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Narrativas de odio y contranarrativas en X. Un estudio sobre la violencia digital contra mujeres políticas
No full textIntroduction:This study analyses hate speech as a form of media violence towards women politicians on social networks, focusing on the comments generated in Spanish news media publications on the social network X. Methodology: A qualitative-quantitative analysis of 37,249 publications from five digital media during January 2021 was carried out. Publications featuring female politicians as protagonists were manually selected. Three types of discourse were identified: hate(extreme and offensive), counter-narratives or upstander discourse, and neutral discourse. Results:The analysis revealed that haters, mostly men, have a greater reach and activity in disseminating hate messages. On the other hand, upstanders, mainly associated with women, participate less and have less impact. This highlights the lack of counterweightsto hate speech on X, a space prone to misogynistic messages, mostly insults and uncivil expressions. Discussion:The results show an imbalance in digital debates, with haters dominating in reach and impact. This scenario underlines the need to implement more effective moderation strategies and to encourage greater participation of counter-narratives, especially in spaces run by news media. Conclusions:X debates facilitate the dissemination of misogynistic discourse, predominantly in the form of insults. To mitigate this phenomenon, it is essential to strengthen counter-narratives, engage more users and implement active moderation measures, backed by aninstitutional framework, to curb the perpetuation of digital hate.Introducción: Este estudio analiza el discurso de odio como una forma de violencia mediática hacia mujeres políticas en redes sociales, enfocándose en los comentarios generados en publicaciones de medios informativos españoles en la red social X. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un análisis cuali-cuantitativo de 37.249 publicaciones de cinco medios digitales durante enero de 2021. Se seleccionaron manualmente aquellas publicaciones que tenían como protagonistas a mujeres políticas. Se identificaron tres tipos de discurso: odio (extremo y ofensivo), contranarrativas o discursos upstander, y discursos neutrales. Resultados: El análisis reveló que los odiadores, en su mayoría hombres, tienen un mayor alcance y actividad en la difusión de mensajes de odio. Por otro lado, los upstanders, asociados principalmente a mujeres, participan menos y tienen menor impacto. Esto resalta la falta de contrapesos frente al discurso de odio en X, un espacio propenso para mensajes misóginos, mayormente insultos y expresiones incívicas. Discusión: Los resultados muestran un desequilibrio en los debates digitales, con los odiadores dominando en alcance e impacto. Este escenario subraya la necesidad de implementar estrategias de moderación más efectivas y de fomentar una mayor participación de contranarrativas, especialmente en espacios gestionados por medios informativos. Conclusiones: Los debates en X facilitan la difusión de discursos misóginos, predominantemente en forma de insultos. Para mitigar este fenómeno, es fundamental fortalecer las contranarrativas, involucrar más usuarios y aplicar medidas de moderación activas, respaldadas por un marco institucional, que frenen la perpetuación del odio digital
The impact of sleep hygiene on pain management in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia: systematic review
No full textBackground: Pain is a personal and subjective experience that can only be described by the patient, especially for those with fibromyalgia. While much is known about the key role of sleep in optimizing many functions, little has been explored regarding how it modulates pain perception. A bidirectional relationship between pain perception and sleep disturbances has been documented. This paper focuses on reviewing research on the relationship between sleep and pain perception specifically in patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia.Materials and Methods. A systematic review of published studies was conducted on the relationship between sleep disorders or poor sleep hygiene and pain perception in adult patients (18-65 years) diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The literature search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE and Scopus, Results. The results show that implementing strategies to improve sleep hygiene can reduce pain intensity and enhance the quality of life of patients. Additionally, it was observed that the lack of restorative sleep exacerbates fatigue symptoms and negatively affects cognitive and emotional functioning. Conclusión. The systematic review suggests that improving sleep hygiene is an effective intervention for managing pain in fibromyalgia patients. Incorporating healthy sleep habits into treatment could alleviate symptoms and optimize the clinical management of this condition, thus improving the quality of life
From Word-of-Mouth to Social Buzz: A Triangulated Bibliometric Analysis of Viral Marketing Using Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace
No full textIntroductionThis bibliometric analysis examines the global research landscape on viral marketing using data extracted from the Scopus database and analyzed with Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace. Viral marketing, characterized by rapid message dissemination through digital networks and consumer sharing, has gained significant scholarly attention across diverse disciplines.
ObjectiveThe annual scientific output reveals a steady growth in publications, reflecting increasing academic interest and the evolution of research themes over time.
MethodAnalysis of top influential researcher’s highlights key contributors shaping the field’s theoretical and methodological advancements. Prominent scientific journals, particularly in marketing, consumer behavior, and information systems, serve as primary publication outlets, fostering interdisciplinary dialogue.
