response rates than patients with cirrhosis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
O significado prognóstico dos valores séricos do fator de crescimento do tipo insulina 1 em pacientes admitidos por descompensação aguda da cirrose
Full text linkDissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cuidados Intensivos e Paliativos, Florianópolis, 2014.Introdução: Níveis reduzidos do fator de crescimento do tipo insulina 1 (IGF-1) tem sido relatados em pacientes com cirrose hepática e parecem se associar com a intensidade da disfunção hepática. No entanto, ainda faltam dados sobre o significado prognóstico dessas alterações. Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre os valores séricos de IGF-1 e o prognóstico em curto prazo em pacientes admitidos por descompensação aguda de cirrose. Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo onde os pacientes foram acompanhados durante a internação e a mortalidade em 90 dias foi avaliada por contato telefônico em caso de alta hospitalar. Todos os pacientes realizaram exames laboratoriais na admissão e os níveis de IGF-1 foram avaliados por ELISA. Vinte e um pacientes foram também avaliados no seguimento ambulatorial após a alta hospitalar e comparados em dois momentos (hospitalização e avaliação ambulatorial). Resultados: Entre Dezembro de 2011 e Novembro de 2013, 103 pacientes foram incluídos, com média de idade de 54,2 ± 11,3 anos, com uma predominância do sexo masculino (69,9%). IGF-1 se correlacionou positivamente com a albumina e negativamente com relação normalizada internacional (RNI), proteína C reativa (PCR), bilirrubina total e a valores de MELD (Model for End-Stage Liver Disease). A mortalidade em 90 dias foi de 26,2 % e, na análise multivariada, foi associada de forma independente a maiores valores médios de MELD, a presença de ascite e a níveis reduzidos de IGF-1. A estimativa da probabilidade de sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier no nonagésimo dia foi de 94,3% em pacientes com IGF-1 = 13 ng/mL e 63,2% para os indivíduos com IGF-1 Abstract : Background & Aims: Decreased IGF-1 serum levels have been reported in patients with cirrhosis and seem to correlate with the intensity of hepatic dysfunction. However, data about the prognostic significance of decreased IGF-1 serum levels are still lacking. We investigated the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and short-term prognosis in patients admitted for acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Methods: Patients were followed during their hospital stay and 90-day mortality was evaluated. All subjects underwent a laboratory evaluation at admission and IGF-1 was measured by ELISA. Twenty-one patients were also evaluated in the outpatient clinic after discharge and were compared at two time points. Results: Between December 2011 and November 2013, 103 patients were included, with a mean age of 54.2 ± 11.3 years. IGF-1 was positively correlated with albumin and negatively correlated with international normalized ratio (INR), C-reactive protein (CRP), total bilirubin and the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD). Ninety-day mortality was 26.2% and it was independently associated with MELD, ascites and IGF-1 levels in multivariate analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival probability at 90 days was 94.3% in patients with IGF-1 = 13 ng/mL and 63.2% for patients with IGF-1 < 13 ng/mL (P = 0.001). In the outpatient evaluation, significantly higher levels of IGF-1 were found compared with acute decompensation. Conclusions: IGF-1 levels decrease during acute decompensation of cirrhosis and were independently associated with short-term mortality. These findings suggest that this biomarker can be used as a prognostic tool in patients with cirrhosis admitted for acute complications of the disease
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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