Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro
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Peningkatan Daya Output Photovoltaik Dengan Penambahan Lapisan Kaca Film Pada Permukaannya
Get PDFOne of the parameters that affect photovoltaic output is temperature. The optimum working temperature of photovoltaic is in the range of 25oC. Any increase in temperature will cause a decrease in photovoltaic output. Window film is one of the most widely used materials to block heat while still being able to pass sunlight. The main characteristic of window film that can block heat is known as the IRR (Infra Red Rejected) and the ability to pass light is known as the VLT (Visible Light Transmittance). The greater the VLT, the smaller its ability to block heat, and vice versa. In its application to photovoltaics, it is necessary to find and test suitable window film for increasing the photovoltaic output power. In this paper, the results of testing of 3 types of window films with different VLT, the highest, medium and low VLT films chosen according to the market, namely VLT: 90%, 72% and 60%. The third window film is applied by sticking it to the surface of the photovoltaic. The test is carried out by comparing it with standard photovoltaic (without window film) on sunny weather from 10:00 to 14:00 each for 3 days. The results showed that photovoltaic film coated with 90% VLT was able to increase the average output power by +49.36%, while those coated with 72% and 60% VLT had decreased power respectively -6.53% and -26.20 % Keywords : Photovoltaic power, Window film, Heat reductionAbstrakSalah satu parameter yang mempengaruhi output photovoltaik adalah temperatur. Temperatur kerja optimum photovoltaik berada pada kisaran 25oC. Setiap kenaikan temperatur akan menyebabkan penurunan output photovoltaik. Kaca film adalah salah satu material yang banyak digunakan untuk memblok panas namun tetap mampu melewatkan cahaya matahari. Karakteristik utama kaca film yang dapat memblok panas dikenal dengan istilah IRR (Infra Red Rejected) dan kemampuan melewatkan cahaya dikenal dengan istilah VLT (Visible Light Transmittance). Semakin besar VLT maka semkin kecil kemampuannya memblok panas, demikian juga sebaliknya. Dalam aplikasinya pada photovoltaik, perlu dicari dan diuji kaca film yang sesuai untuk peningkatan daya output photovoltaik. Dalam tulisan ini diuraikan hasil pengujian 3 jenis kaca film dengan VLT yang berbeda, dipilih kaca film dengan VLT tertinggi, sedang dan rendah sesuai yang ada di pasaran, yaitu VLT: 90%, 72% dan 60%. Ketiga kaca film tersebut diaplikasikan dengan cara ditempelkan pada permukaan photovoltaik. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkannya dengan photovoltaik standar (tanpa kaca film) pada cuara cerah dari jam 10.00 hingga jam 14.00 masing-masing selam 3 hari. Hasilnya menunjukkan photovoltaik dilapisi kaca film dengan VLT 90% mampu meningkatkan daya output rata-rata 49,36%, sementara yang dilapisi kaca film dengan VLT 72% dan 60 % mengalami penurunan daya berturut-turut -6,53 % dan -26,20% Kata Kunci : Daya Photovoltaik, Kaca film, Reduksi pana
Pengembangan Human Machine Interface (HMI) pada Simulator Sortir Bola sebagai Media Pembelajaran Otomasi Industri
Get PDFHuman Machine Interface (HMI) and Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) are widely used in the industry to monitor and control the production process. As part of industrial automation technology, expertise in designing HMI and programming PLC are an absolute necessity especially in the industrial 4.0 era which demands a professional and competent workforce. To meet these requirements, Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Dian Nuswantoro has evaluated the curriculum, especially in the Elektronika Industri course. Based on stakeholder recommendation, learning outcomes are modified to support the graduate's profile that has expertise in industrial automation technology. Furthermore, a ball sorting simulator has been used as a medium for learning industrial automation. Unfortunately, the simulator only supports PLC learning. