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The effects of cover-copy-compare interventions to enhance fluency in mathematics: A systematic review study
Get PDFSystematic teaching techniques that offer a wide range of exercises need to be applied to enhance math fluency. Cover-Copy-Compare (CCC) is one of the most effective intervention used to increase the accuracy and fluency rate of students in basic facts. In the literature, it is noted that this intervention which is observed to be applied with different methods enable students to perform fluently and gain numerous math skills. This study aims to analyse studies using CCC for enhancing accuracy and fluency rate according to defined categories. In this study, 22 studies, which meet the inclusion criteria, were reviewed with document analysis. These studies were examined according to methodological and participant features, CCC interventions, effectiveness, maintenance, generalization, and social validity and the results were presented in tables within the scope of this study. The findings obtained through the document analysis were discussed together with limitations of the studies and suggestions for further studies. As a result, it can be said that CCC is a method that can easily be applied to enhance basic fact fluency of all students who are attending the first grade to tenth grade in general education and special education settings, all of whom are between the ages of 7-12. In this regard, when the implementers want to enhance fluency in basic facts, they can benefit from CCC, which is an evidence-based intervention and ensures systematic repetition
Investigation of incontinence-related dermatitis development in intensive care patients
No full textYoğun bakımın doğası gereği yoğun bakımda bulunmak birçok riski de beraberinde getirir. Bu risklerden biri ise yatağa bağımlılığın artmasına bağlı en sık gelişen deri ve doku bütünlüğünde bozulmadır. İAD, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde, deri ve doku hasarı sonucu en çok göze çarpan cilt lezyonudur. Cilt bütünlüğünün devamını sağlamanın ve İAD'den kaçınmanın en iyi yolu risk altındaki kişileri belirleyerek herhangi bir hasar oluşmadan harekete geçmektir. İAD için oluşturulan standart önleme ve tedavi algoritmalarının, İAD'i azaltmada hemşireler için yararlı olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Araştırmada yoğun bakım hastalarında inkontinans alakalı dermatit gelişiminin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapıldı. Evrenini bir araştırma hastanesinin iki yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan hastalar, örneklemi son 6 ay içinde bu ünitelere yatan 370 hasta üzerinden yapılan örneklem hesabı ile 185 hasta oluşturdu. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Hastalara İlişkin Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu ve İnkontinans ile İlişkili Dermatiti Değerlendirme Ölçeği ile toplandı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metodlar için; Shapiro-Wilk testi, karşılaştırmalarında Bağımsız Gruplar t testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, Bonferroni, Friedman Test, Pearson ki-kare test, Fisher's Exact testi kullanıldı. Sonucunda; hastaların %8,6'sında İAD geliştiği, İAD gelişen hastaların %87,5 inde fekal inkontinans, %12,5'inde fekal ve üriner inkontinansın birlikte olduğu, yatışlarının yedinci günlerine gelindiğinde mekanik ventilatöre bağlanma (p=0,09), uyarının algılanması (p˂0,01), hareketlilik (p˂0.01), beslenme (p˂0,04) durumunun inkontinans alakalı dermatit üzerinde etkili olduğu, İİDDÖ'den alınan puanın günlere göre dağılımında yatılan gün arttıkça alınan puandaki ortalama 1,53±1,96 ve 1,44±1,93 birimlik artış ile dermatit şiddetinin arttığı sonucuna varıldı (p=0,021; p<0,05).Because of the nature of intensive care, there are numerous hazards associated with being in intensive care. One of these risks is the degradation of skin and tissue integrity, which most often occurs as a result of extended period of being bedridden. IRD is the most visible skin lesion in intensive care units as a result of skin and tissue damage. Identifying persons at risk and taking action before any damage