Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi - Sivas Cumhuriyet University Open Access System
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All Together and Separately: Learning to Learn in the Studio
No full textThis study aims to develop learning to learn and self-learning in the architectural design studio. The study considers that one of the ways in which the architectural design studio can be resistant to environmental conditions is to be aware of and manage the way the architecture student learns. The main theme of the methodological approach is learning how to learn, and its experients are first-year architecture students. The method consists of design research and a questionnaire. Design research is configured as a two-stage pedagogical approach: The first phase consists of an abstraction practice and results in a physical model. The second stage includes a single-function small-scale design task and imposes the use of design knowledge obtained from the physical model in the first stage as a mandatory condition. The study concluded in three basic positions: The first is that the first-grade architecture student establishes the relationality of comprehending-understanding-making sense of self-learning and learning mode. Second, the student has become a direct active learner, and finally, a way of making use of the built environment as an educational object has been discovered. Broadly, the study has enabled the students to become aware of self-learning. Improving such a learning culture in architectural education can provide a way to prepare for an uncertain future
Nörolojik Hastalıklarda Telerehabilitasyon Kullanılabilirlik Anketinin Geliştirilmesi, Güvenilirliği ve Geçerliliği
No full textThe purpose was to develop Telerehabilitation Usability Questionnaire (TrUQ) and evaluate its validity and reliability in neurological diseases. Ninety-five people with Multiple Sclerosis, stroke, and Parkinson’s disease participated in this study. Content validity was assessed by an expert panel of 5 physiotherapist experienced in telerehabilitation. Construct validity was investigated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA). Test-retest reliability and Internal consistency were used to evaluate the reliability of the TrUQ. A three-factor structure was determined based on EFA. Accordingly, three factors correspond to three subscales, on the TrUQ: system availability, exercise feasibility, and telerehabilitation security. Furthermore, the model fits well according to CFA results: χ²/df = 1.573, CFI = 0.925, IFI = 0.929, GFI = 0.909, and RMSEA = 0.078. The questionnaire was proven to have an acceptable reliability level (Cronbach’s alpha= 0.712) and it was found that all items were necessary. Finally, a 10-item version was obtained, and TrUQ was shown to have acceptable test–retest reliability (ICC=645) TrUQ is a valid and reliable questionnaire can be used to measure usability of the telerehabilitation systems in neurological diseases. Adaptation to different languages and diseases is recommended to be widely applicable.Bu çalışmanın amacı, Telerehabilitasyon Kullanılabilirlik Anketini (TrKA) geliştirmek ve nörolojik hastalıklarda geçerliliğini ve güvenilirliğini değerlendirmektir. Çalışmaya Multipl Skleroz, inme ve Parkinson hastalığı olan toplam 95 katılımcı dahil edilmiştir. İçerik geçerliliği, telerehabilitasyon konusunda deneyimli 5 fizyoterapistten oluşan bir uzman paneli tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Yapı geçerliliği, Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi (EFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (CFA) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Güvenilirlik ise iç tutarlılık ve test-tekrar test güvenilirliği ile değerlendirilmiştir. EFA, TrKA'nın üç alt ölçekle ilişkili üç faktör yapısına sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur: sistem kullanılabilirliği, egzersiz uygulanabilirliği ve telerehabilitasyon güvenliği. CFA sonuçları, modelin iyi bir uyum sergilediğini göstermiştir (χ²/df = 1,573, CFI = 0,925, IFI = 0,929, GFI = 0,909, RMSEA = 0,078). TrKA, iç tutarlılık için 0.712 olan Cronbach alfa değeriyle kabul edilebilir bir güvenilirlik sergilemiş ve tüm maddelerin gerekli olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, 10 maddelik bir versiyon oluşturulmuş ve TrUQ'nun test-tekrar test güvenilirliğinin iyi olduğu tespit edilmiştir (ICC = 0,645). TrKA, nörolojik hastalıklarda telerehabilitasyon sistemlerinin kullanılabilirliğini değerlendirmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir araçtır. Daha geniş bir kullanım alanı için farklı dillere ve hastalıklara uyarlanması önerilmektedir
The relationship between the child's problematic media use and the parental reading belief and smartphone addiction
