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CPU time for various mapping approaches for L = 5120.
CPU time for various mapping approaches for L = 5120.</p
Pengaruh Suhu Pemanasan Mula Pada Proses Pengerolan Aluminium Seri 5120 Terhadap Kekerasan Dan Kekuatan Tarik.
Penggunaan aluminium dewasa ini meningkat dan terus dikembangkan dalam industri otomotif. Dalam waktu singkat, aluminium memainkan peran penting dalam industri mobil. Aluminium digunakan untuk pembungkus kerangka pintu, tutup mesin, tutup bagasi, mesin, radiator, komponen suspensi dan trim interior. Untuk itulah perlu sebuah proses produksi agar aluminium dapat dibentuk dengan ketebalan sesuai kebutuhan. Salah satu proses produksi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mereduksi ketebalan adalah proses pengerolan. Proses pengerolan paduan aluminium dapat dilakukan dengan cold-, warm-, dan hot-working .
Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanasan mula pada proses pengerolan aluminium seri 5120 terhadap kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik, maka dilakukan perlakuan terhadap spesimen berupa perubahan temperatur diantaranya 100 o C, 150 o C, 200 o C, 250 o C, dan 300 o C
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai kekerasan dan kekuatan tarik aluminium seri 5120 menurun secara linear akibat perubahan temperatur pemanasan mula dari 100 o C sampai dengan 300 o C. Hal ini dikarenakan dengan semakin meningkatnya suhu kerja pada proses pengerolan aluminium seri 5120, akan memudahkan pergerakan dislokasi dan menurunkan tegangan sisa. Deformasi yang permanen pada proses pengerolan aluminium seri 5120 akan menyebabkan pembentukan struktur butiran yang kasar. Dengan semakin kecil tegangan sisa pada aluminium seri 5120 dan struktur butiran yang kasar, menyebabkan kekerasan aluminium seri 5120 menurun. Selain itu dengan semakin menurunnya tegangan sisa, maka duktilitas aluminium seri 5120 akan meningkat. Dengan semakin meningkatnya duktilitas , maka regangan akan meningkat namun kekuatan tarik aluminium seri 5120 akan menurun.
Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin besar perubahan temperatur pemanasan mula dari 100 o C sampai dengan 300 o C pada proses pengerolan aluminium seri 5120, maka kekerasan dan kekuatan tariknya akan menurun
Block Card 5120 S. Willcrest Drive
This image was produced by the Auditor's Office in Lucas County, Ohio for tax assessment purposes. Associated dates are approximate. Descriptive terms related to this photograph include: 5120 S. Willcrest Drive (Toledo, Ohio) | Dwelling | Westgate Extension (Toledo, Ohio) | South Toledo Area (Toledo, Ohio) | Colonial Styl
De vrijheid van interne organisatie van de politieke partij
Contains fulltext :
5120.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Study of hot plasticity of the steel AISI 5120 modified
Orientador: Paula Fernanda da Silva FarinaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia MecânicaResumo: A pesquisa e desenvolvimento na plasticidade a quente de aços é de suma importância, pois é possível atribuir novas formas de processamento ao material. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear a conformabilidade a quente do aço AISI 5120 modificado, para a laminação e o forjamento, de forma científica-tecnológica, partindo de simulações numéricas preliminares, passando por ensaio laboratorial e culminando no processamento real do material em escala piloto, analisando assim a correlação entre os parâmetros de trabalho, com o intuito de criar diretrizes como mapas de processamento e processo. A primeira etapa foi a simulação numérica do aço AISI 5120 comercial para o ensaio laboratorial e se concluiu que era possível realizar o ensaio laboratorial de compressão a quente nas temperaturas (900, 975, 1050, 1125 e 1200°C) e taxas de deformação (0,01; 0,05; 0,1 e 1 s-1) estipuladas. Porém, ao realizar o ensaio laboratorial, as curvas tensão versus deformação não apresentaram o fenômeno de amaciamento e as micrografias de todo o ensaio laboratorial comprovaram regiões mais tensionadas, com discordâncias e com heterogeneidades de deformação, como bandas de cisalhamento, impossibilitando gerar o mapa de processamento para do aço AISI 5120 modificado, Desta forma, o estudo da plasticidade a quente foi realizado a partir dos dados obtidos nas etapas piloto de forjamento e laminação, expandindo a faixa de temperatura (900, 1000, 1100, 1200 e 1300°C) e utilizando a taxa de deformação própria dos equipamentos. No processo de forjamento foi possível dizer que a zona mais segura de trabalho a quente do aço AISI 5120 modificado, está entre 1100 e 1200ºC. Na temperatura de 1000°C ocorreu o fenômeno de aquecimento adiabático, no qual o material ao ser submetido a um determinado trabalho dissipa maior energia na forma de deformação plástica, considerada então uma instabilidade e uma temperatura insegura de trabalho. Além disso, para a temperatura de 1300°C há evidências de refinamento de grãos, porém a borda do corpo de prova possui fissuras, sendo assim consideradas regiões refundidas devido à alta temperatura e por ser trabalhada em alta tensão, considerando também como uma temperatura insegura de trabalho. Para o processo de laminação a quente, a temperatura e a taxa de deformação mais seguras para a laminação a quente do aço AISI 5120 modificado são 1300ºC e 24 s-1, respectivamente na velocidade 1 (24 s-1), pois foi nesta combinação em que houve refinamento significante dos grãos. Apesar da temperatura de 1300°C para a velocidade 2 (48 s-1) e 1200ºC para as duas velocidades 1 (24 s-1) e 2 (48 s-1) gerarem refinamento dos grãos significativo também. Também foi possível concluir que o processo de conformação a quente que proporciona melhor trabalho a quente e homogeneidade da microestrutura do aço AISI 5120 modificado é a laminação a 1300°C na velocidade 1 (24 s-1)Abstract: The importance of research and development in the hot plasticity of steels is of paramount importance, as it is possible to attribute new forms for materials processing. In this way, the aim of this work was to map the hot plasticity of the modified AISI 5120 steel, for rolling and forging, in a scientific-technological way, starting from preliminary numerical simulations culminating in the actual processing of the material in pilot scale, thus analyzing the correlation between the work parameters, in order to create guidelines such as processing and process maps. The first step was the numerical simulation of commercial AISI 5120 steel for the laboratory test and it was concluded that it is possible to carry out the laboratory test of hot compression at temperatures (900, 975, 1050, 1125 and 1200 ° C) and deformation rates ( 0,01; 0,05; 0,1 and 1 s-1) stipulated. However, when performing the laboratory test, the stress versus strain curves did not present the softening phenomenon and the micrographs of the whole laboratory test show more stressed regions, with dislocations and with heterogeneities of deformation, such as shear bands, making it impossible to generate the processing map. In this way, the study of the hot plasticity was performed from the data obtained from the pilot forging and rolling steps, expanding the temperature range (900, 1000, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C) and using the deformation rate of the equipment. For the forging process it was possible to say that the safest hot working area of the modified AISI 5120 steel is between 1100 and 1200°C. At the temperature of 1000°C the adiabatic heating phenomenon occurred, in which the material when subjected to a certain work dissipates more energy in the form of plastic deformation, considered then an instability and an unsafe working temperature. Moreover, for the temperature of 1300°C there is an evidence of grain refinement, but the edge of the specimen has cracks, due to the high temperature and being worked in high voltage, also considering as an unsafe working temperature. For the hot rolling process, the safest temperature and deformation rate for the modified AISI 5120 steel are 1300°C and 24 s-1, respectively at speed 1 (24 s-1), as it was in this combination that there was a significant refinement of the grains. Although the temperature of 1300°C for speed 2 (48 s-1) and 1200°C for the two speeds, 1 (24 s-1) and 2 (48 s-1) generate significant grain refinement as well. It has also been possible to define that the hot forming process which provides better hot work and homogeneity of the microstructure of the modified AISI 5120 steel is for rolling at 1300°C at speed 1 (24 s-1)MestradoMateriais e Processos de FabricaçãoMestre em Engenharia Mecânic
Variations on the Author
“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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