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the HMI system in the simulator. This paper explains the design and development of the HMI system based on Mitsubishi GOT2000 using the GT Designer3 application. The development of the HMI system starts from determining I/O and process parameters, making the layout, modifying the ladder diagram, and testing. Based on the test results, the HMI system can work well so that technically the ball sorting simulator has supported the learning of industrial automation technology both in PLC and HMI fields.Keywords : automation, learning, simulator, PLC, HMI AbstrakHuman Machine Interface (HMI) dan Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) digunakan luas di industri guna memonitor dan mengatur proses produksi. Sebagai bagian dari teknologi otomasi industri, penguasaan keahlian dan keterampilan mendesain HMI dan memprogram PLC menjadi kebutuhan mutlak terlebih di era industri 4.0 yang menuntut tenaga kerja profesional dan kompeten. Guna memenuhi tuntutan tersebut, Program Studi Teknik Elektro Universitas Dian Nuswantoro telah melakukan evaluasi terhadap kurikulum khususnya pada mata kuliah Elektronika Industri. Berdasarkan masukan dari stakeholder, Program Studi menambahkan capaian pembelajaran mata kuliah yang mendukung profil lulusan dengan penguasaan teknologi otomasi industri khususnya PLC dan HMI. Selain itu, sebuah simulator sortir bola telah rutin digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran otomasi industri. Namun, simulator tersebut terbatas untuk media pembelajaran PLC. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengembangan sistem HMI pada simulator. Makalah ini membahas perancangan dan pengembangan sistem HMI berbasis panel Mitsubishi GOT2000 menggunakan aplikasi GT Designer3. Pengembangan sistem HMI dimulai dari penentuan I/O dan parameter proses sortir, pembuatan layout, modifikasi ladder diagram dan pengujian. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, sistem HMI dapat bekerja dengan baik sehingga secara teknis simulator sortir bola telah mendukung proses pembelajaran teknologi otomasi industri baik PLC maupun HMI.Kata Kunci : otomasi, pembelajaran, simulator, PLC, HM
IoT-Based Logistic Robot for Real-Time Monitoring and Control Patients during COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a disease that disrupts the respiratory tract and infects many people. However, until now, there is still no cure. Therefore a robot service is proposed to minimize direct contact between nurses and patients who are equipped with PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). Robot Service is a robot carrying logistics for patients in the Isolation Room. The robot is expected to be able to help medical personnel work and reduce the risk of medical personnel being exposed to the virus while in the Isolation Room. This robot has a feature to rotate and move along the hospital hallway, using either automatic or normal mode. This robot is also equipped with an Omni infrared camera that can see the environmental conditions around the robot so that it can make it easier for operators to run this robot with a Wi-Fi communication system. With this robot, medical workers can deliver the needs of patients without having to meet face to face, so that the risk of being exposed to the virus can be reduced.Keywords: Coronavirus, Hospital, Medical Personnel, Robot AbstrakCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a disease that disrupts the respiratory tract and infects many people. However, until now, there is still no cure. Therefore a robot service is proposed to minimize direct contact between nurses and patients who are equipped with PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). Robot Service is a robot carrying logistics for patients in the Isolation Room. The robot is expected to be able to help medical personnel work and reduce the risk of medical personnel being exposed to the virus while in the Isolation Room. This robot has a feature to rotate and move along the hospital hallway, using either automatic or normal mode. This robot is also equipped with an Omni infrared camera that can see the environmental conditions around the robot so that it can make it easier for operators to run this robot with a Wi-Fi communication system. With this robot, medical workers can deliver the needs of patients without having to meet face to face, so that the risk of being exposed to the virus can be reduced.Kata Kunci: Coronavirus, Hospital, Medical Personnel, Robo
Noise Reduction on The Use of Different Ground Model on The EMI Filter of Reading LED Lighting for Passenger Train