No full textThe aim was to reveal the prevalence of problematic media use in children and investigate its relationship with parental reading beliefs and smartphone addiction. It was conducted with 390 parents of children aged 4-6. Problematic Media Use Measure-Short Form (PMUM-SF), Parent Reading Belief Inventory (PRBI) and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) were used. Of the children, 15.4% had high levels of problematic media use. Of the parents, 14.9% had a high belief in reading, and 6.7% had a high risk of smartphone addiction. The important indicators of the child's problematic media use were the child's use of a screen alone and his/her reaction by crying when screen use was not allowed. While the child's problematic media use was positively related to parental smartphone addiction, it was negatively related, although not statistically significant, to the parent's reading belief
Determination of the Level of Knowledge about the Human Papilloma Virus and the Vaccine: A Sample of a District
No full textGiriş: Bu araştırmada yetişkin bireylerin Human Papilloma Virüsü (HPV) ve HPV aşısına yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç- Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini bir ilçe merkezinde yaşayan on sekiz yaş üzeri 1045 kadın ve erkek oluşturdu. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Human Papilloma Virüsü Bilgi Ölçeği (HPV-BÖ)” kullanılarak toplandı. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 16.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzdelik dağılım, Mann Whitney U testi, ve Kruskal Wallis analizi kullanıldı. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede pABSTRACT Objective: This study aims to determine adult individuals’ level of knowledge about the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and the HPV vaccine. Methods: The sample of this descriptive study was composed of 1045 men and women who were aged 18 and above and lived in a district center. Data were collected through the “Personal Information Form” and the “Human Papilloma Virus Knowledge Scale (HPV-KS)”. Data collected from the study were analyzed using the SPSS for Windows 16.0 program. Data analysis included percentage distributions, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis analysis. Statistical significance was accepted as
Inhibition of the TRPM2 cation channel attenuates morphine tolerance by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in rats
No full textOpioid drugs such as morphine are frequently preferred drugs for severe pain in cancer and chronic diseases, but long-term use causes opioid tolerance. The mechanism of tolerance to opioids is quite complex and not fully understood. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effects of TRPM2 cation channel antagonists N-(pamylcinnamoyl) anthranilic acid (ACA) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) on morphine analgesia and tolerance in rats. Forty-eight Wistar Albino male rats were included in the study and the rats were randomly divided into drug and control (saline) groups. To induce morphine tolerance, the rats were injected with 10 mg/ kg morphine intraperitoneally for 7 days. After thermal analgesia tests, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and cortex tissues were isolated. Proapoptotic mediators caspase-3 and 9, total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) and ER stress proteins GRP78/BiP, ATF-6, p-IRE1 and pERK levels were measured by biochemical analysis of tissue homogenates. The findings showed that there was a significant decrease in morphine tolerance in rats administered ACA and 2-APB (p<0.05). In addition, biochemical tests revealed a significant decrease in ER stress proteins, proapoptotic biomarkers and TOS levels and a significant increase in TAS levels in DRG, thalamus and sensory cortex tissues (p<0.05). In conclusion, inhibition of TRPM2 cation channel by ACA and 2APB reduces morphine tolerance by preventing ER stress and apoptosis. It may be possible to increase the analgesic potential of morphine by combined application with ACA and 2-APB in the clinic, but further experimental and molecular studies are needed.Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Project, CUBAP, Sivas, Turkey [SHMYO-2021-018]This study was supported by Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Project (SHMYO-2021-018, CUBAP, Sivas, Turkey)
A novel approach to atmospheric turbulence detection in free-space optical communication links using DCGAN with hyperparameter optimization and transfer learning models
