Hemera Zoa
Not a member yet
402 research outputs found
Sort by
MP-2 Theileriosis Prevalence On The Cattle In District Gorontalo
Get PDFThis study aims to study the disease of protozoan blood in cattle in Gorontalo regency caused by Theileria sp .. Some protozoa of blood that infect cows include Theileria sp., Trypanosoma sp., And Babesia sp. The presence of protozoa will lead to anemia, growth disorders, reproductive disorders and death. In general, the protozoa of this blood will hamper the livestock business and result in economic losses for farmers.The sample of cow\u27s blood in Gorontalo Regency is the object studied. The samples taken were 158 cows obtained through the slovin equation with 93% accuracy. Samples were taken at the farmers\u27 level belonging to livestock groups and not belonging to livestock groups in Kabupaten Gorontalo. The study was conducted by examining cow blood memelaluimetode blood thin scalp examination using binocular microscope with 1000 magnification. Data analysis done descriptively. The results obtained found 32.5% of cattle suffering from Theilleriosi
MP-13 Antibody Response to Avian Influenza Vaccination in Small-Scale Duck Farming in Mojokerto District, East Java
Get PDFCommercial duck farming in Indonesia is practiced either as a nomadic way (moving around) or as an intensified settled system. Since the emergence of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 subtype clade 2.1.3 in Indonesia in 2003, ducks acted as a reservoir (carrier) without showing clinical signs. In late 2012 the new HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 was introduced which caused high duck mortality, especially in young ducks. Nomadic ducks have a high risk of developing and spreading Avian Influenza (AI). In addition to this high risk, there are many duck farmers who do not practice proper AI vaccination, to achieve protective immunity. One of the measures to control AI is by administering scheduled vaccinations. The objective of this study was to investigate the increase of AI antibody titer in ducks after vaccination and to identify the best timing for vaccination
FA-4 Assessment of Estrous Cycle Using Ultrasound to Determine Time of Insemination In Banteng (Bos javanicus, d’Alton 1823)
Get PDFBanteng is considered as endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Banteng is currently distributed in Java, in Kalimantan [Indonesian Borneo], Sabah [part of Malaysian Borneo], Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia and, probably Lao PDR and Vietnam (1). The populations in the Asian mainland have decreased by about 80% in the last decades. The total number of wild banteng is estimated to about 5,000-8,000 animals. No population has more than 500 animals, only a few have more than 50. Reasons for the population decline are reduction of habitat, poaching, hybridisation with domesticated cattle, and infections with cattle diseases (4).Since the wild population has been declining continously and the numbers of individual are getting smaller, therefore captive breeding is urgently needed in order to support the conservation of Banteng sustainably. Although breeding program of Banteng is important, but information about the reproductive biology of Banteng is very limited. Breeding programs in Banteng can be done by natural mating or using assisted reproductive technology such as artificial insemination (AI). The aplication of AI in Banteng can support Banteng conservation program in order to increase heterozygosity, prevent inbreeding and possible to use of the Banteng bulls from different facilities for AI of females in all breeding facilities of Banteng.AI applications require information on the estrous cycle and estrous signs to determine the precise AI time. Clinical signs of estrous in Banteng is difficult to observe, therefore determining the time of AI must be done through rectal palpation and ultrasonography. The objectives of this research is to assess estrous cycle to determine time of insemination
FA-8 Embryo Transfer and Artificial Insemination Program of Belgian Blue Cattle in Indonesia: Pregnancy Rate, Birth Weight and Calving Ease
Get PDFThe beef cattle industry in Indonesia hampered by low population and productivity. Apart from genuine adaptability to tropical condition and low input of production, local breeds basically have small body size and low daily weight gain. During the last few years, through artificial insemination (AI) program the government has introduced crossbred of various European breeds with local cattle. Moreover, embryo transfer (ET) program, has also been adopted to support the foundation of elite cattle. Balai Embrio Ternak (BET) Cipelang, a centre to produce and distribute embryos of high genetic quality cattle is responsible to develop a modern breeding program through embryo technology. The center, since its establishment in 2000, has produced and distributed thousands of bovine embryos of local and exotic breeds [1]. BET Cipelang has mandated to implement a large-scale importation of Belgian Blue (BB) embryos. Nine hundred frozen BB embryos have been imported from Belgium and transferred to recipients at various breeding centres. To study the performance of the crossbred between local breeds and BB, 1000 frozen semen of BB bulls were imported and inseminated [2}. The BB cattle has widely known as the breed with double muscling properties. The significance of this project is to study the BB capability on coping up with various local constraints to produce Indonesian BB. The breeding program of the local breed with BB through AI will direct the breeding policy on crossbreeding program. This study was developed to evaluate the success rate of AI and ET, calving ease, calves body weight, daily gains and some other phenotypic performance.