develops is the best method of maintaining skin integrity and avoid IRD. It has been proven that nurses have been successful in lowering IRD utilizing standard preventative and therapy algorithms created for IRD. The study's objective was to analyze the development of incontinence-related dermatitis in patients in intensive care. The research was descriptive and cross-sectional. The population was made up of patients admitted to two intensive care units at a research hospital, and the sample was made up of 185 patients drawn from a total of 370 patients admitted to both units in the previous six months. The data were collected utilizing the Incontinence-Related Dermatitis Rating Scale and the Patients' Descriptive Characteristics Form prepared by the researcher. For descriptive statistical methods in data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was utilized; for comparisons, the Independent Groups t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Bonferroni, Friedman Test, Pearson chi-square test, and Fisher's Exact test were utilized. As a result of the study, it has been concluded that IRD developed in 8.6% of the patients, that 87.5% of the patients who developed IRD had fecal incontinence and 12.5% of them had fecal and urinary incontinence together, that on the sevent day of admission, being connected to a mechanical ventilator (p=0.09), perceiving the warning (p˂0.01), mobility (p˂0.01), nutrition (p˂0.04) cases were affective on the incontinence related dermatitis, that in the distribution of the point taken from the İİDDÖ by days, with the increase in the number of inpatient days, the severity of dermatitis increased with the average increase in the point obtained by 1.53±1.96 and 1.44±1.93 units (p=0.021; p<0.05)
Investigation of long non-coding RNAs H19 and LINC00675 in colorectal cancers in terms of histopathological features and correlations with plasma markers
No full textBackground/aim: Functional and bioinformatic studies provide strong evidence that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can alter the molecular mechanisms of cancer through their interactions with DNA, RNAs, and proteins. This study aimed to evaluate the role of H19 and LINC00675 lncRNAs in colorectal cancers (CRCs) in terms of clinicopathological features. Materials and methods: Tumor and tumor-free surrounding tissue samples were obtained from 51 CRC cases. Total RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis were performed. qPCR was performed using the TaqMan non-coding lncRNA assay specific for H19 and LINC00675. Preoperative levels of plasma markers, lncRNA expression, and clinicopathological characteristics of the cases were evaluated statistically. Results: Expression of H19 in tumor tissue was found to be 2.11 times higher than that of tumor-free surrounding tissue (p<0.001). LINC00675 levels were found to be approximately three times higher in colon tumors than tumors with rectal involvement (p=0.019). There was a correlation between H19 expression and creatinine (r=0.408; p=0.003). In addition, correlations were detected between LINC00675 with albumin (r=0.303; p=0.03), and between LINC00675 with globulin (r=0.332; p=0.02). Conclusion: H19 is a candidate biomarker that can be evaluated in terms of prognosis and antineoplastic treatment response, while LINC00675 may be an important marker of the microenvironment of advanced stage tumors, especially in tumors with rectal involvement
Werner helicase is required for proliferation and DNA damage repair in multiple myeloma
Get PDFBackground Multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by extensive genomic instability and aberrant DNA damage repair, is a plasma cell malignancy due to the excessive proliferation of monoclonal antibody-producing plasma cells in the bone marrow. Despite the signifcant improvement in the survival of patients with the development of novel therapeutic agents, MM remains an incurable disease. Werner (WRN) helicase, a member of the RecQ helicase family that contributes to DNA replication, recombination, and repair, has been highlighted in cancer cell survival, yet the role and mechanism of WRN in MM remain unclear.
