760 research outputs found
Euro-Mediterranean Science and Technology Collaborations: a Questionnaire Survey
No full texthttp://om.ciheam.org/om/pdf/b71/b71.pdfThis chapter is based on the results of a questionnaire survey conducted in 2011 and addressed to a population of researchers, from both European countries and EU Mediterranean Partner Countries (hereafter referred to as MPCs), whose international collaborations/co-publications involved both the two geographical regions during the period 2005-2010. Four thousand three hundred forty (4,340) scientists filled in the questionnaire in 38 countries altogether (27 in Europe and 11 MPCs) with a balanced distribution of responses, i.e. 48% of the respondents working in Europe and 52% in the MPCs. The response rate (17%) is considered as satisfactory. Responses are heavily concentrated in larger countries: five countries, i.e. France, Italy, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom, accounted for ¾ of the responses in Europe (74.7%), while in the MPCs the first five countries, namely Turkey, Israel, Tunisia, Algeria and Egypt, accounted for 82.6% of the responses. The main findings show that the asymmetry in collaboration, which was recognised as a source of tension and a burning issue in the 1970s and the 1980s, has developed into a more equal partnership and that international collaboration is a win-win process that benefits all partners with very significant outcomes in both regions. International collaboration addresses and involves very dedicated and goal-oriented individual scientists who seek to increase and improve their scientific capacities and develop greater international recognition.Ce chapitre présente les résultats d'une enquête questionnaire menée en 2011 auprès d'une population de chercheurs travaillant soit dans un pays européen soit dans un pays méditerranéen partenaire de l'UE (dénommé PPM dans la suite du texte) dont les collaborations et/ou publications internationales associent des chercheurs des deux régions géographiques au cours de la période 2005-2010. Quatre mille trois cent quarante (4.340) chercheurs de 38 pays (27 en Europe et 11 PPM) ont rempli le questionnaire. Les réponses se répartissent de façon équilibrée entre l'Europe (48%) et les PPM (52%). Le taux de réponse (17%) est considéré comme satisfaisant. Ces réponses sont fortement concentrées dans les pays les plus importants : 5 pays (France, Italie, Espagne, Allemagne et Royaume-Uni) recueillent ¾ des réponses (74.7%) en Europe et les 5 premiers pays PPM (Turquie, Israël, Tunisie, Algérie et Egypte) concentrent 82.6% des réponses. Les principaux résultats montrent que l'asymétrie des collaborations, perçue comme une source de tension et de confrontation au cours des années 1970 et 1980, s'est transformée en un partenariat plus équilibré. Ils montrent également que la collaboration internationale est un partenariat gagnant-gagnant qui bénéficie à l'ensemble des parties prenantes et produit des résultats significatifs autant en Europe que dans les PPM. La collaboration internationale concerne et implique des chercheurs déterminés en quête d'un accroissement qualitatif et quantitatif de leur production et capacité scientifiques et d'une plus grande reconnaissance internationale
Inclure, exclure... ou reproduire ? Les paradoxes du développement dans les programmes et dispositifs de participation locale
No full textSmall-Strip Thin Gap Chambers for the Muon Spectrometer Upgrade of the ATLAS Experiment
No full textThe instantaneous luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN will be increased by about a factor of five with respect to the design value by undergoing an extensive upgrade program over the coming decade. The largest phase-1 upgrade project for the ATLAS Muon System is the replacement of the present first station in the forward regions with the New Small Wheels (NSWs) during the long-LHC shutdown in 2019-2021. Along with Micromegas, the NSWs will be equipped with eight layers of small-strip thin gap chambers (sTGC) arranged in multilayers of two quadruplets, for a total active surface of more than 2500m. To retain the good precision tracking and trigger capabilities in the high background environment of the high luminosity LHC, each sTGC plane must achieve a spatial resolution better than 100μm to allow the Level-1 trigger track segments to be reconstructed with an angular resolution of approximately 1mrad. The basic sTGC structure consists of a grid of gold-plated tungsten wires sandwiched between two resistive cathode planes at a small distance from the wire plane. The precision cathode plane has strips with a 3.2mm pitch for precision readout and the cathode plane on the other side has pads for triggering. The sTGC design, performance, construction and integration status will be discussed, along with results from tests of the chambers with nearly final electronics with beams, cosmic rays and high-intensity radiation sources
Author Correction: A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery
No full textIn the version of this article initially published, the ATLAS Collaboration
author names, affiliations and acknowledgements were omitted and
have now been included in the HTML and PDF versions of the article
Study of Wγγ tri-boson production in proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector.