ResultsGlobal research contributions by nation indicate that the United States, China, and India are leading producers, supported by active collaborations illustrated in the timeline network visualization of country partnerships. Co-citation analysis of cited authors and journals uncovers core intellectual foundations and interlinked knowledge domains. Bibliographic coupling of documents and co-occurrence of author keywords reveal thematic clusters that define the research focus, while thematic evolution and the thematic map highlight the transition from foundational studies to emerging topics such as social media analytics and influencer marketing. Trend topic analysis indicates growing emphasis on data-driven targeting, user engagement, and algorithmic influence modeling.
ConclusionsThe study identifies research gaps in cross-cultural comparative studies, ethical considerations, and the integration of emerging technologies into viral marketing strategies, with practical implications for marketers seeking to optimize campaigns in a rapidly evolving digital environment
Análisis espaciotemporal de estimaciones de precipitación y temperaturas de Chirps y Worldclim en la cuenca del río Sonora, México
No full textContextualization: The precipitation and temperature estimates in the Sonora River Basin, Mexico, are analyzed using Chirps and WorldClim raster data. These platforms help compensate for the lack of data due to low or nonexistent instrumentation, providing valuable information for territorial planning and decision-making.
Knowledge Gap: Despite the information generated from remote sensors that facilitate the interpolation and estimation of climate variables in areas without direct measurements, uncertainties persist regarding the accuracy of interpolated raster data compared to ground-based climatological records, especially in regions with low station density and diverse geographical features.
Purpose: The main objective is to assess the accuracy of Chirps precipitation estimates and WorldClim maximum and minimum temperature estimates using monthly records from 19 climatological stations in the Sonora River Basin during the period 1981–2013.
Methodology: Data from Chirps and WorldClim were collected and compared with climatological station records using the Percentage Bias (PBIAS) and the Standard Deviation Ratio (RSR). R programming routines were used for analysis.
Results and Conclusions: The results show that Chirps and WorldClim estimates exhibit a "Good" to "Very Good" fit. However, cases of underestimation and overestimation were identified, primarily in temperature estimates. Temperature estimates showed a high degree of accuracy, whereas precipitation estimates displayed greater dispersion. Raster-based data platforms are reliable for climate studies and planning in the region.Contextualización: se analizan las estimaciones de precipitación y temperatura en la cuenca del río Sonora, México, utilizando datos ráster de Chirps y WorldClim. Con estas plataformas se puede suplir la ausencia de datos debido a la baja o nula instrumentación, aportando información para la planificación y toma de decisiones a nivel territorial.
Vacío de conocimiento: a pesar de la información generada a partir de sensores remotos que facilitan la interpolación y estimación de variables climáticas en áreas sin mediciones directas, persisten dudas sobre la precisión de los datos interpolados en rásters en comparación con los registros climatológicos obtenidos en tierra, especialmente en áreas de baja densidad de estaciones y diversidad geográfica.
Propósito: el objetivo principal es evaluar la precisión de las estimaciones de precipitación de Chirps y de las temperaturas máxima y mínima de WorldClim, usando registros mensuales de 19 estaciones climatológicas en la cuenca del río Sonora durante el periodo 1981-2013.
Metodología: se recopilaron datos de Chirps y WorldClim, comparándolos con registros de estaciones climatológicas mediante el Valor Absoluto del Error Relativo (PBIAS) y la relación de la Desviación Estándar (RSR). Se utilizaron rutinas de código en R.
Resultados y conclusiones: los resultados muestran que las estimaciones de Chirps y WorldClim presentan un ajuste "Bueno" a "Muy bueno". No obstante, se identificaron casos de subestimación y sobreestimación principalmente en las temperaturas. Las estimaciones de temperaturas mostraron un alto grado de ajuste, mientras que las de precipitación fueron más dispersas. Las plataformas con datos en ráster son confiables para estudios climáticos y de planificación en la región
Marcadores moleculares y diversidad genética en conejos: herramientas para la mejora y conservación
No full textContextualization: Genetic diversity in rabbits is a fundamental component for ensuring population health and optimizing productive traits. This variability reduces the risk of diseases associated with the homozygosity of harmful recessive alleles and improves carcass quality. Globally, countries such as China, Italy, Spain, and France lead rabbit production, while in America, both consumption and production remain limited. Due to its nutritional properties high protein content, low cholesterol levels, and significant contributions of vitamins and minerals rabbit meat represents a healthy alternative to other animal protein sources.
Knowledge gap: Despite the growing body of literature, important gaps remain in terms of geographic coverage and breed representation. Most studies have been conducted in Europe, Asia, and North Africa, with limited information from the Americas, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Oceania. Furthermore, there is a tendency to focus on commercial breeds, to the detriment of local or breeds, whose genetic diversity and adaptability are still poorly explored. This situation limits a comprehensive understanding of the genetic heritage of rabbits.