No full textThis study focuses on detecting turbulence-induced disturbances in Free-Space Optical (FSO) communication links, which are highly susceptible to environmental factors such as temperature, pressure, and humidity variations. To address the problem of limited data in turbulence detection, we applied DCGAN-based data augmentation to a dataset in this area for the first time in the literature, increasing the sample size and achieving class balance across six different turbulence types. Bayesian Optimization was used to fine-tune DCGAN hyperparameters, leading to high-quality synthetic images as validated by Inception Score (IS) and Frechet Inception Distance (FID) metrics. We trained ResNet-50, EfficientNetB7, DenseNet121 and InceptionV3 transfer learning models on the augmented dataset, and ResNet-50 achieved the best balance between computational efficiency with 98.89 % accuracy and 7789 ms training time. Experimental results highlight the potential of deep learning in improving FSO communication reliability under diverse atmospheric conditions. Future work could focus on collecting larger, more varied real-world datasets, employing advanced augmentation techniques, optimizing models for real-time processing, and integrating FSO systems with emerging technologies like 5G/6G and LIDAR to enhance robustness against environmental disturbances
The effect of the empathy levels of nurses working in pediatric clinics on their nursing roles and functions
No full textBu araştırma pediatri kliniklerinde çalışan hemşirelerin empati düzeylerinin hemşirelik rol ve işlevleri üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, tanımlayıcı, kesitsel olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma 20 Mart 2024-15 Ağustos 2024 tarihleri arasında, Ankara'da bir hastanede pediatri kliniklerinde çalışan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 173 pediatri hemşiresi ile yapılmıştır. Veriler Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, JEÖ ve Çocuk Hemşirelerinin Rol ve İşlevlerini Uygulama Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın yapılabilmesi için etik kurul onayı ve kurum izni alınmıştır. Veriler SPSS 24.0 Programında tanımlayıcı istatistiksel ölçümler, t-testi, OneWayAnova, Mann-Withney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hemşirelerin %53,2'si 22-26 yaşlarında, %79,8'i kadın, %63,6'sı bekar ve %86,7'si çocuk sahibi değildir. Hemşirelerin%81,5'i lisans mezunu olduğu ve %63'ünün de pediatri alanında 1-3 yıldır çalıştığı belirlenmiştir. JEÖ toplam puan ortalaması 100,54±15,82, Çocuk Hemşirelerinin Rol ve İşlevlerini Uygulama Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 250,98±26,93'tür. İki ölçeğin alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde düşük düzeyde korelasyon vardır. Ölçek toplam puanları arasındaki ilişkinin anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Regresyon analizi sonucunda JEÖ alt boyutlarından PT, CC ve SPS değişkenleri birlikte, hemşirelik rol ve işlevlerin uygulanmasıyla anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş, çocuk sayısı, eğitim durumu ve çalışma yılındaki artış ile, JEÖ puan ortalaması arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır (p<,05). Hemşirelerin çocuk servisinde kendi isteğiyle çalışmaları, çalışma ortamından memnun olmaları ile, Çocuk Hemşirelerinin Rol ve İşlevlerini Uygulama Ölçeği puan ortalaması arasında istatistiksel olarak farkın anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır. Pediatri kliniklerinde tecrübeye sahip hemşirelerin görevlendirilmesi, empati düzeylerini arttırmaya yönelik eğitimler, konu hakkında büyük gruplarla ileri düzeyde çalışmalar yapılması önerilebilir.This study was conducted as a descriptive, cross-sectional study to determine the effect of empathy levels of nurses working in pediatric clinics on nursing roles and functions. The study was conducted between March 20, 2024 and August 15, 2024 with 173 pediatric nurses working in pediatric clinics in a hospital in Ankara and who agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, JEÖ and the Scale for the Application of Roles and Functions of Pediatric Nurses. Ethics committee approval and institutional permission were obtained for the study to be conducted. Data were evaluated using descriptive statistical measurements, t-test, OneWayAnova, Mann-Withney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests in the SPSS 24.0 Program. 