Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro
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A Fully Automated Car Parking Lot
Get PDFMost car parking lots in the country have not been fully automated and many of them serve temporal, manual parking needs. A fully automated car parking lot assures of flexibility, improved efficiency and minimisation of manual tasks. In this paper, use was made of Siemens Step 7 PLC and WinCC Flexible Advanced software to design a fully automated car parking lot. The number of parking spaces available, the parking space number and position, arrival and departure times of cars and the time spent at the parking space are provided by the design. Simulations of designed system using Simatic PLC SIM confirmed the fulfillment of the design criteria and reliability of the developed flowcharts. Remote operator monitoring and control of the car parking lot has been actualised. Simulation results on the parking of six cars for a time duration of 0.5 hr, 1 hr, 1.5 hrs, 2 hrs, 2.5 hrs and 3 hrs, respectively yielded a total amount of GH¢ 17.00. It stands to reason that hitherto existing manual car parking lots should be converted into the fully automated type using a PLC and an HMI workstation in order to bring orderliness and deserving responsibility to car parking in Ghana
Design of Wiper Cleaner Prototype based on IoT for Solar Panels With Rooftop Installation
Get PDFMany factors that affect the efficiency of solar panels, one of which is environmental factors. Among the environmental factors that negatively affect the solar panels performance is the dust accumulation on the top surface of the solar panels. This is because dust will block solar radiation from entering directly into solar cells and can reduce the efficiency of solar panels. In this research, a wiper cleaner prototype has been designed to clean dust on solar panels with a rooftop installation. This wiper cleaner system is made by utilizing servo motor movement and Internet of Things (IoT) technology so that it can be controlled remotely using an android. This wiper cleaner prototype works with a response time of 1 second and a speed of 0.0254 m/s. The wiper cleaner control system via Android can work with a maximum range of 30 meters. In addition, based on research that has been done shows that wiper cleaner can increase the efficiency of solar panels by 8.5%
Calculate The Conductivity of Some Composites of Cellulose Bacteria Mixed with Polypyrol
Get PDFThe manufacture of composites that have good electrical properties is to use a conductive polymer matrix. A conductive polymer is a polymer compound that has a stable bond that allows the polymer to act as a good conductor of electricity. This study aims to determine the highest conductivity value of composite materials that have been coated with polypyrrole, namely bacterial cellulose with polypyrrole (bio composite 1), tempo bacteria cellulose with polypyrrole (bio composite 2), and Gambier bacteria cellulose with polypyrrole (bio composite 3). In this study, there were four samples consisting of nata de coco (cellulosic bacteria), 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO), Gambier extract, and polypyrrole. Measurement of resistance value using the two point probe method. The results of this study obtained that the resistance and conductivity values of bio composite 1, bio composite 2, and bio composite 3 were 29.742 kΩ and 1.178×10-3 S/cm, 20.338 kΩ and 1.692×10-3 S/cm, 34,572 kΩ and 0.9807×10-3 S/cm. The measurement results show that the highest conductivity value is bio composite 2
Klasifikasi Jenis Kayu Menggunakan Esktrasi Fitur Gray Level Co-Occurence Matrix dan Multilayer Perceptron
Get PDFThe type of wood is generally characterized by color, pattern and fiber because wood physically has almost the same characteristics. To determine the type of wood, experience and knowledge about wood are needed. This study applies digital image processing technology using the GLCM (gray level co-occurrence matrix) feature extraction method to produce feature extraction values on wood texture. The parameter values generated in the GLCM feature extraction are correlation, contrast, energy and homogeneity. The results from feature extraction are then used as a data classification of types of wood using MLP (multilayer perceptron) method. There are 4 wood types going to be involved in this research as datasets i.e., teak, sengon, mahogany, and mindi. The results of this study, obtained the best level of accuracy in validation data of 88.75%. The output of this research is softmax data using MLP method with an error value in the training neared target of data by 0.029421 with the epoch 1.000 iterations. Keywords : Digital Image Processing, Feature Extraction, GLCM and MLPAbstrakJenis kayu umumnya dicirikan dari warna, corak dan serat karena kayu secara fisik memiliki ciri yang hampir sama. Untuk menentukan jenis kayu, diperlukan pengalaman dan pengetahuan tentang kayu. Penelitian ini menerapkan teknologi pengolahan citra digital menggunakan metode ekstraksi fitur GLCM (gray level co-occourrence matrix) untuk menghasilkan nilai ekstraksi fitur pada tesktur kayu. Parameter nilai dihasilkan pada ekstraksi fitur GLCM adalah correlation, contrast, energy dan homogeneity. Hasil dari parameter GLCM kemudian digunakan sebagai data untuk klasifikasi jenis kayu menggunakan metode MLP (multilayer perceptron). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 4 jenis kayu sebagai pengujian dan datasheet, yaitu kayu jati, sengon, mahoni dan mindi. Hasil dari penelitian ini, diperoleh tingkat akurasi terbaik pada data validasi sebesar 88,75 %. Keluaran dari penelitian ini berupa data softmax dengan menggunakan metode MLP dengan nilai error pada data training yang mendekati target sebesar 0.029421 dengan epoch 1.000 iterasi. Kata Kunci : Pengolahan Citra Digital, Ekstraksi Fitur, GLCM dan ML
Web-based Monitoring System for Power Electronics Devices on Off-grid Solar Power Generator
Get PDFPower electronic devices are the main component of the solar power generation system. This study proposes a web-based monitoring system which presents power electronic performance parameter in a real-time across an internet connection. The investigation takes ACS712 and PZEM-004T for the power converter performance measuring and Arduino Mega 2560 with an ethernet shield for data acquisition and transmission. This paper describes the schematic design of the hardware and also explains the software work-flow and structure. The test and calibration on the sensor's voltage and current to standard digital multi-meter Tektronix DMM4050 show the sensor able to accurately read the converter performance parameter and meet the standard IEC-61724. The functionality test on the web-based information system indicates the designed user interface to present the power electronic performance parameter of the solar power generator.Keywords: Monitoring System, Power Electronics and Solar Powe
The Performance Multilevel Inverter 5 Level 1 Phase by Reducing Power Switch Components
Get PDFMultilevel Inverter (MLI) is a converter that converts DC power source into AC power source with voltage output more than 2 levels. The conventional 5-level Multilevel Inverter Topology that is developing today generally uses eight power switch components. In this paper, research Topology multilevel inverter 5 levels was conducted by reducing the power switch components into four pieces and assisted by two diode clamps and capacitor as voltage coupling. PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technique used to utilize multicarrier modulation. Simulation testing with MATLAB conducted has been verified with the results of hardware tests where the output voltage shows similarity of shape at the output voltage MLI 5 levels. The results and discussion of the proposed topology can provide economic benefits from the use of the number of power switch components (MOSFET) compared to conventional 5-level MLI topology.Keywords : Multilevel Inverter, PWM, 5 Leve
Optimization of the Hybrid System for Micro Hydro, Photovoltaic and Biomass Power Generation in Senamat Ulu Village Using Homer Simulation
Get PDFCurrently, the supply of electrical energy is still not fulfilled in some areas due to the depletion of conventional energy sources and fossil energy. The ideal alternative energy is renewable energy that does not have the potential to run out such as solar energy, biomass and water. Senamat Ulu is a village in Bungo Regency that has the potential for biomass power generation because it has a lot of palm oil plantations covering an area of 3,917 hectares with an average production of 6,901 tons per year. Based on the coordinates of the center of the village, simulation Homer scored solar radiation of 4.43 kWh / m2/ day for Ulu Senamat area. The purpose of this research is to obtain the amount of biomass energy potential and the optimal model for the hybrid system of power generation in Senamat Ulu Village. From the results of the study, it was found that the potential for electrical power from the biomass power plant in Senamat Ulu was 6,113.65 kW consisting of 2,189.08 kW shells and 3,924.57 kW palm fiber. The most optimal generator model is simulation I in terms of the smallest NPC and COE economies, namely NPC 0.0768/kWh where Biomass is 49,946 kWh/year at a cost of 0.107/kWh, Micro hydro 156.025 kWh/year with electricity price of $ 0.00992/kWh, Storage Li-ion 8,643 kWh/year and converter 288,331 kWh/year and the time required to payback is 5.8 years.Keywords: Optimization, NPC, COE
Implementation of Template Matching on Detection of Stop Line Violations
Get PDFRoad marking is a sign located above the road surface that combines either a line or a symbol and provides information as visual guidance to road users. One example of road marking is the stop line behind the zebra crossing. Many violations of pedestrian rights are committed by motorized vehicles, especially because vehicles do not stop behind the stop line. This paper proposes a system to detect this type of traffic violation using the template matching method. This method is a technique in digital image processing to find small parts of the image that match the image template, so it can detect whether there is a traffic violation or not. This system uses the appropriate template images for each dataset (morning, afternoon, and evening). The system produces accuracy performances for the morning and afternoon dataset of about 100% and 78% respectively, and for the evening dataset is 70%. So, the overall average accuracy rate is 83%. The main factor affecting the overall accuracy performance is the inability to automatically extract the best template for the dataset from the morning and evening datasets