Purpose: Conduct a systematic review of the most widely used molecular techniques for analyzing genetic diversity in rabbits, in order to identify the most effective methodologies for strengthening sustainable rabbit production.
Methodology: A systematic review of articles available in specialized databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was carried out. Predefined inclusion criteria were applied, and the extracted data were organized and analyzed descriptively. Excel and Canva were used for the graphical presentation of results.
Results and conclusions: The results show a predominance in the use of microsatellites, followed by mitochondrial DNA, SNPs, WGS, and, to a lesser extent, dominant markers such as ISSR, SCoT, and AFLP. It is concluded that, although new techniques are emerging, microsatellites continue to be the most widely applied markers in population genetics studies in rabbits.Contextualización: La diversidad genética en conejos es un componente fundamental para asegurar la salud poblacional y optimizar parámetros productivos. Esta variabilidad reduce el riesgo de enfermedades vinculadas a la homocigosidad de alelos recesivos y mejora la calidad de la canal. A nivel global, países como China, Italia, España y Francia lideran la producción cunícola, mientras que en América Latina su consumo y producción siguen siendo reducidos. Por sus características nutricionales, alto contenido proteico, bajo nivel de colesterol y aporte de vitaminas y minerales, la carne de conejo representa una opción saludable frente a otras proteínas animales.Vacío de conocimiento: Pese al creciente cuerpo de literatura, persisten vacíos importantes relacionados con la cobertura geográfica y la representación de razas. La mayoría de los estudios se han realizado en Europa, Asia y África del Norte, con escasa información procedente de América, África Subsahariana y Oceanía. Asimismo, existe una tendencia hacia el estudio de razas comerciales, en detrimento de las locales o criollas, cuya diversidad genética y adaptabilidad siguen siendo poco exploradas. Esta situación limita la comprensión integral del patrimonio genético del conejo.Propósito: Realizar una revisión sistemática de las técnicas moleculares más utilizadas en el análisis de diversidad genética en conejos, con el fin de identificar las metodologías más efectivas para fortalecer la producción cunícola sostenible.Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de artículos disponibles en bases de datos especializadas como PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Google Scholar. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión definidos previamente, y los datos extraídos fueron organizados y analizados de forma descriptiva. Para la presentación gráfica se emplearon herramientas como Excel y Canva.Resultados y conclusiones: Los resultados muestran una predominancia en el uso de microsatélites, seguidos de ADN mitocondrial, SNPs, WGS y, en menor medida, marcadores dominantes como ISSR, SCoT y AFLP. Se concluye que, aunque surgen nuevas técnicas, los microsatélites continúan siendo los más aplicados en estudios de genética poblacional en conejos.Palabras clave: Diagnóstico molecular; diversidad biológica; microsatélites; Oryctolagus cuniculus; recursos genéticos
Digital Technologies and Education, strategies to Strengthen Food Security in Smallholder Farming Communities
No full textThe objective of this review article was to analyze how digital content has been used over the last five years to strengthen food security in rural communities. It was developed using a qualitative interpretive approach, with a phenomenological design and descriptive scope, based on a review of literature indexed in databases. The methodology consisted of identifying, systematizing, and categorizing studies published in Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and multilateral organizations, grouping the information into thematic areas related to digital skills, good agricultural practices, hygiene and handling, sustainable use of inputs, food preservation, food security education, and barriers to technology adoption. The results showed that digital tools, such as mobile applications, interactive platforms, local videos, and digitized participatory methodologies, promoted the acquisition of technical and cultural knowledge in rural communities. Likewise, limitations associated with infrastructure gaps, digital literacy, and unequal access to technological resources were identified. The main contribution of the study was to highlight the relevance of digital content as a means of promoting food security with a territorial approach. It was concluded that educational digitization is a viable strategy for capacity building in the agri-food sector
De lo sublime a lo ínfimo. Cosmo estética y sentimientos estéticos.
