12 research outputs found
Peradilan Internasional Versus Bush: Studi Kasus State Violence
No full textInternational Criminal Court (ICC), obviously, is an International court which has the authority to sentence or punish International criminals considered imperil and intrude on human life. These persons should be senior officials of state, such as president or military functionary, committing violence toward people. Such iolence committed by public officials is one kind of state violence. However, United States’ (President Bush) attitude to neglect ICC, constitutes complicated problem. Surely, there must be a big plan or reason behind the refusal of the ICC existence by United States (President Bush) whom its trickiness has just been revealed when the US invades Iraq
Feeding Value of Coconut Flour either Fermented with Aspergillus nigerorSaccharomyces cerevisiae
No full textFermentation has long been applied to increase quality of poultry diets. A study was conducted to investigate the performance of broilers fed the fungi-fermented coconut flour (CF). The CF with or without 0.1% sodium selenite addition was fermented by either Aspergillus niger or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A total of 120 day old chicks were used in this study. The broiler chicks were kept for three weeks and fed experimental diets (T-1: Control diet; T-2: 1% CF; T-3: 1% fermented CF with A. niger (AN); T-4: 1% fermented CF with S. cerevisiae (SC); T-5: 1% fermented CF + sodium selenite with AN; T-6: 1% fermented CF + sodium selenite with SC). Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The variables observed were: final body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The study used a Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. The results indicate that the use of 1% pure CF did not impair the growth performance. Fermenting CF with A. niger, either with or without sodium selenite addition, negatively affected growth performance of broilers. However, fermenting CF with S. cerevisiae deteriorate body weight, feed intake and FCR. In conclusion, treatments significantly affected body weight, feed intake and FCR
The Use of Enzymatic Pre-digestion of Fermented Palm Kernel Cake in the Laying Hens Diet on Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Egg Quality, and Egg Chemical Content
No full textA study was conducted to determine the effect of enzymatic pre-digestion of fermented palm kernel cake in the laying hen’s diet on the performance production, nutrient digestibility, egg quality, and egg chemical content. Palm kernel cake (PKC) was added with 3% ammonium sulfate and then fermented by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5 days (FPKC). The FPKC was hydrolyzed with mannanase to produce enzymatic pre-digestion of FPKC (EPFPKC). The study used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replications. The EPFPKC-containing diets were fed to 240 Lohmann Brown laying hens aged 19 weeks old for 3 months. The diets were D-1 (without EPFPKC), D-2 (5% EPFPKC), D-3 (10% EPFPKC), D-4 (15% EPFPKC), and D-5 (20% EPFPKC). Feed and drinking water were available at all times. Total fecal discharges were collected for three consecutive days to measure feed digestibility. The variables measured were feed digestibility, production performance, egg quality, lauric acid, cholesterol, and beta-carotene content of eggs. Data were analyzed with the variance analysis. The results showed that fermentation could increase the protein content of PKC and decrease the crude fiber content. The addition of EPFPKC in the diets increased dry matter, protein, and crude fiber digestibility and improved the quality of albumen and yolk during 28 days of storage at room temperature. Adding EPFPKC also increased the concentration of lauric acid and beta-carotene in eggs. In conclusion, the addition of 15% of enzymatic pre-digestion of fermented palm kernel cake (D-4) in the diet improves the quality of eggs stored for 28 days, and increases the concentration of lauric acid and beta carotene in eggs
Tackling Sanitation Gaps: Improving Fecal Sludge Management through Stakeholder Engagement in Indonesia: Mengatasi Kesenjangan Sanitasi: Meningkatkan Pengelolaan Lumpur Tinja melalui Keterlibatan Pemangku Kepentingan di Indonesia
