Hemera Zoa
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EQ-1 Quarantine Action for Horses Originating from Countries with different Health Status to EDFZ Jakarta for the 18th Asian Games 2018
Full text linkIndonesia hosted the 18th Asian Games on 18 August to 2 September 2018. In order to organize the equestrian competitions of these Asian Games, an Equine Disease Free Zone (EDFZ) was set up. EDFZ is a term used by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) for a specific zone in which equestrian competitions can be organized. This system is based on the OIE’s concept of compartmentalisation and zoning. A specified area is shown to be free from a defined list of equine diseases that are otherwise present in the country or region. Horses within an EDFZ are protected from diseases that may occur in other parts of the country (OIE 2018).Once the EDFZ is established, implementation of biosecurity management, health certification standards and procedures have to be observed, including the setting up of a Registered Animal Quarantine Installation (RAQI) to prevent the spread of diseases to this EDFZ.Horses that came from countries that have a disease situation equal to the EDFZ with specific health requirement such as vaccination and testing, were taken directly to the EDFZ core zone, which was the venue for the equestrian events at the Jakarta Equestrian Park, Pulomas [DGLAHS, 2018]. Few horses came from countries with a health status not equal to the EDFZ. These horses had to be quarantined in their country of residence for 21-30 days and again in Indonesia for 14-21 days. Based to the regulations of the Indonesian Agriculture Quarantine Agency (IAQA) a RAQI was set up to observe the health status of these horses.General observation of horse health status in the RAQI consisted of inspection for clinical signs of infectious diseases and also a repeat of laboratory testing for specified diseases which, as per requirement of the “Veterinary Certificate for the Temporary Importation of horses into Indonesia to compete in the equestrian events of the 18th Asian Games” (here: Asian Games Health Certificate), had already been tested in the country of residence.The purpose of this paper is to describe the quarantine action for horses in the RAQI at the 18th Asian Games 2018
FA-1 Case Study of Hog Cholera in Flores 2017 and Its Controlling
Full text linkHog Cholera disease or Classical Swine Fever (CSF) or also known as Pork Sampar is one of the viral diseases that attack pigs. The virus that causes Hog Cholera is the genus Pestivirus. Hog Cholera belongs to one of 25 types of strategic infectious animal diseases listed in the Ministry of Agriculture no. 4026 / Kpts / OT / 140/4/2013 on the Stipulation of Strategic Disease Infectious Diseases (Kementan 2013).Hog Cholera disease only attacks pigs and is spread in various countries in the world. This disease attacks all ages of pigs and if not experienced vaccination morbidity and mortality can reach 100% Spread of this disease through direct and indirect contact. Direct contacts between pigs with pigs themselves or between humans in this case workers, visitors or veterinarians who work on these farms with pigs. Indirect contacts can occur through cage equipment, work clothing or transport equipment used such as motorcycles, wagon or truck carrying. The source of the spread of this virus is blood, nasal and mouth fluids, urine, faeces and semen.Diagnosis of Hog Cholera disease based on clinical symptoms, disease epidemiology, pathology change and histopathology and confirmation of laboratory test result in isolation and virus identification, PCR and serology test result of ELISA and FAT.Prevention in the form of strict biosecurity applications concerning the traffic of livestock, humans and equipment is needed in the prevention of this disease. In addition Hog Cholera Vaccination is the most effective way to do for the prevention of this disease, especially in Hog cholera endemic areas. Until now Hog Cholera can not be treated antibiotics just to deal with secondary infections.The first case of Hog Cholera in Indonesia was found in North Sumatra in early 1994 the introduction of the disease was suspected from Peninsular Malaysia. In 1997 Hog Cholera spread to several other areas in Indonesia namely West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, DKI, Central Java, West Kalimantan, Bali, North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT).In NTT the Hog Cholera case was first found in Tarus Kabupaten Kupang in 1997 (Santia et al. 2008). In 1998 the disease has spread to several islands in NTT including Sumba, Rote, Sabu Island and several districts on the island of Timor. In 2002 the disease attacked the islands of Alor, Pantar and Pura. The year 2005 was first found in Flores ie in Sikka district although without the occurrence of outbreak (Diarmita 2011