A Distribution Line Protection Scheme for Network with Distributed Generation
Get PDFInstallation of distributed generations (DGs) can cause performance degradation of distribution lines protection. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a protection scheme that can be a solution for this protection line degradation.. The proposed scheme consist of quadrilateral distance relays at upper stream of the lines and directional overcurrent relays at downstream of the lines. The performance of the scheme was tested using Digsilent Powerfactory simulation. The simulation was carried out for four fault types, 0 - 50 Ohms fault resistance and four network conditions/scenarios. The test system consist of three current source i.e. Grid, DG1 and DG2. Variation on-off state of the three current sources is applied in order to check the ability of the scheme to perform correctly for multiple network condition and possibility installation of new DG in the future. The results show that the scheme perform correctly for all bolted fault regardless of fault types, fault location and network scenarios. For three phase and two phase to ground faults the scheme perform correctly for all simulated fault resistance. However, for single line to ground faults and phase to phase faults, the scheme has limitation on maximum fault resistance that can result in correct operation. In general, the proposed scheme able to protect the distribution lines better than the scheme of previous research, but it has a slightly higher chance to perform unwanted operation.Keywords : Distribution line protection, distributed generation, quadrilateral distance relay, directional overcurrent rela
Pengendalian Mobile Robot Non-Holonomic Berdasarkan Gestur Jari Menggunakan Template Matching
Get PDFControl of non-holonomic mobile robots based on gestures is a technique for controlling non-holonomic mobile robot movements using finger gestures. Mobile robots can move forward, backward, turn right, and turn left based on finger gestures. The task can be done based on the operator's command. One of the techniques used by operators to control robots is to use sensors installed in the operator's hands. In addition to requiring sensor components, the use of sensors requires additional hardware to acquire sensor readings. This research offers another solution for controlling non-holonomic mobile robots. The solution is to use a camera to recognize the robot operator's hand gestures. Each gesture is stored as a binary image, then each gesture captured by the camera is compared with the previously saved image using template matching, so that the movement of the non-holonomic wheeled robot moves based on the operator's finger gesture. The results of this study indicate the camera can recognize finger gestures to give commands to the robot. Finger gestures are used to give commands to the robot to move forward, backward, turn right and left, and stop, the percentage of success of the test is 95%.Keywords : Gesture, Mobile robot dan Template matchingAbstrakPengendalian mobile robot non-holonomic berdasarkan gestur adalah suatu teknik untuk mengatur gerakan mobile robot non-holonomic menggunakan gestur jari, setiap gestur mewakili gerakan robot. Mobile robot dapat bergerak maju, mundur, belok kanan, dan belok kiri berdasarkan gestur jari. Tugas tersebut dapat dilakukan berdasarkan perintah operator. Dengan memanfaatkan perintah operator, pergerakan robot tidak tergantung pada lingkungan yang tetap. Salah satu teknik yang digunakan operator untuk mengendalikan robot adalah menggunakan sensor yang terpasang di tangan operator. Selain membutuhkan komponen sensor, penggunaan sensor membutuhkan perangkat keras tambahan untuk mengakuisisi data hasil pembacaan sensor. Penelitian ini menawarkan solusi lain untuk mengendalikan mobile robot non-holonomic, yaitu menggunakan kamera untuk mengenali gestur tangan operator robot. Setiap gestur disimpan dalam bentuk citra biner, kemudian setiap citra gestur yang tertangkap kamera dibandingkan dengan citra yang tersimpan sebelumnya menggunakan template matching. Sehingga pergerakan robot beroda non-holonomic bergerak berdasarkan gestur jari operator. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan kamera mampu mengenali gestur jari untuk memberikan perintah kepada robot. Gestur jari digunakan untuk memberikan perintah kepada robot agar bergerak maju, mundur, belok kanan dan kiri, dan berhenti, persentase keberhasilan dari pengujian tersebut adalah sebesar 95%.Kata Kunci : Gestur, Mobile robot dan Template matching