No full textThe management of sewage sludge is an urgent and crucial component of domestic sanitation systems, directly impacting public health and the environment. In Indonesia, the challenges associated with waste management have become increasingly complex due to population growth and the rising demand for adequate sanitation infrastructure. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the performance of domestic wastewater management operators and to provide recommendations for enhancing service quality. This research design uses a mixed method, combining quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were obtained from a survey of 106 respondents. While qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), while qualitative data analysis used a thematic approach. The research findings indicate that there are two primary factors influencing the performance of sewage sludge management, namely Financial Management and Human Resources, as well as Service Provision and Operational Efficiency. These two factors are interrelated, demonstrating that there is significant potential for improvement. Improved financial management, along with enhancements in operational capacity and human resources, is essential for increasing the system's efficiency. This study provides significant contributions to the understanding of sewage sludge management in developing countries. The research highlights the need for a comprehensive approach that integrates financial, operational, and human resource factors to achieve more sustainable sanitation management in Indonesia. Further research is eagerly anticipated to explore the role of public-private partnerships and community engagement in enhancing sanitation management
Hydrogeological Characterization of the Gunungsewu Karst Area in the Upper Reach of Gremeng Karst Drainage Basin, Indonesia
No full textThe definition of a karst drainage basin in the aquifer of the karst area is an absolute thing to do as a water resource management unit. This research aimed to characterize the hydrogeology of the Gunungsewu Karst Area in the upper reach of the Gremeng Karst Drainage Basin. For this purpose, it was divided into three stages, namely geological survey, speleological survey, and artificial tracer test. The results indicate that the area observed lies in two or more geological formations: Semilir Formation, composed of sandstone and tuff from the ancient volcano Wonodadi eruptions, and Wonosari Formation, in which carbonate rocks consisting of massive coral limestone and bedded chalky limestone predominate. In volcanic rocks, the surface rivers have developed into allogenic streams flowing from underlying beds exposed updip. The contact between the two different formations results in the formation of ponors and springs. The artificial tracer test revealed two underground river systems with single conduits controlled by the allogenic rivers and large slope gradients in the study area
Performa Produksi dan Kualitas Telur Burung Puyuh yang Diberi Tepung Wortel (Daucus carrota L.) sebagai Sumber β-Karotein Alami dalam Ransum
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tepung wortel terhadap produksi dan kualitas fisik telur burung puyuh. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, dimana setiap unit percobaan ditempatkan 3 ekor burung puyuh umur 10 minggu, sehingga jumlah ternak bercobaan yang digunakan sebanyak 75 ekor burung puyuh umur 10 minggu dengan bobot badan 130-140 g/ekor. Perlakuan yang diamati adalah R0 (Ransum Kontrol tanpa penggunaan tepung wortel), R1 (99% ransum kontrol + 1% Tepung Wortel), R2 (98% ransum kontrol + 2% tepung Wortel, R3 (97% ransum kontrol0 + 3% tepung wortel dan R4 (96 rnsum control + 4% tepung Worte)l. Variabel yang diamati untuk mengetahui performa produksi adalah konsumsi ransum, total produksi telu, konversi ransum dan persenatse produksi harian (HDP), sedangkan variable yang diamati untuk mengetahui kualitas fisik terur adalah bobot telur, persentase kerabang telur, persentase putih telur (albumin), persentase kuning telur (yolk) dan Skor warna kuning telur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan tepung wortel 1-4% memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap konsumsi ransum, produksi telur harian (HDP), total produksi telur, konversi ransum, berat telur dan skor warna kuning telur, namun berpengaruh tuidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap persentase albumin, kuning telur dan kerabang telur. Penambahan tepung wortel hingga 4% sebagai sumber β-karotein alami dalam ransum dapat meningkatkan produksi telur, berat telur, efisiensi ransum dan skor warna kuning telur, namun tidak mempengaruhi persentase masing-masing komponen telur