AEVI-1 Investigasi Outbreak Penyakit Antraks di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar Tahun 2016
Full text linkInvestigasi wabah terhadap dugaan penyakit hewan infeksius (antraks) dilaksanakan sebagai tindak lanjut adanya kematian mendadak pada sejumlah ternak sapi dan kambing di Kecamatan Campalagian dan Kecamatan Wonomulyo, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Antraks merupakan salah satu penyakit hewan menular strategis yang bersifat zoonosis. Bacillus anthracis merupakan kelompok bakteri yang memiliki arti penting dalam aspek ekonomi, lingkungan, medis maupun kemanan biologis (Pilo dan Frey, 2011).Tujuan penyidikan adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi agen penyebab dalam rangka peneguhan diagnosis; identifikasi faktor risiko dan sumber penularan; serta merumuskan rekomendasi dan melaksanakan tindakan pengendalian di wilayah wabah
AEVI-5 Investigasi Outbreak Kematian Babi Diduga CSF dari Laporan Prioritas ISIKHNAS ID Kasus 18369843 di Provinsi Jawa Tengah pada Bulan Mei 2018
Full text linkAgen penyebab hog cholera adalah virus single stranded Ribonucleic Acid (ss-RNA) dari genus Pestivirus termasuk famili Flaviviridae. Virus HC berada dalam genus yang sama dengan virus bovine viral diarrhea (BVD). Virus berbentuk bulat helikal atau tidak teratur dan berukuran antara 40-50 nm dengan nukleokapsid berukuran 29 nm. Penyakit HC ini menyerang di segala umur, bersifat akut, sub akut, kronis ataupun subklinis. Kasus penyakit HC memiliki tingkat morbiditas dan mortaliltas yang tinggi. Masa inkubasinya berkisar antara 2-6 hari, dengan gejala klinis berupa demam tinggi 41-42oC, hilangnya nafsu makan, radang selaput lendir mata, disertai leleran air mata dan leleran air hidung, diare berwarna kekuningan, timbul bercak-bercak keunguan di daerah abdomen dan telinga, dan kematian biasanya terjadi antara 10-20 hari, tetapi apabila hewan bertahan lebih dari 30 hari maka jalan penyakitnya akan menjadi kronik (Musser, 2006).Tujuan penyidikan adalah untuk menentukan definisi kasus, mengumpulkan data dan informasi, melakukan pengambilan dan pengujian sampel,mengidentifikasi kemungkinan sumber/ rute infeksi, faktor risiko, analisis data serta pemberian saran tindakan pengendalian. Penyidikan dilakukan terhadap kasus kematian pada Babi di desa X, kecamatan Z, Kabupaten Pati Provinsi Jawa Tengah, berdasarkan laporan kasus Penyakit Prioritas ( P ) Isikhnas dengan id kasus 18369843
AEVI-14 Investigasi Outbreak Penyakit Jembrana Di Desa Hang Tuah, Kecamatan Perhentian Raja, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau Tahun 2017
Full text linkPenyakit Jembrana di Provinsi Riau pertama kali terdeteksi pada tahun 2013 dan sampai akhir tahun 2016 penyakit ini telah menyebar di seluruh kabupaten yang ada di Provinsi Riau. Penyakit Jembrana merupakan penyakit viral yang bersifat menular pada sapi Bali, ditandai dengan demam tinggi , peradangan selaput lendir mulut (stomatitis), pembesaran kelenjar limfe preskapularis, prefemoralis dan parotid, terkadang disertai keringat darah (blood sweating),mencret sering disertai darah dalam tinja terjadi pada beberapa hari setelah hewan demam dan atau menjelang kematian.,. Kerugian ekonomi yang diakibatkan penyakit Jembrana cukup bisa mencapai 100% dan dapat mempengaruhi lalu lintas ternak antar pulau.Penyakit Jembrana disebabkan oleh Retrovirus anggota group Lentivirus yang unik dan disebut Jembrana Disease Virus (JDV). Penyakit Jembrana menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh. Penularan secara mekanis dapat terjadi melalui insekta penghisap darah, seperti lalat Tabanus rubidus. Secara eksperimental, penyakit Jembrana dapat ditularkan melalui oral, lubang hidung, konjungtiva mata dan semen. Diagnosa banding