Hemera Zoa
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AW-1 Animal Welfare in Indonesian Traditional Dairy Goat Farmer, Field Study in Cilengkrang, Cimalaka District, Sumedang Regency
Full text linkFor people in Cilengkrang Village, Cimalaka District, Sumedang Regency, dairy goats are a living investment that can be used as future assets. Although not as the main livelihood, raising livestock is done directly by the residents with the provision of knowledge about raising goat from the local breeders group, Simpay Tampomas. Milk produced is then sold and some were consumed by humans.With traditional maintenance methods, it is not surprising that family involvement in management is high (Yunita et al., 2017). The majority of farmers rely on personal and senior experience in overcoming their livestock problems (Hartady and Widyastuti, 2018).Welfare is not absolutely necessary for humans alone. As creatures of God Almighty, farm animals also have the same rights to be treated wisely by humans. Animal welfare is closely related to the health of animals and the welfare animal automatically will be productive as well, which in the end animal-source food can be guaranteed safe for human consumption. For information, animal welfare is a new priority trend for the 2001 International Strategic Plan for the World Animal Health Office (OIE) (Daldiri, 2017).However, not all farmers understand the background and application of animal welfare. Various factors such as educational background, financial condition, limited space for cages and access to up-date information about farming, etc are a barrier for dairy goat farmers to apply animal welfare principles to their farm
MP-10 Subcloning Gene Encoding Rophtry 1 (ROP1) Toxoplasma gondii WTA Isolate
Full text linkToxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite which could infected all organism, and built a vacuola parasitoporus for multiplicity their self in host [1]. Toxoplasmosis is the one of zoonotic diseases which could infected animal and human and involved that two organism to their life [2].Toxoplasmosis in animal is difficult to held, it cause involved the environment. Oosit could sporulated in the water, it made fish, walrus and other mamalian infected by T. gondii. Bat could be a vector of T. gondii if they bite cattle where in it bloods contain with tachyzoites [3]. Toxoplasmosis in ranch such as cattle, pork, sheep, goat and poultry focused on reproduction health that impact economics system and causes congenital disease. This condition can impact for fulfill of prime seed and good meat for human consumption [4].The invasion of T. gondii to host cell could cause immunology reaction like cytokine secretors such as IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-α and T cells such as CD4+ and CD8+. It involved surface antigen/SAG protein and excretory-secretory antigen/ESA protein [5].Rophtry-1 protein has functioned as a penetration factor and it has 66 kDa molecular of weight. Cloning gene of rophtry-1 T. gondii RH isolate have done and result on vaccination using recombinant plasmid rop1, improving activity of natural kill cells, cell and T proliferation. Recombinant antigen of ROP1 also can use for toxoplasma diagnosis [6,7].The aim of these studies was to sub-clone the gene encoding ROP-1 protein T. gondii WTA isolate to pET-32a(+) and produced a recombinant plasmid of ROP-1 in E. coli BL-21(DE3). This recombinant plasmid will be used to produce a recombinant protein which will be able to perform preliminary studies on its stability on detect T. gondii specific antibodies
MP-17 Avian Influenza Virus-H5N1 Is Circulating Among Backyard Chicken in Marga District, Tabanan Regency, Bali
Full text linkAvian Influenza or bird flu is ani nfectious pandemic disease (Horimoto and Kawaoka, 2001). AI viruses can cause high mortality in poultry and infect humans in Indonesia (Daniels et al., 2013). Pet and backyard animals can be infected with the HPAI-H5N1 virus (Mahardika et al., 2018). Monitoring of the virus needs to be done so that the Avian Influenza outbreak casesare not occurred. Isolation of AI virus can be done on 9-day-old hatched chicken eggs injected through the allantois’ space. The virus can be tested by hemagglutination (HA/HI) and Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Rection (RT-PCR) tests (FAO, 2014)
FA-3 Production Trait of Crossbreed Cattle and Reproductive Disorders in Brahman Cross (BX) Breeding Program at PT Lembu Jantan Perkasa