53.2% of the nurses were between the ages of 22-26, 79.8% were female, 63.6% were single and 86.7% did not have children. It was determined that 81.5% of the nurses had a bachelor's degree and 63% had been working in the field of pediatrics for 1-3 years. The total score average of JEÖ was 100.54±15.82, and the total score average of the Scale for the Application of Roles and Functions of Pediatric Nurses was 250.98±26.93. There was a low level of positive correlation between the sub-dimensions of the two scales. The relationship between the total scores of the scale was found to be significant. As a result of the regression analysis, it was found that there was a significant relationship between the variables of the JEÖ sub-dimensions PT, CC and SPS together with the application of nursing roles and functions. It was determined that the difference between the age, number of children, education status and the increase in the number of years of work of the nurses participating in the study and the mean score of the JEÖ was statistically significant (p<.05). It was determined that the difference between the nurses' voluntary work in the pediatric ward, their satisfaction with the work environment and the mean score of the Scale for the Application of Roles and Functions of Pediatric Nurses was statistically significant. It may be recommended that experienced nurses be assigned to pediatric clinics, that training be provided to increase empathy levels, and that advanced studies be conducted with large groups on the subject
Formulation of Fiber-Enriched Crackers with Oleaster Powder: Effect on Functional, Textural, and Sensory Attributes
No full textThe objective of this study was to produce fiber-enriched crackers by substitution of corn flour and whole wheat flour with oleaster powder (OP) at levels of 0% (C-0), 10% (C-10), 20% (C-20), 30% (C-30), and 50% (C-50) and to determine their sensory, textural, color, and bioactive properties, as well as revealing their dietary fiber and glycemic index values. The results showed that the L* values of the samples were found to range from 62.39 (C-30) to 67.31 (C-0), a* values from 4.43 (C-10) to 8.30 (C-50), and b* values from 21.32 (C-10) to 27.40 (C-50). The hardness and fracturability of the samples decreased with increasing OP concentration, with hardness values ranging from 77.45 to 363.35 N and fracturabilitiy values ranging from 23.30 to 33.90 mm. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the cracker samples ranged from 7.39 to 15.06 mg GAE/100 g, while DPPH radical scavenging activity, CUPRAC antioxidant activity, and FRAP assay values increased with the elevating OP concentration, spanning 4.76 to 93.09 mg TE/100 g, 191.03 to 557.4 mg TE/100 g, and 35.70 to 129.90 mg TE/100 g, respectively. The total dietary fiber content also increased in parallel with the OP level (from 6.83 to 15.15%). The Hydrolysis index values ranged from 109.00 to 74.49%. Although all cracker samples were classified as high glycemic index foods, OP incorporation also decreased the glycemic values up to similar to 19% with values ranging from 80.60 (C-50) to 99.55 (C-0). In conclusion, the addition of OP significantly improved the nutritional properties of the crackers by increasing their dietary fiber, TPC and antioxidant activities as well as decreasing their glycemic index without affecting the sensory attributes. Achieving a balance between nutritional improvement and desirable sensory attributes remains key for optimizing cracker formulations.Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversityNo specific acknowledgments are required for this work
Importance of electronic and steric effects on proton tunneling dynamics of 2-substituted Malonaldehyde: A computational approach
No full textThis study explores how the electronic and steric effects of various substituents influence the proton tunneling dynamics of isolated malonaldehyde. By employing computational methods, we analyze the shape of the potential barrier, the electronic structure of the transition state, the vibrational spectrum, and the energy splitting of the hydroxyl vibrational level based on the substituent's characteristics. Additionally, we investigate the rates of proton tunneling at room temperature. Although this methodological approach is developed for free molecules, it can also be applied to study and design hydrogen-based molecular crystals for optical and electronic applications
Determination of weld quality using image processing method
No full textBu çalışma, kaynak işlemlerinde kaynak kalitesini değerlendirmek amacıyla görüntü işleme tekniklerinin nasıl kullanılabileceğini incelemektedir. OpenCV tabanlı görüntü işleme yöntemleri kullanılarak kaynaklı bağlantılardaki hataların tespit edilme potansiyeli değerlendirilmiştir. Kaynaklı imalat süreçlerinde kalite kontrolün etkin bir şekilde yapılması, üretim sürecinde karşılaşılabilecek sorunların önlenmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Geleneksel kalite kontrol yöntemleri bazen yeterli olmayabilir veya insan hatası nedeniyle doğruluk seviyesi düşebilir. Bu nedenle, kaynak dikişlerindeki hataları daha hızlı ve hassas bir şekilde tespit edebilmek için görüntü işleme teknikleri alternatif bir yöntem olarak düşünülebilir. Bu çalışma, bu tür