Kata kunci: Burung Puyuh, Produksi telur, Kualitas Telur dan Tepung Wortel (Daucus carrota L.),This study aims to determine the effect of using carrot flour on the production and physical quality of quail eggs. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications, where each experimental unit was placed 3 quails aged 10 weeks, so that the number of experimental animals used was 75 quails aged 10 weeks with a body weight of 130-140 g /tail. The treatments observed were R0 (Control ration without the use of carrot flour), R1 (99% control ration + 1% carrot flour), R2 (98% control ration + 2% carrot flour, R3 (97% 0 control diet + 3% carrot flour) and R4 (96 control diet + 4% carrot flour) l. The variables observed to determine production performance were ration consumption, total egg production, ration conversion and daily production percentage (HDP), while the variables observed to determine the physical quality of eggs were weight egg, eggshell percentage, egg white (albumin) percentage, yolk percentage (yolk) and egg yolk color score.The results showed that the use of 1-4% carrot flour had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on ration consumption , daily egg production (HDP), total egg production, ration conversion, egg weight and yolk color score, but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the percentage of albumin, egg yolk and eggshell. 4% as a source of natural β-carotein in the ration can increase egg production, egg weight, ration efficiency and egg yolk color score, but does not affect the percentage of each egg component
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ZONING IN A CLOSED-HOUSE CAGE ON MICROCLIMATE CONDITIONS AND BROILER PERFORMANCE
No full textClosed-house cages have zones in them that have different conditions. Zoning in cages has different temperatures, humidity, speed, and ammonia levels and affects broiler performance. This study aims to determine the effect of different zoning on microclimate conditions and broiler performance in closed-house cages. This research was carried out from June 9, 2023 – to July 6, 2023, at the closed-house cage “Chicken Farm Janna” in Taipa Village, North Palu District, Palu City, Central Sulawesi Province. This study used 396 broiler samples aged 1-28 days with a DOC (Day-old chick) weight of ± 37 grams/head. The strain used is Lohman produced by PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia. This study used a t-test with 2 treatments and 9 repeats. The treatment studied is Z1 = Zone 1-60 meters from the inlet and Z2 = Zone 60-120 meters from the inlet. The results of the t-test show that different zoning has a significant influence (t count >t table) on microclimate conditions and broiler performance in closed-house cages. Different zoning exerts a real influence on microclimate conditions and the performance of broilers in closed-house cages. In the closed house cage, the zone opposite the inlet (zone 2) results in a temperature rise, a rise in ammonia levels, a drop in humidity, a loss in body weight, and an increase in mortality
The use of peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves meal reduces ammonia excreta, increases egg production, and egg quality of laying hens
No full textA study was carried out to determine the effect of peppermint (Mentha piperita) leaves meal on ammonia production, dry matter excreta, egg production, and the quality of laying hens. A total of 80 laying hens of Lohmann Strain aged 20 weeks old were used as experimental animals. The birds were allocated in individual battery pens. The 20-week-old laying hens were vaccinated for New Castle diseases protection by using Vaksimune®ND B1on day 5 after arrival. The hens were kept for 8 weeks and fed four experimental diets. The diets used were basal diet (BSL), basal + 1% peppermint leaves meal (PLM) (BSL+1PLM), basal + 2% PLM (BSL+2PLM) and basal + 3% PLM (BSL + 3PLM). Feed and drinking water were present at all times. Parameters measured were ammonia concentration, dry matter excreta, hen day production, total egg mass, feed intake, FCR, dry matter digestibility, and quality of 14-days-stored eggs. A completely randomized design with 4 experimental diets and 5 replications was used. Data collected from this study were analyzed by using analysis of variance and tested with the Tukey test. The addition of peppermint leaf meal reduced ammonia production and increases dry matter excreta, total egg mass production, and dry matter digestibility. The Haugh unit, yolk height, and albumen height were improved when the eggs were kept for 14 days at room temperature. The addition of peppermint leaves meal decreased the mass loss of 14 days-stored eggs. In conclusion, supplementation of diets with peppermint leaf meal decreased ammonia concentration and watery excreta and increased the quality of eggs stored for 14 days at room temperature