Full text linkThe feedlot industry in Indonesia has developed very rapidly, along with the increase in meat consumption. Brahman Cross (BX) is an imported beef cattle from Australia which is widely used by feedloters as broodstock. Feedloter chooses BX cattle because besides the price is quite cheap, this breed also has a very good growth factor [1].In order to support the self-sufficient of beef meat, feedloters who imported BX from Australia have to conduct breeding program as part of the Ministry of Agriculture decree no. 02/PERMENTAN/PK.440/2/2017 related to the import of ruminants into Indonesia. BX Cattle is often crossed with other breeds through artificial insemination programs, in order to provide calving ease and to produce high-weight cattle.Beside the target to produce good body weight and average daily gain (ADG) of the calf from crossbreeding, the feedloters have also to manage the breeding efficiently by taking care of the reproductive disorder that might be affected the production. Good reproductive efficiency will have a positive impact on increasing livestock production [2]. In various breeding programs, there are many factors that can affect the reproductive efficiency of cattle, such as reproductive disorders. Reproductive disorders can be a major economic problem in a farm. These reproductive health problems can be the bottleneck in the production process and productivity in the livestock sector [3].Therefore, this study will discuss the production performance in various cross-breed cattle and reproductive disorders in a feedlot breeding program
PAT-1 Case report: Metastatic ganglioneuroma in a Sumatran Tiger
Full text linkNeuroblastic tumors, which are uncommon tumors of nerve cell origin, are classified into neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma depend-ing on the degree of maturation of neoplastic neuroblasts and development of schwannian stroma [2,4,7]. Ganglioneuroma is a rare neuroectodermal tumor of the peripheral nervous system. Ganglio-neuromas generally are considered to be benign neoplasms composed of both mature ganglion cells and nerve fascicles with axons, Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and other connective tissue elements [1]. The aim of this study is to clarify the pathomor-phological feature of a subcutaneous ganglio-neuroma which occurred in a Sumatran tiger.
PCS-1 Development of Mouse Parthenogenetic Embryos in Phosphate Free Medium
Full text linkParthenogenesis is an artificial oocytes activation process without paternal contribution so that embryos will develop without fertilization [3]. The process of parthenogenesis as a reproductive strategy occurs in species of insect, pisces, or amphibian, which not require any implantation. Naturally, parthenogenesis is not common in mammals, but by understanding cellular mechanism during fertilization, it is possible to artificially activate mammalian oocytes.Blastocyst, derived from parthenogenesis, can be used for developmental study, embryo reconstruction, and one of potential source for pluripotent stem cells. Unfortunately, previous studies reported that parthenogenetic embryo did not achieve exhilarating blastocyst rate.One of the component that has been predicted to inhibit parthenogenetic embryo development is phosphate. Haraguchi et al. (1996) reported that phosphate caused a negative effect on in vitro culture of AKR/N mice fertilized embryos, removal of phosphate elements was significantly improved the blastocyst rate up to 42.6% [1]. The effects of phosphate also became an interesting finding in the study that reported mouse fertilized embryos could well developed in modified medium rat 1 cell embryo medium (MR1ECM) which not contained any phosphate [2].The effect of phosphate on in vitro culture of mouse parthenogenetic embryo has not been clear. The aim of this research was to analyze inhibitory effect caused by phosphate in the medium and compare the development pattern between parthenogenetic and fertilized embryos in order to reach optimal production of parthenogenetic blastocyst for further purposes.
PCS-5 Nitric Oxide Induced Basal Cell Hyperplasia and Lamina Propria Elongation in Rat Gastroesophageal Junction
Full text linkNO (Nitric Oxide) is an inorganic compound composed of nitrogen and oxygen, NO is also produced in various places on various types of mammalian cells. NO as a radical compound is important in mediating physiological and pathological events in mammals including humans [1].GEJ (gastroesophageal junction) is a transition zone between the surface of esophagus which is covered by stratified squamous epithelium to the gastric mucosa which consists of simple columnar epithelium (z-line), where circular muscle of esophagus fuse with oblique muscle and lipid layer of the gaster. At the lower part of GEJ, there is the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) that not only allow food to move into stomach and works as an exit passage of the gas, but also inhibit reflux of any substances that potentially can cause harm to the esophagus [2].Petersson et al, found that chronic exposure to cytotoxic levels of NO can cause inflammation, intestinal metaplasia and neoplasia. Although it is known that gastric acid, pepsin and bile acids can cause adenocarcinoma of distal esophagus and GEJ, NO exposure and nitrosative stress role in this phenomenon is yet to be fully understood and further study is needed [3].The purpose of this was to identify and compare the histopathological changes occurring in GEJ in relation to administration of physiological concentration of nitrate dissolved in HCl and ascorbic acid. As such, the animal model used in this study can be used to study and represent the changes microscopically, because obtaining a full thickness biopsy from a human subject can be difficult to perform