görüntü işleme tekniklerinin kaynak süreçlerinde nasıl uygulanabileceğini ele almaktadır. Çalışmada, iki adet nokta lazer kullanılarak görüntü üzerinde referans noktaları belirlenmiş ve bu sayede düzlemsel yüzeylerde oldukça hassas ölçüm sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Bu yöntem, kaynak dikişlerinin geometrik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde daha doğru sonuçlar sunabilmiştir. Ayrıca bu yöntem, kaynak dikişlerinde meydana gelebilecek gözenek, çatlak ve sıçrantı gibi hataların tespit edilmesini sağlamıştır. Bu analizler sırasında OpenCV kütüphanesi kullanılarak kenar tespiti ve kontur analizi gibi teknikler uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçların, ölçümlerin güvenilirliğini ve tutarlılığını artırabileceği düşünülmektedir. Kaynak hatalarının tespitinde geleneksel yöntemlerle kıyaslandığında, görüntü işleme tekniklerinin sürecin doğruluğunu artırmaya ve işlemleri daha hızlı hale getirmeye katkı sağladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Geleneksel yöntemlerin çoğunlukla manuel kontrol gerektirdiği ve bu nedenle insan faktöründen kaynaklanan hataların sıkça karşılaşıldığı bilinmektedir. Görüntü işleme teknolojisi, bu tür hataları minimize ederek, otomatik ve tutarlı bir kalite kontrol süreci sağlama potansiyeline sahiptir. Özellikle endüstriyel uygulamalarda, hataların erken ve doğru tespiti, üretim süreçlerinin kalitesi ve güvenliği üzerinde doğrudan etki yapmaktadır. Bu tür hataların zamanında tespit edilmesi, hem ürün kalitesinin artırılmasına olanak tanır. Ayrıca, iş güvenliği açısından risklerin minimize edilmesi ve operasyonel verimliliğin artırılması açısından da büyük önem taşımaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada geliştirilen görüntü işleme yöntemlerinin kaynak kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde faydalı olabileceği görülmüştür. Nokta lazer kullanımı ile yapılan ölçümlerin, standartlara uygunluk kontrolünde ölçüm hassasiyetinin ve doğru tanımlamanın önemine katkı sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Görüntü işleme tekniklerinin endüstriyel uygulamalarda daha yaygın hale gelmesi, kalite kontrol süreçlerinin etkinliğini artırabilir ve üretim süreçlerini daha güvenilir hale getirebilir.This study investigates how image processing techniques can be used to evaluate weld quality in welding processes. OpenCV-based image processing methods have been used to assess the potential for detecting defects in welded joints. Effective quality control in welding processes is crucial for preventing issues that may arise during production. Traditional quality control methods may sometimes be insufficient, or accuracy may decrease due to human error. Therefore, image processing techniques are considered as an alternative method to detect weld defects more quickly and accurately. This study focuses on how such image processing techniques can be applied in welding processes. In this study, two point lasers were used to determine reference points on the image, which provided highly precise measurement results on planar surfaces. This method contributed to the accurate determination of the geometric properties of weld seams. Moreover, it allowed the detection of potential defects such as porosity, cracks, and spatters in weld seams. During these analyses, techniques such as edge detection and contour analysis were applied using the OpenCV library. The results obtained are considered to improve the reliability and consistency of measurements. Compared to traditional methods, it has been observed that image processing techniques can enhance the accuracy of the process and make the inspections faster. Most traditional methods require manual inspection, which often leads to errors caused by human factors. Image processing technology minimizes such errors and has the potential to provide an automatic and consistent quality control process. Especially in industrial applications, the early and accurate detection of defects has a direct impact on the quality and safety of production processes. The timely detection of such defects not only allows for improved product quality but also helps to reduce production costs. Additionally, minimizing risks related to occupational safety and enhancing operational efficiency are of great importance. In conclusion, it was observed that the developed image processing methods could be beneficial for evaluating weld quality. Measurements using point lasers have been found to contribute to the importance of measurement precision and correct identification in ensuring compliance with standards. The wider adoption of image processing techniques in industrial applications can improve the efficiency of quality control processes and make production processes more reliable