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Gender-Based Violence, Migration and (Dis)Empowerment: Women and Transwomen Migrants in the Americas
Get PDFMigration can be a result of, exacerbate, produce and in some cases reduce gender-based violence (GBV). GBV is part of a continuum often manifesting from childhood to adulthood and from origin, through transit, and (un)intended destinations. Repeated GBV experiences can lead to complex trauma, impacting survivors' mental and physical well-being, and their decision-making abilities. Nonetheless, GBV survivors may also develop resilience and posttraumatic growth, which can positively influence their agency and foster empowering transformations. This study explores how women and transwomen migrants experience the complex intersections of GBV continuums, survival migration, and (dis)empowering agency transformations in the Americas. The study used participatory arts-based methods within a mixed-methods framework to produce an analysis focused on how GBV is experienced, challenged and transformed by women and transwomen migrants crossing and settling in Mexico. The analysis considers GBV in homelands and in transit-destinations as a continuum that intersects with criminal violence, structural oppression, transmisogynistic and homomisic values. The study further delves into how migrants form solidarity networks challenging oppression and engaging in processes of reflection, re-interpretation, and the enactment of new ways of being and doing. Migrants' narratives and artistic creations reflect not only complex GBV experiences, but also positive psychological changes that shape their agency, often leading to an expanded ability to make strategic life choices - empowerment
'En México, desde que usted entra... ¿de dónde tenemos para pagar a los policías?' Institutional Machismo Affecting Migrant Women Heading North
Get PDFIn 2023, Mexico was a transit and destination country for more than 700,000 undocumented migrants, the highest number ever recorded. Many of them are women and girls. While both men and women are exposed to violence on their journey, undocumented migrant women experience specific forms of violence and discrimination at the hands of migration guards, workers in state detention centres and migrant shelters, and bureaucrats. Drawing on concepts of male chauvinism, institutional violence and state violence along the migration route, and feminicidal violence, as well as data collected in a migrant shelter in Mexico City in 2023, this article focuses on institutional machismo as a set of violent norms by state officials, migration agents and shelter workers that exacerbate the dangers of undocumented women's journeys and jeopardise their ability to overcome the gender values they have learned. This article also shows how women's narratives of the journey reveal that some women have begun to articulate a more egalitarian understanding of gender roles. For them, the migration journey becomes a transformative experience from which they emerge empowered
On becoming motivated Europeans: a study on European Young Adults’ intention to vote in general elections
Get PDFThis study examines the voting intentions of young adults across five European countries—Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom—using Self-Determination Theory (SDT) as a foundational framework to understand motivation and participation in the political sphere. Given the context of widespread institutional distrust and sociopolitical shifts in Europe, this research integrates SDT constructs—such as needs satisfaction, motivation, and amotivation—alongside participative efficacy and politicized identification. The Politicized Identification Model of Intention to Vote (PIMIV) was tested, hypothesizing that the fulfillment of psychological needs would enhance intrinsic motivation, which would, in turn, indirectly influence voting intentions through politicized identification. Results indicate that the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness fosters intrinsic motivation, positively impacting voting intentions through the mediating role of politicized identification. Conversely, amotivation negatively affects both voting intentions and identification with the group of voters. The study’s findings, which were consistent across all analyzed countries, highlight the importance of both individual and group factors in shaping political engagement. This research provides insight into the mechanisms driving electoral participation and underscores the role of social identification in fostering civic engagement, offering practical implications for enhancing political motivation among young Europeans. Thus, this study opens new avenues for future research into the psychological underpinnings of democratic participation