PCS-6 Preparation and Application of Nano Chitosan Particles as Adjuvan in Rabies Vaccination Based on Anti-Idiotype Antibody
Full text linkRabies is a fatal disease to humans and animals, but can be controlled by prophylaxis administration before being exposed. One type of vaccine that can be utilized is an anti-idiotype antibody vaccine originating from IgY purification of chicken egg yolk. The use of vaccine additives in the form of adjuvants is very important to improve the effectiveness of vaccines [1].Chitosan is non-toxic, easily synthesized, safe to use and able to induce an immune response by activating macrophages. Chitosan can modulate dendritic cell maturation so that it can induce interferon interactions and stimulate activity of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Chitosan can be made in the form of chitosan nanoparticles that can be used to deliver drugs and vaccines through inhalation pathways, orally, intravenously and as non-viral gene delivery vectors. In the oral delivery of chitosan nanoparticles are able to overcome the problem of solubility, protect the drug from enzymatic degradation, controlled release, and extend the time of action in the bloodstream through ionic mechanisms with mucin. Inhalation of chitosan 0.5mg/ml with influenza vaccine produces a good response [2-4].In this work, the preparation of chitosan nanostructures and their application as adjuvan in antibody anti-idiotype rabies vaccination were reviewed
AEVI-17 Investigasi Outbreak Anthrax di Kabupaten Kulon Progo Tahun 2017
Full text linkPada tanggal 10 Januari 2017 Balai Besar Veteriner Wates mendapatkan laporan dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kulon Progo tentang adanya kasus beberapa orang sakit kulit dengan gejala luka dengan bagian tengah berwarna kehitaman, dan ada bagian yang melepuh, dugaan sementara gigitan serangga tomcat. Dengan informasi tersebut BBVet Wates langsung membentuk tim untuk kunjungan ke lapangan. Tujuan untuk mengetahui penyebab dari penyakit tersebut. Metode melakukan kunjungan langsung ke lokasi kasus, pengambilan sampel dan pengujian laboratorium. Hasil dan pembahasan bahwa orang yang pernah terkena kasus penyakit kulit tersebut sejumlah 14 orang di 3 dusun yakni, Dusun Ngaglik, Penggung dan Ngroto, dusun yang sempat dikunjungi adalah dusun Ngaglik, semua penderita di desa Ngaglik telah sembuh walaupun meninggalkan bekas luka. Hasil wawancara dengan Kepala Dukuh Ngaglik dan beberapa orang penderita diperoleh data kematian ternak sejak bulan Nopember 2016 hingga tanggal 10 Januari 2017 sejumlah 1 ekor sapi dan 13 ekor kambing. Gejala kambing sebelum mati beberapa tidak diketahui, beberapa menunjukkan gejala kejang. Hasil kultur anthrax dari sampel tanah di 2 tempat pemotongan paksa dan sampel sisa daging kambing dari refrigerator dengan nomor epid 0032/01/2017, hasil uji tanah dengan kultur dan PCR menunjukkan hasil positif Bacillus anthracis, sedangkan hasil uji drift daging menunjukkan kultur negatif Bacillus anthracis, akan tetapi dengan uji PCR positif anthrax patogen
PF-5 Case Study: The FLUTD (Feline Lower Urinary Tract Diseases) Incidence on Cats in Qithmir Pet Care Jombang Year 2013-2017
Full text linkFeline Lower Urinary Tract Diseases (FLUTD) is a disorder or disease of the lower urinary tract in cats known daily as the Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) on the lower or upper part of the tract. In daily practice at Qithmir Pet Care, patients are often present with complaints (signalment) from the owner of dysuria(urinating difficulty), stranguria (pain in urinating process), polakiuria (frequent urination in small amounts), haematuria (bloody urine), periuria (urinate carelessly) and frequent licking of the genitals with decreased appetite, lethargy and vomiting, even in some cases patients come with a critical condition, where various complaints lead to the diagnosis of FLUTD. The purpose of this study are recording, write, and storage data to determine the number of case and the pattern or period of the disease. As an effort to fulfill and supply diagnostic tools, medical equipments, medicines and operator or medical capability in handling the FLUTD case.Case Study: The FLUTD (Feline Lower Urinary Tract Diseases) Incidence on Cats inQithmir Pet Care Jombang Year 2013-201