Get PDFInitial measurement showed that reading LED lighting used in this experiment produced excessive conducted emissions (CE). EMC filter is needed to suppress the CE noise. The LED light is AC powered through a two-wire cable without ground wire, whereas the EMC filter does have ground. Experiments were conducted to find out the attenuation effect of different filter’s grounding connection methods. Four cases of grounding connections are measured and compared, i.e. unconnected ground, earth-connected ground, chassis-connected ground, and additional ground plate. Measurements showed that chassis-connected ground had the strongest attenuation effect. Also, for the additional ground plate configuration, it turned out that larger plates exhibited stronger attenuation compared to smaller plates.Keywords : LED driver, EMC Filter, grounding, impedance, common mod
Design of a GSM-Based Skimming Reporting System for Automated Teller Machines
Get PDFIn recent years, there has been the unpleasant advent of a new type of credit card fraud called Automated Teller Machine (ATM) skimming. This type of fraud poses a substantial threat to the banking sector because its modus operandi is quite subtler than other known types of ATM fraud. It consists of a criminal implanting a disguised dummy card reader very similar to the ATM’s original card reader at the ATM. This is done to intercept the ATM card data of any unsuspecting customer who tries to withdraw cash. This paper seeks to design a system which will be able to detect and report such devices before they cause harm. The objective of this research was achieved by designing a skimmer incorporating the use of a metal detector for detecting new electronic components within the ATMs card slot region, an ultrasonic sensor for detecting unfamiliar skimmer overlays and the processing power of a microcontroller to coordinate theses sensors which monitor the status of the ATM terminal’s original card reader and send a Short Message Service (SMS) text message whenever the system detects that a skimmer has been attached to the ATM terminal. This concept of skimming detection was designed, tested and simulated under several operating conditions in Proteus 8.0 simulation software to prove the detection method’s efficacy. The simulation results showed that the proposed system provided a decent theoretical skimmer detection technique. However, other factors such as metal detector oscillator instability and the difficulty in accurately modelling the composition of ATM skimmers served as this design’s major drawbacks.Keywords : ATM, Skimming, GSM, Microcontrolle
Disturbance Characteristics of Induction Cooker on a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System in Frequency Range of 9-150 kHz
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate the disturbance's characteristics induced by the induction cooker of the On-Grid PV System that is installed in the MRPQ at the Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia (FTUI). In addition, this research is also to find out the behavior of the induction cooker on a frequency range of 9-15kHz. The load was connected to Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS) that connected to the utility grid. Furthermore, the utilization of inverter that used SMPS technology may generate disturbance mostly at high frequency from 9 kHz to 150 kHz. Disturbance generated by each tool from the equipment in the PV system and household appliances may also affect each other in its operation. However, research and standardization regarding the effect of induction cooker disturbances on the PV system for frequency ranges of 9-150 kHz are still limited. Therefore, this research focuses on observing behavior and the characteristics of a disturbance generated by the induction cooker. There are two induction cookers investigated, brand A and B. The results show that the induction cooker generates disturbance at a frequency of 9-150 kHz, and the increased power used at the load will also increase the disturbance value. Furthermore, brand A has a more significant average incremental gradient compared to brand B induction cookers of 260% or 17.05mV / W for brand A and 6.58mV / W for brand B.Keywords: power quality, disturbance characteristics, induction cooker, on-grid photovoltaic, 9-150 kH
Implementasi Sistem Cerdas Pada Gedung Workshop Otomasi Industri Balai Latihan Kerja Banda Aceh sebagai Solusi dalam Penghematan Energi Listrik