Methods and results Increased mRNA expression of WRN in newly diagnosed and relapsed CD138+myeloma plasma cells than normal CD138+plasma cells and their matched CD138−non-tumorigenic cells were detected by qPCR. Using NSC19630, a specifc WRN helicase inhibitor, we further showed decreased cell viability, proliferation, and DNA repair and increased DNA damage and apoptosis in MM cells by MTT assay, cell cycle assay, apoptosis assay, and Western blotting. Conclusions The results of the present study demonstrate that WRN is essential in MM cell viability, proliferation, and genomic stability, indicating its inhibition may enhance the efcacy of chemotherapy in MM
Effects of two-equation turbulence models on the convective instability in finned channel heat exchangers
Get PDFHeat exchangers are multi-benefit thermal-devices, of wide use, as their structure varies with their scope of application. The development of channel configurations contained in these exchangers, and evaluation of their performance is the goal of many recent numerical and experimental achievements. Because of the high cost of such devices, many researchers had to follow CFD based computational methods instead of using experimental techniques. In this study, the hydrothermal structure of a finned channel heat exchanger is evaluated using the finite-volume based Ansys Fluent. Due to the complex structure of these channels, which contain overlapping transverse vortex generators, the flow develops into a turbulent structure that strongly influences the enhanced heat transfer. In this sense, various turbulence models are simulated to assess their numerical effect on the performance of the exchanger. Five different models are under experimentation which are (i) standard-, (ii) RNG- and (iii) realizable-case k-ε type models as well as (iv) standard- and (v) SST-case k-ω type models. As highlighted, the highest performance is reached with the SST-type k-ω, while the lowest one is that with the realizable-type k-ԑ
Molecular prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in stray cats of İzmir, Turkey
Get PDFBackground: Bartonella spp. are vector-borne pathogens that cause zoonotic infections in humans. One of the most well-known of these is cat-scratch disease caused by Bartonella henselae and Bartonella clarridgeiae, with cats being the major reservoir for these two bacteria. Izmir, Turkey is home to many stray cats, but their potential role as a reservoir for the transmission of Bartonella to humans has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Bartonella species and their genetic diversity in stray cats living in Izmir. Methods: Molecular prevalence of Bartonella spp. in stray cats (n=1012) was investigated using a PCR method targeting the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer gene (ITS), species identifcation was performed by sequencing and genetic diversity was evaluated by haplotype analysis. Results: Analysis of the DNA extracted from 1012 blood samples collected from stray cats revealed that 122 samples were Bartonella-positive, which is a molecular prevalence of 12.05% (122/1012; 95% confdence interval [CI] 10.1–14.2%). Among the Bartonella-positive specimens, 100 (100/122; 81.96%) were successfully sequenced, and B. henselae (45/100; 45%), B. clarridgeiae (29/100; 29%) and Bartonella koehlerae (26/100; 26%) were identifed by BLAST and phylogenetic analyses. High genetic diversity was detected in B. clarridgeiae with 19 haplotypes, followed by B. henselae (14 haplotypes) and B. koehlerae (8 haplotypes). Conclusions: This comprehensive study analyzing a large number of samples collected from stray cats showed that Bartonella species are an important source of infection to humans living in Izmir. In addition, high genetic diversity was detected within each Bartonella species
Highly dispersive optical solitons in fiber bragg gratings with kerr law of nonlinear refractive index
Get PDFAbstract: This paper obtains highly dispersive optical solitons in fiber Bragg gratings with the Kerr law of a nonlinear refractive index. The generalized Kudryashov’s approach as well as its newer version makes this retrieval possible. A full spectrum of solitons is thus recovered
Comparison of mothers with 0-2 years old babies in terms of risk factors affecting the formation of congenital anomalies
