1,721,915 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI Smilax celebica TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 35923 DAN Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022
Get PDFPerkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi telah membawa banyak
kemajuan di berbagai bidang kehidupan, salah satunya adalah eksplorasi potensi
suatu tumbuhan sebagai obat herbal. Tumbuhan yang mempunyai potensi sebagai
obat herbal misalnya tumbuhan genus Smilax. Smilax merupakan jenis semak,
memiliki bentuk pertumbuhan menjalar, batang memiliki duri yang sangat tajam,
berumbi, bentuk akarnya serabut dan keras.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol
umbi Smilax celebica terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 35923 dan Shigella
flexneri ATCC 12022 serta mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekundernya.
Ekstraksi metabolit sekunder umbi S. celebica menggunakan metode maserasi
dengan pelarut etanol. Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode dilusi,
sedangkan untuk pemisahan senyawa mengggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis.
Identifikasi metabolit sekunder mengggunakan skrining fitokimia.
Hasil uji aktivitas menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol umbi S. celebica
mempunyai potensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap S. aureus ATCC 35923 dan S.
flexneri ATCC 12022. Nilai KHM ekstrak etanol umbi S. celebica terhadap S.
aureus ATCC 35923 adalah 3,13 % dan KBM 12,5%. Nilai KHM ekstrak etanol
umbi S. celebica terhadap S. flexneri ATCC 12022 adalah 12,5 % dan KBM 50%.
Berdasarkan skrining fitokimia, umbi S. celebica memiliki kandungan senyawa
alkaloid, flavonoid dan saponin
EFEKTIVITAS FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT EKSTRAK DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022 SECARA IN VITRO
Get PDFSalah satu penyebab diare yaitu bakteri Shigella flexneri. Pengobatan diare biasanya menggunakan antibiotik, namun penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak sesuai dapat menyebabkan resistensi. Salah satu tumbuhan yang diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai antibakteri adalah pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.)karena mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri daun pandan wangidan menentukan konsentrasi optimal sebagai antibakteri.
Proses ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode dekoktasi dilanjutkan dengan fraksinasi cair-cair.Deteksi kandungan senyawaflavonoid total dengan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil fraksi diujikan terhadap bakteri Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022 menggunakan metode difusi sumuran dengan konsentrasi 10%-100% sebanyak 30 μL, kontrol positif menggunakan kloramfenikol 30µg. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik Mann-Whitney dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%.
Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan adanya alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan polifenol. Hasil rata-rata uji kadar flavonoid total sebanyak 118,5 mg/g QE. Fraksi etil asetat ekstrak daun pandan wangi konsentrasi10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% dan 100% dapat menghambat Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022 dengan rata-rata zona hambat bertutut-turut 14,50 ± 3,90 mm;21,30 ± 1,94 mm;21,60 ± 2,00 mm;21,06 ± 1,76mm; 30,33 ± 1,15mm;30,73 ± 0,46 mm;29,80 ± 1,50 mm;29,90 ± 0,10 mm;31,06 ± 1,34 mm dan 32,53 ± 1,34 mm.
Kesimpulan yang dapat diambiladalahfraksi etil asetat ekstrak daun pandan wangi dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022 dan konsentrasi yang paling optimal adalah 20%.
Kata kunci: daun pandan wangi, fraksi etil asetat, Shigella flexneri ATCC 1202
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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