Get PDFThe increase in electricity consumption does not only occur in the industrial and household sectors but also in the government office sector. The government through the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources regulation No. 13 of 2012 demands savings in electricity usage. Balai Latihan Kerja Industri Banda Aceh is a building managed by considering the efficiency of electricity. In this research, a smart system that can control the use of equipment is designed to be able to streamline usage costs. System was controlled using a Programmable Logic Control (PLC). Input for the system are a PIR sensor, a smoke detector, a water level sensor, a photocell sensor, switch, emergency button, door lock, and window sensor. The controlled equipment consists of four air conditioners, fifteen lights, a water pump, main door lock, alarm, and telephone. The system is controlled by on/off method, PLC analyzes the input signal and then adjusts the output state according to the conditions specified based on the control program. The results shows that this system succeeded in controlling equipment efficiently. Management can reduce the electricity accounts by Rp. 11.398.962,- in a year. The payback period is less seven months. The implementation of a smart system in Balai Latihan Kerja Industri Banda Aceh for electricity efficiency can support government programs for energy sustainability.Keywords : Electric power, smart systems, PLC,efficiency AbstrakPeningkatan konsumsi energi listrik bukan hanya terjadi di sektor industri dan rumah tangga tetapi juga terjadi di sektor perkantoran pemerintah. Pemerintah melalui peraturan Menteri ESDM No. 13 tahun 2012 menuntut penghematan pemakaian energi listrik. Balai Latihan Kerja Industri Banda Aceh merupakan salah satu gedung yang memperhatikan penghematan energi listrik tersebut. Pada penelitian ini dirancang sebuah sistem cerdas yang dapat mengendalikan penggunaan peralatan listrik untuk dapat mengefesienkan biaya penggunaan. Pengendalian dilakukan menggunakan programmable logic controller (PLC). Masukan dari sistem adalah sensor PIR, sensor asap, sensor ketinggian air, sensor fotocell, saklar, tombol darurat, tombol buka pintu utama dan sensor jendela. Peralatan yang dikendalikan terdiri dari empat pendingin ruangan, lima belas lampu, satu pompa air, kunci pintu utama, alarm dan telepon. Peralatan dikendalikan dengan metode on/off dimana PLC menganalisa sinyal input kemudian mengatur keadaan output sesuai dengan kondisi yang telah ditentukan berdasarkan kontrol program sistem cerdas yang telah deprogram pada PLC. Sistem telah berhasil mengendalikan peralatan secara efisien sehingga diperoleh penghematan penggunaan energy listrik. Balai Latihan Kerja Banda Aceh dapat menekan penghematan pembayaran rekening pemakaian energi listrik sebesar Rp. 11.398.962,-. Berdasarkan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk membuat sistem dan efisiensi yang dihasilkan, maka modal dapat dikembalikan dalam rentang waktu kurang dari tujuh bulan. Dengan diimplementasikan sistem cerdas penghematan pemakaian energi listrik yang dicanangkan dalam peraturan pemerintah dapat direalisasikan.Kata Kunci : Sistem cerdas, PLC dan Penghemata
Implementasi Metode Deteksi Tepi Laplacian dan Jarak Euclidean untuk Identifikasi Tanda Tangan
Get PDFSignature is one of the biometrics that are widely used for important document authentication and verification. The existence of a signature as a form of validation and approval in important documents is mandatory. Along in current sophisticated technological developments, signing can be done using digital media such as cellphones or other media. The ability of the system that can be identify a person signature is important. This research aims to implement the Laplacian edge detection method and Euclidean distance to identify a person signature. The total image that used is 20 signatures from 5 different people while 15 signatures as data training image and 5 signatures as a data test image. The result of this research indicate that Laplacian edge detection method and Euclidean distance have an accuracy of 94% with 1 neighbor, with 2 neighbor has an accuracy of 60% and has an accuracy of 74% with 3 neighbor. Keywords : signature, Laplacian edge detection and Euclidean distanceAbstrakTanda tangan adalah salah satu biometrik yang banyak digunakan untuk autentikasi dan verifikasi dokumen penting. Keberadaan tanda tangan sebagai bentuk pengesahan dan persetujuan dalam dokumen-dokumen penting adalah hal yang wajib. Seiring perkembangan teknologi saat ini, proses penandatanganan dapat dilakukan dalam media digital seperti handphone maupun media lainnya. Kemampuan sistem untuk mengidentifikasi tanda tangan seseorang menjadi penting karena banyak pemalsuan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan metode deteksi tepi Laplacian dan jarak Euclidean untuk mengidentifikasi tanda tangan seseorang. Total citra yang digunakan yaitu 20 tanda tangan dari 10 orang yang berbeda dimana 15 tanda tangan sebagai data citra latih dan 5 tanda tangan sebagai data citra uji. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode deteksi tepi Laplacian dan jarak Euclidean memiliki akurasi sebesar 94% dengan 1 ketetanggaan, dengan 2 ketetanggaan memiliki akurasi sebesar 60%, dan memiliki akurasi sebesar 74% dengan 3 ketetanggaan.Kata Kunci : tanda tangan, deteksi tepi Laplacian dan jarak Euclidea