No full textFrom 2015 to 2018, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) collided protons at an unprecedented centre of mass energy of √s = 13 TeV. The ATLAS detector recorded an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 of these collisions hence offering an unprecedented opportunity to test the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics by measuring predicted but yet unobserved rare processes. The tri-boson Wγγ production is one of these unobserved processes. Its sensitivity to the electroweak trilinear and quartic gauge couplings make it a great probe of new physics phenomena as Beyond Standard Model processes could affect the effective strength of these couplings. This thesis presents the study of the Wγγ process. Backgrounds are estimated from a combination of Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and data-driven techniques. The dominant source of background to the search for Wγγ production are jets being misidentified as photons. The advanced data-driven technique used to estimate this background is presented in details. Finally thorough examination of the systematic uncertainties affecting the measurement of the Wγγ production cross-section are presented. Taking into account all statistical and systematic uncertainties, the expected statistical significance of the measurement is of 5.1 σ for the differential measurement and 7.8 σ for the total cross-section
Les politiques de développement en Tunisie: De la participation et de la gouvernance sous l’ère Ben Ali
No full textParticipation et gouvernance sont autant de thématiques renouvelées ces dernières décennies sur la scène du développement international, et illustrées sous l’ère Ben Ali par la mise en œuvre des Groupements de développement agricole (GDA). En conjuguant l’Analyse des politiques publiques et les development studies et en inscrivant les recherches dans une perspective diachronique et synchronique, l’ouvrage propose un panorama global et multiscalaire des politiques, institutions et outils de gestion du développement, identifiant les enjeux nationaux et internationaux.Préalablement, le terrain est articulé avec la méthodologie : en effet les conditions d’une recherche réalisée sur et au cœur de l’action publique révèleront rapidement, et en filigrane, la sensibilité de ces thématiques et la nécessité pour le chercheur d’identifier les moyens de naviguer sur le terrain et de contourner les stratégies d’encadrement à l’œuvre dans un système autoritaire. Plus allant, le développement apparaîtra comme un mode d’encadrement du territoire et des populations, et de captation des ressources, assurant la pérennisation d’un système et de fortes disparités territoriales, mettant à l’index le milieu rural, pourtant majoritaire dans le pays. Le Printemps arabe donnera une autre dimension à l’échec de ces politiques du développement
Euro-Mediterranean Science and Technology Collaborations: a Questionnaire Survey
No full texthttp://om.ciheam.org/om/pdf/b71/b71.pdfThis chapter is based on the results of a questionnaire survey conducted in 2011 and addressed to a population of researchers, from both European countries and EU Mediterranean Partner Countries (hereafter referred to as MPCs), whose international collaborations/co-publications involved both the two geographical regions during the period 2005-2010. Four thousand three hundred forty (4,340) scientists filled in the questionnaire in 38 countries altogether (27 in Europe and 11 MPCs) with a balanced distribution of responses, i.e. 48% of the respondents working in Europe and 52% in the MPCs. The response rate (17%) is considered as satisfactory. Responses are heavily concentrated in larger countries: five countries, i.e. France, Italy, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom, accounted for ¾ of the responses in Europe (74.7%), while in the MPCs the first five countries, namely Turkey, Israel, Tunisia, Algeria and Egypt, accounted for 82.6% of the responses. The main findings show that the asymmetry in collaboration, which was recognised as a source of tension and a burning issue in the 1970s and the 1980s, has developed into a more equal partnership and that international collaboration is a win-win process that benefits all partners with very significant outcomes in both regions. International collaboration addresses and involves very dedicated and goal-oriented individual scientists who seek to increase and improve their scientific capacities and develop greater international recognition.Ce chapitre présente les résultats d'une enquête questionnaire menée en 2011 auprès d'une population de chercheurs travaillant soit dans un pays européen soit dans un pays méditerranéen partenaire de l'UE (dénommé PPM dans la suite du texte) dont les collaborations et/ou publications internationales associent des chercheurs des deux régions géographiques au cours de la période 2005-2010. Quatre mille trois cent quarante (4.340) chercheurs de 38 pays (27 en Europe et 11 PPM) ont rempli le questionnaire. Les réponses se répartissent de façon équilibrée entre l'Europe (48%) et les PPM (52%). Le taux de réponse (17%) est considéré comme satisfaisant. Ces réponses sont fortement concentrées dans les pays les plus importants : 5 pays (France, Italie, Espagne, Allemagne et Royaume-Uni) recueillent ¾ des réponses (74.7%) en Europe et les 5 premiers pays PPM (Turquie, Israël, Tunisie, Algérie et Egypte) concentrent 82.6% des réponses. Les principaux résultats montrent que l'asymétrie des collaborations, perçue comme une source de tension et de confrontation au cours des années 1970 et 1980, s'est transformée en un partenariat plus équilibré. Ils montrent également que la collaboration internationale est un partenariat gagnant-gagnant qui bénéficie à l'ensemble des parties prenantes et produit des résultats significatifs autant en Europe que dans les PPM. La collaboration internationale concerne et implique des chercheurs déterminés en quête d'un accroissement qualitatif et quantitatif de leur production et capacité scientifiques et d'une plus grande reconnaissance internationale
Analysing the robustness of the R2E MCWG BLM monitoring code
No full textThe Radiation To Electronics (R2E) project at CERN focuses on safeguarding electronic systems exposed to radiation by particle accelerators. The Monitoring and Calculation Working Group (MCWG), a component of R2E, oversees radiation assessment and develops strategies to counteract potential effects. MCWG utilises devices like Beam Loss Monitors (BLMs) to monitor radiation levels. The TID measurements recorded by these devices are used to establish radiation levels in different areas of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is monitored using the BLM monitoring code. My project involved analysing the robustness of this current code system by comparing different design choices and analysing the impact of using the implementation that is currently in place
Search for heavy diboson resonances in semileptonic final states in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
A search for an unexpected asymmetry in the production of and pairs in proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at TeV
No full textThis search, a type not previously performed at ATLAS, uses a comparison of
the production cross sections for and pairs to
constrain physics processes beyond the Standard Model. It uses of protonproton collision data recorded at
TeV at the LHC. Targeting sources of new physics which prefer final states
containing to , the search contains two broad
signal regions which are used to provide model-independent constraints on the
ratio of cross sections at the 2% level. The search also has two special
selections targeting supersymmetric models and leptoquark signatures.
Observations using one of these selections are able to exclude, at 95%
confidence level, singly produced smuons with masses up to 640 GeV in a model
in which the only other light sparticle is a neutralino when the
-parity-violating coupling is close to unity. Observations
using the other selection exclude scalar leptoquarks with masses below 1880 GeV
when , at 95% confidence level. The
limit on the coupling reduces to for a mass of 1420 GeV.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 8 figures, 1 table,
submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are
available at
https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2018-29
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