No full textThispapercriticallyaddressestheaestheticconceptthat,sincephilosophicalmodernityhasshapedthesentimentalrelationshipofhumanbeingswiththeso-calledNature,thefeelingofthesublime.Theaimistocontributetothedelimitationofaworkingquarryofacosmo-aestheticsorterrestrialaesthetics,whichisconceivedasaphilosophicaldisciplineconcernedwiththetraditionalissuesofsensibilityandcreativity from a more than human (and deandrocentric) perspective and in thehorizonopenedbythespatio-temporaldislocationknownbythenamesofGaiaandthe Anthropocene. The Kantian version of the sublime is especially worked on, sinceitis therethata touchstoneis provided forthesentimental experienceof humanexceptionality,whichimplies,ofcourse,theexceptionalityofacertaintypeofhuman. Consequently,thepossibilityofthinkingofanotheraestheticfeelingwillbepointedout,thatoftheinfimous(gr.bathos,lat.infimus),which, clinging tothe closenessproposedby hearing and touch, would provide us with anexperience of the slow rhythm of theinterconnected flow between the existents of the Earth.Estetrabajoabordacríticamenteelconcepto estéticoquedesdelamodernidadfilosóficahamoldeadolarelaciónsentimentaldelossereshumanosconlaasíllamadaNaturaleza:elsentimientodelosublime.Elobjetivoescontribuirala delimitacióndeunacantera detrabajodeuna cosmoestética,oestética terrestre,queseconcibecomounadisciplinafilosóficaocupadaconlostradicionalesasuntosdelasensibilidady la creatividad desdeuna perspectiva más quehumana (y desandrocentrada) y enelhorizonteabiertoporeldescalabroespacio-temporalconocidoconlosnombresdeGaiayAntropoceno.Setrabajaráespecialmentesobrelaversiónkantianadelosublime,yaqueestaproporcionaunapiedradetoqueparalaexperienciasentimentaldelaexcepcionalidadhumana,queimplica,porsupuesto,laexcepcionalidaddeciertotipodehumanos.Apartirdeallí,sedejaráseñaladalaposibilidaddepensarotrosentimientoestético, el de lo ínfimo, que, aferrado a la cercaníaque proponen el oídoyeltacto, nos proporcionaría una experiencia delritmolento delfluirinterconectadoentre los existentes de la Tierra
Microstrip-fed tap monopole antenna with ultra-wideband performance for IoT and 5G applications
No full textIn this paper, a planar microstrip-fed tab monopole antenna is designed and presented for ultra-wideband (UWB) wireless communication applications. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna is enhanced by adding a slit on one side of the monopole, introducing a tapered transition between the monopole and the feed line, and incorporating a two-step staircase notch in the ground plane. The proposed antenna would be printed on an Epoxy FR4 substrate, has a small size of 16×19mm, and provides an ultra-wide bandwidth from 1.2 to 20.8 GHz with a low VSWR level and good radiation characteristics, satisfying the requirements of current and future wireless communications systems.En este artículo se diseña y presenta una antena monopolo en tapa con alimentación Microstrip para aplicaciones de comunicaciones inalámbricas de ultrabanda ancha (UWB). El ancho de banda de impedancia de la antena se mejora mediante la adición de una ranura en un lado del monopolo, la introducción de una transición gradual entre el monopolo y la línea de alimentación, y la incorporación de una muesca escalonada de dos niveles en el plano de tierra. La antena propuesta se imprimiría sobre un sustrato de Epoxy FR4, tiene un tamaño reducido de 16×19 mm y proporciona un ancho de banda ultraancho desde 1.2 hasta 20.8 GHz, con un bajo nivel de VSWR y buenas características de radiación, lo que satisface los requisitos de los sistemas de comunicaciones inalámbricas actuales y futuros
Los antecedentes y la actualidad de la migración interna japonesa: alcances y límites del fenómeno “retorno rural"
No full textCurrently, there is a migration of young Japanese to the countryside known as “rural return” or “return to rural life”, a phenomenon that has been investigated in Japanese academia and has become important for municipal and local policy decisions, with the aim of repopulating areas that have historically been losing population. Based on an extensive bibliographical analysis of this migration phenomenon, which has not been much discussed abroad, the article highlights some characteristics of rural return in Japan. As a result of this research, it is exposed that, although the social commitment of these young people to rural communities is pointed out and the question of social classes is not manifested as in other countries which experience migration to rurality, the growing interest of young people could introduce new actors who have not been before in the framework of the analysis of the theory of rural return.Actualmente, existe una migración de los jóvenes japoneses hacia el campo que se conoce como “retorno rural” o “retorno a la vida rural”, fenómeno que ha sido investigado en la academia japonesa y que ha cobrado importancia para la toma de decisiones políticas municipales y locales, con el objetivo de repoblar las zonas que históricamente han ido perdiendo población. A partir de un amplio análisis bibliográfico de este fenómeno migratorio que no se ha abordado mucho en el extranjero, el artículo destaca algunas características particulares del retorno rural en Japón. Como resultado de esta investigación, se expone que, si bien se destaca el compromiso social de estos jóvenes con las comunidades rurales y no se manifiesta la cuestión de clases sociales como en otros países que experimentan la migración hacia la ruralidad, el creciente interés de los jóvenes podría introducir nuevos actores que no han estado antes en el marco del análisis de la teoría del retorno rural