Sizing Methodology for Hybrid Solar photovoltaic/Hydrogen System using Deterministic Balance Method (DBM)-Case Study in Egypt
Get PDFA technical analysis based on modeling, simulation, optimization and verification was conducted for the design of an off-grid hybrid solar PV/hydrogen system. The main objective is to make sizing optimization of the off-grid system to meet the desired electric load of a residential community in a studied region. Additionally, the goal of this study is to have a 100% renewable fraction penetration in the energy mix resulting in a zero percentage of the greenhouse gas emissions and lowering the cost of energy from power systems and verifying the design concept using SAM (System Advisor Model). The effect of meteorological data inputs for the hybrid off-grid system was investigated in Cairo international Airport zone. The distributed power generation in this paper was using solar PV and Fuel Cell energy systems integrated with electrolyzer and hydrogen tank where the main resource for production is the PV modules so that it satisfies the load demand during the peak sun hours and supplying an excess energy to be stored for the later use of fuel cell to supply community load demand of average 4980 kWhr/day.Keywords : Solar PV, Fuel Cell, Hydrogen production, Optimization, off-gri
Peningkatan Faktor Penuaan Arester Tanpa Sela Isolasi Polymer Akibat Kontaminan Kalsium Karbonat
Get PDFGapless arester leakage current can be used as an indicator to determine the aging level of the arester. Leakage current is influenced by contaminants present in the arester insulation. This paper analyzes the effect of contamination on arester leakage currents as an indicator of arester aging. Contaminants used are calcium carbonate plus kaolin dissolved into water, to determine the level of calcium carbonate contaminants, the ESDD (Equivalent Salt Deposit Density) method is used. Contaminated aresters are measured as leakage currents flowing to the block elements and to the arester insulation. Based on experiments that have been carried out, the increase in leakage current of the arester on the block element that increases the leakage current to the level of light, medium and heavy contamination rises by an average of 17.5% for the voltage of all test voltages. While at low and moderate contamination the leakage current that occurs in the polymer arester insulation does not significantly change, the leakage current generated is linear with the level of contaminants in the arester body. It can clearly be concluded that the effect of contamination is very significant in changes in leakage currents.Keywords : Gapless arester, Leakage current, Kontamination, Aging, AbstrakArus bocor arester tanpa sela dapat digunakan sebagai indikator untuk menentukan tingkat penuaan arester. Arus bocor dipengaruhi oleh kontaminan yang ada pada isolasi arester. Paper ini menganalisa pengaruh kontaminasi terhadap arus bocor arester sebagi indikator penuaan arester. Kontaminan yang digunakan adalah kalsium karbonat di tambah kaolin yang di larutkan kedalam air, untuk menentukan tingkat kontaminan kalsium karbonat maka digunakan metode ESDD (Equivalent Salt Deposit Density). Arester yang sudah berkontaminasi diukur arus bocor yang mengalir pada elemen blok dan pada isolasi arester. Berdasarkan percobaan yang telah dilakukan, kenaikan arus bocor arester pada elemen blok bahwa kenaikan arus bocor untuk tingkat kontaminasi ringan,sedang dan berat naik rata-rata 17.5 % untuk semua tegangan uji. Sementara pada kontaminasi rendah dan sedang arus bocor yang terjadi pada isolasi polimer arester tidak. singnifikan perubahannya,Arus bocor yang dihasilkan linier dengan tingkat kontaminan pada badan arester. Secara jelas dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaruh kontaminasi sangat signifikan dalam perubahan arus bocor.Kata Kunci : Arester tanpa sela, Arus bocor, Kontaminasi, Penuaan