1,721,259 research outputs found
In Vitro Inhibitory Effect of SR 27417, a Potent Platelet-Activating Factor (PAF) Receptor Antagonist, on the PAF-Induced Bovine Platelet Aggregation
Get PDFpeer reviewedThe in vitro inhibitory effect of SR 27417, an antagonist of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, on PAF-induced platelet aggregation was studied in blood collected from seven healthy Friesien calves. Inhibitory effects of SR 27417 were determined at thirteen different concentrations (0.1-400 nM) by using the dose-response curves of PAF on calf platelet aggregation. In the presence of SR 27417, the maximal slopes of aggregation (%/min) induced by low and high concentrations of PAF were significantly different from the control values obtained without an antagonist at p < or = 0.05 and p < or = 0.01 respectively. In vitro PAF-induced calf platelet aggregation was dose-dependently inhibited by SR 27417. The drug inhibited PAF-induced platelet aggregation in a competitive reversible manner (pA2 = 10.46 +/- 2.36 mol x L(-1)). In conclusion, the results of our study showed that addition of SR 27417 to bovine platelet in vitro inhibits PAF-induced platelet aggregation.Effet inhibiteur in vitro du SR 27417, un puissant antagoniste du récepteur du facteur d'activation plaquettaire sur l'agrégation des plaquettes induite par le PAF chez le bovin. L'effet inhibiteur in vitro du SR 27417, un antagoniste du récepteur du facteur d'activation plaquettaire (PAF) induite par le PAF sur l'agrégation plaquettaire a été étudiée dans le sang prélevé des sept veaux sains de race Frisonne. L'effet inhibiteur du SR 27417 a été déterminé avec treize concentrations différentes (0,1 - 400 nM) en utilisant les courbes dose-effet du PAF sur l'agrégation plaquettaire des veaux. En présence du SR 27417, la pente d'agrégation maximale de la courbe ( concentrations du PAF ont été significativement différentes des valeurs de base ( et respectivement). L'agrégation des plaquettes induites par le PAF a été inhibée in vitro par le SR 27417 d'une manière dépendante de la dose. Le médicament a inhibé in vitro l'agrégation induite par le PAF des plaquettes chez le bovin de façon compétitive et réversible (pA2 = 10.46 2.36 molL-1). En conclusion, les résultats de notre étude montrent in vitro que l'addition du SR 27417 aux plaquettes chez le bovin inhibe l'agrégation plaquettaire induite par le PAF
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The Role of Interleukin-18 in the Immune Response to Infection.
Get PDFContains fulltext :
27417.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a member of the IL-1 family, is a cytokine initially described as a co-stimulus for IFN- produced in mice injected with Propionibacterium acnes and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It is produced by many cells of the immune system like macrophages, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, dendritic cells, epidermal cells, osteoblastic stromal cells, and cells of the central nervous system. In the presence of secondary stimulants IL-18 is able to induce large amounts of IFN- by T cells and NK cells. IL-18 displays proinflammatory effects by inducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Other proinflammatory effects of IL-18 include the upregulation of adhesion molecules. IL-18 possesses broad and potent immunomodulatory properties and therefore it plays an important role in host defenses against various infectious microbes. The aim of this thesis is to assess the position of IL-18 in the activation of the innate immunity and elimination of an invading pathogen. Several aspects have been investigated in this thesis; the place of IL-18 in the activation of the cytokine network, the direct proinflammatory properties of IL-18, and the role of IL-18 in severe infections. In our studies we have shown the importance of IL-18 (and the cytokines TNF, IL-1, and IL-12) in IFN- production induced by various microbial stimuli, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and various staphylococcal exotoxins. Moreover, we found that IL-18 displays also proinflammatory effects by increase in expression of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1. Neutralization of IL-18 during lethal endotoxemia protects mice against lethal effects of LPS. This protection is partly mediated through inhibition of IFN- production, but mechanisms involving decreased neutrophil-mediated tissue damage due to the reduction of either chemokines (E. coli LPS) or TNF (S. typhimurium LPS) synthesis by anti-IL-18 treatment may also be involved. Furthermore, IL-18 plays a protective role in the defense against disseminated candidiasis.RU Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 11 april 2006Promotores : Meer, J.W.M. van der, Kullberg, B.J., Dinarello, C.A. Co-promotor : Netea, M.G.148 p
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