Get PDFÖZET Amaç: Bu araştırma 0-2 yaş doğumsal anatomik anomalisi olan bebeklerin annelerinin aynı yaş grubunda sağlam bebeği olan anneler ile konjenital anatomik anomali oluşuma etken olan risk faktörleri açısından karşılaştırılması amacıyla planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Retrospektif, ilişki arayıcı ve tanımlayıcı tipte yapılan araştırma, 0-2 yaş arasında çocuğu olan, araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden, çalışmanın yapıldığı tarihler arasında kurumda çocuğu yatarak tedavi olan 200 anne ile anket yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan annelerin tamamının yaş ortalamasının 30,25+5,99 (Min:19/ Maks: 42) yıl, çocuklarda en sık görülen konjenital anatomik anomalilerin ise genitoüriner sisteme ait olduğu (%46,0) belirlenmiştir. Çocukları konjenital anatomik anomali sahibi olan annelerin; şehirde yaşadığı, kronik hastalığa sahip olduğu, spinal anestezi ile bebeklerini dünyaya getirdikleri görülmüştür, çocukların iseçoğunluğu erkek olup erken doğum öyküsü bulunmaktadır (p0.05). Sonuç: Konjenital anatomik anomalilerin önlenmesi ile maternal ve fetal sağlığın korunması amacıyla koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin yaygınlaştırılması, annelerin gebelikte teratojenik etki oluşturabilecek risk faktörleri açısından bilinçlendirilmesi amacıyla eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.ABSTRACT Objective: This study was planned to compare mothers of babies with congenital anatomical anomalies at the age of 0-2 years with mothers with healthy babies in the same age group in terms of risk factors that contribute to the formation of congenital anatomical anomalies. Methodology: This retrospective, relationship-seeking and descriptive study was conducted using a questionnaire method with 200 mothers with children between the ages of 0-2 years, who voluntarily accepted to participate in the study, and whose children were hospitalized in the institution during the study period. Results: It was determined that the average age of all the mothers participating in the study was 30.25 + 5.99 (Min: 19 / Max: 42) years and the most common congenital anatomic anomalies in children (46%) belonged to the genitourinary system. The mothers whose children have congenital anatomical anomalies; lived in the city, had a chronic illness, gave birth to their babies with spinal anesthesia, and most of the children were found to be male and have preterm birth history (p 0.05). Conclusion: In order to prevent congenital anatomical anomalies and to protect maternal and fetal health, it is recommended to organize training programs in order to generalize preventive health services and raise awareness of mothers about risk factors that may have teratogenic effects during pregnancy
Numerical solutions to the 1-D burgers’ equation by a cubic hermite finite element method
Get PDFAbstract: In this paper, a finite element method (FEM) with cubic Hermite element is presented to acquire the numerical solution (ns) for the one-dimensional Burgers’ equation (BE). We show that our scheme is unconditionally stable by using the Von-Neumann technique. To test the accuracy and efficiency of the method, the acquired numerical results are compared with the exact solutions (es). Furthermore, we compute L2 and L1 error norms to test the accuracy of our results with those available in the literature. Finally, some graphical representations for the numerical results are provided
Doğumsal brakiyal pleksus paralizisinde brakiyalis triseps tendon transferinin sonuçlar
Get PDFAbstract Objective: Elbow extension deficit following brachial plexus injuries can sometimes be overlooked. Elbow flexion deficit is more prominent in the early stages of obstetric paralysis and is used as an indication for early nerve surgery. However, in the future extension deficits may become more numerous. Residual disabilities following obstetric paralyses can be dynamically addressed by tendon transfers. In patients with obstetric paralysis, canonical donor muscles such as the deltoid or biceps may be insufficient for restoration of elbow extension. The brachialis muscle, because of its deep and secluded position, may be considered as one of the more recent options for selection as a donor in these patient groups. In this study, the efficiency of brachialis to triceps transfer both in elbow extension and in shoulder abduction was assessed. Materials and Methods: Seven obstetrical palsy patients with varying degrees of sequelae around the shoulder and elbow underwent a brachialis to triceps transfer procedure. All patients had previously undergone a modified Hoffer procedure. Ranges of motion in shoulder and elbow joints were recorded before and after the transfer. A minimum of M3+ in elbow flexion was set as a prerequisite for the transfer. Results: The elbow extension was improved from a median of -70° (interquertile range, IQR: 20º) to a median of -10° (IQR: 35º) in the follow-up (p<0.05). Shoulder abduction was improved from a median of 140° (IQR: 5º) to a median of 170° (IQR: 15º) (p<0.05). Elbow flexion power was found to be diminished from median M4 (Q1: M3+, Q3: M5) to M3 (Q1: M3, Q3: M3+) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Brachialis to triceps transfer was found to be a suitable alternative in palliative surgery of obstetric palsy patients in terms of elbow extension. Loss of elbow flexion power was within acceptable range