untuk penyakit ini adalah Diare Ganas pada sapi (Bovine Viral Diarhea/BVD), penyakit Ngorok (Septicemia epizooticae/SE) dan enyakit Ingus (Malignant Catarrhal Fever/MCF). Pemeriksaan laboratoris, sangat diperlukan untuk membedakan penyakit-penyakit tersebut.Kegiatan penyidikan penyakit yang diduga terinfeksi penyakit jembrana di Desa Hang Tuah, Kecamatan Perhentian Raja, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau ini dilakukan dalam rangka investigasi lapangan berdasarkan laporan Peternak (Bapak Sarniman)Tujuan kegiatan adalah melakukan penyidikan kejadian kematian sapi, pengumpulan data epidemiologis dan mengetahui sebab, faktor resiko dan pola penyebaran penyakit dan memberikan saran tindakan pencegahan serta pengendalian penyakit yang menyebabkan kematian sapi yang diduga disebabkan oleh penyakit Jembrana di Desa Hang Tuah, Kecamatan Perhentian Raja, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau pada bulan Desember 2017
FA-5 Semen Characteristics of Banteng (Bos javanicus) Collected by Electroejaculation Method
Full text linkBanteng (Bos javanicus) is listed as endangered species in IUCN Redlist. Only few thousand wild banteng survive and their numbers are decreasing as a result of hunting and the loss of habitat due to deforestation and conversion to agricultural land. One of the conservation measures is to preserve this species in ex-situ breeding center. The breeding centre with the largest number of individuals is Ragunan Zoo in Jakarta, with 21 animals. Despite those numbers of individuals available, the sex ratio was far from ideal at 16 males and five females. While in Taman Safari Prigen, there were with 16 individuals and a sex ratio of five males and 11 females [1] Since number of males are usually less than females, and also to avoid inbreeding in order to keep high heterozygosity population, therefore, assisted reproductive technology such as artificial insemination is considered to be necessary.For artificial insemination, semen collection sufficient quantitiy and quality of semen from males are needed. Thus, best semen collection method should be considered. Though transrectal massage procedure does not require the male to be anesthetized prior to semen collection, semen collected by this technique contains urine contamination. Besides, volume of semen sample obtained by transrectal massage is lesser compared to electroejaculation. Electroejaculation is also suitable for wild animal because in this particular semen collection procedure, males are not required to be trained.The information about semen characteristics of banteng bulls collected by electroejaculation is less known. To date, study done by Johnston et al. (2002) is the only available data. That study only provided data from one semen sample from one 4-year-old banteng bull located at Western Plains Zoo [2]. Moreover such volume parameter and consistency was not reported from that study. Thus, this study is aimed to provide more reliable data from larger number of semen samples collected by electroejaculation and to add information to previous data that are availabe
FA-11 Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Bovine Brucellosis in Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta Province, Indonesia
Full text linkBrucellosis in dairy cows caused by Brucella abortus is detrimental to the dairy business because it adversely affects the production and reproduction potential of dairy cows. In Indonesia, annual economic losses due to reproductive disorders including abortion, infertility, sterility, death early of born weak calves and decreased milk production reached 13.8 million US$ (Noor, 2007).Subsequent serological studies have indicated the presence of bovine brucellosis in some areas in Indonesia such as South Sulawesi, West Timor and DKI. Jakarta. Although infection of goats and sheep in Indonesia has not been documented, brucellosis is likely to be present in these species as well. However, brucellosis in these species is generally caused by Brucella melitensis.Brucella abortus is endemic in Indonesia. In past three years, the number of brucellosis cases in DKI. Jakarta has increased with more less 501 heads were detected seropositive recently in 91 farms of dairy cattle and 141 out of 899 samples in 2013, 5 out of 178 in 2014 and 58 out of 202 in 2015 samples were positive Brucellosis reported among approximate 2.550 dairy cattle in DKI. Jakarta province respectively. Brucellosis was detected not only in dairy cattle, but also in sheep in DKI. Jakarta Province. Therefore brucellosis still a concern of the Indonesian government.Population of cattle in Indonesia is more less 16 million. This population comprises of 15.5 million of beef cattle and 0,5 million of dairy cattle distributed in 33 provinces. In Indonesia, eradication activities are accompanied by a vaccination program of infected farms conducted to maintain low level of brucellosis at farm level.However the implementation of vaccination program is mostly irregular, and therefore the benefits from the vaccination for brucellosis may be hard to assess. In addition, culling accompanied by a compensation scheme has not worked properly, as the amount of compensation disbursed is generally considered insufficient by farmers. This means that not all seroreactors are culled. (Anka et al, 2014).This situation threatens the cattle population in DKI. Jakarta, especially for DKI. Jakarta Province which has become the source of dairy products such as milk and milk-derived products. Therefore, bovine brucellosis is still one of the targeted diseases that the Indonesian government is trying to eradicate in future.
PAT-3 In Vitro Growth Inhibition Activities of Natural (nCaIFN) and Recombinant (rCaIFN) Canine Interferons on Three Different Tumor-Derived Cell Lines
Full text linkRecently, from many kinds of diseases one could be counted is a tumor disease. Tumor is a degenerative disease that involved many biological pathways within the host. A tumor or neoplasm can be defined as a disturbance of growth characterized by excessive, abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation of transformed or altered cell(s) at one or more primary points within the host, and frequently at one or more metastatic sites (Priosoeryanto, 1994).The treatment of tumor is mostly by medical surgery which usually combined with chemotherapeutic agent(s), unfortunately the using of chemotherapeutic agent can develop a seriously side effect to the treated-patients. Biological substances like interferon (IFN) known as anti-virus agent is also one of promising candidate for treating or preventing of tumor disorders.Feline and canine squamous cell carcinoma is one of tumor type that often found in cat and dog, and mostly develop to a very aggressive disorder. The using of in vitro cell culture is a way to avoid the use of live animals on the study of tumors especially the study of antitumor agent due to can mimic the in vivo condition. The aim of the present study is to examine the growth inhibition activity of natural and recombinant canine interferon in order to find the suitable biological substances for combating tumor disorder especially in the field of veterinary medicine and also as an information for the development of tumor treatment in the human medical side
PAT-6 Brain Histopathology of Cynomolgus Monkey (Macacafascicularis) with Memory Impairment Indicated by Alzheimer Type Neurodegenerative Disease
Full text linkThe study is about the degenerative lesion found in nine cynomolgus monkeys that showed decline cognitive function during theirold age life. In previous studies, the brain of these cynomolgus monkeys has been tested positive for amyloid deposits by using the ELISA test
AEVI-15 Investigasi Outbreak Avian Influenza (AI) pada Peternakan Puyuh di Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2018
Full text linkKejadian AI di Indonesia telah terjadi di beberapa Provinsi. Provinsi Riau khususnya Kota Pekanbaru adalah daerah endemis AI, dan dilaporkan sejak tahun 2008. Pada Tahun 2014, kejadian penyakit Avian Influenza di Kota Pekanbaru tidak lagi terjadi wabah melainkan hanya bersifat sporadis. Tercatat beberapa kasus laporan kematian burung puyuh dari masyarakat maupun peternak sejak tahun 2014, dan hasilnya adalah negatif Avian Influenza.Tujuan kegiatan adalah menyelidiki kejadian kematian burung puyuh di Kelurahan Tuah Negeri Kecamatan Tenayan Raya dan melakukan pengumpulan data epidemiologis sehingga diketahui penyebab/sumber penularan kematian burung puyuh di kelurahan tersebut, mengidentifikasi faktor resiko dan menentukan langkah-langkah pengendalian