PAT-2 Rapid Diagnostic Test of Red Sea Bream Iridoviral Disease (RSIVD) in Grouper Epinephelus sp. Based on Serological Co-Agglutination and Molecular Study
Get PDFRed sea bream iridoviral disease (RSIVD) is caused by red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), adouble stranded DNA of Icosahedral virus with a diameter of 120-240 nm [1]. RSIV is one of the species of the Megalocytivirus, Genus of the Iridoviridae Family, first reported to infect red sea bream (Pagrus major) fish, at Sikoku Island, Japan 1991, and since then it has been noted to cause considerable economic losses to fisheries in Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Korea, Philippines, Malaysia and also in Indonesia [2,3,4]. Rapid transmission with high mortality rates in fish populations infected becomes a serious threat to the aquaculture fishery business. Stained imprints or tissue sections [1], monoclonal antibody technique (MAb), Immunofluorescent Antibody Tests (IFAT) [5], Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) [6] Electron Microscope and Multiplex PCR [2] methods have been introduced. Although it is very effective for detecting RSIVD in infected fish, but requires training and specialized equipment at a high cost.Co-agglutination test is a diagnostic method, used both in humans and animals in detecting bacterial or viral diseases [7], this method is fast, easy to use, and does not require special equipment. Test results from co-agglutination are easily seen macroscopically, so it is suitable if developed in RSIVD detection in the field case. This study aims to create and conduct RSIVD co-agglutination kit field tests supported by molecular studies and diagnostic analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of the accuracy and reliability of the kit. Then the test results will be compared from the pooling and individual samples
PCS-2 Specialized Structured Cardiovascular of Bats Related to Their Ability to Fly
Get PDFBats have the second largest diversity in mammalian classes after rodentia (Nurfitrianto et al., 2013). Bat population reaches approximately 1100 species (Teeling et.al 2005). In Indonesia there are 205 or 21% of known world bat species (Suyanto 2001). Bats are the only flying mammals. The ability bat to fly is supported by the shape of the extremities and also the adaptation of the cardiovascular organs. Based on empirical studies of cardiovascular was known that cardiac muscle mass is a good indicator for the degree of adaptive specialization of prolonged locomotor activity, in both birds and mammals. Data on cardiovascular muscle morphology and muscles that support flying ability will provide an overview of the behavior, ecology and physiology of certain animals (Bishop 1997).Several studies have been conducted to study the cardiovascular system of bats. Research on bat hematology profile has been done (Heard and Whittier 1997, Mclaughlin et.al 2007, Wawrocka and Bartonicka 2014, McMichael et al. 2015, Ratnasooriya 2016, Rashid et al, 2016, Rahma et al., 2018). Joseph (1908) says that every animal has a different size and heart shape to each other. This heart size difference is influenced by the size of the body and the high energy required by the animal (Joseph 1908).Bat\u27s heart rate is known to increase during flight (Thomas and Suthers 1972). This is causes an increase in the rate of metabolism. Writing this paper will discuss about the uniqueness of the bat\u27s heart so that it can support its ability to fly
PCS-4 In Vivo Embryo Production at Cipelang Livestock Embryo Centre
Get PDFLivestock Embryo Center/Balai Embrio Ternak (BET) Cipelang is one of the government institution under the supervision of Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health Services, Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia. BET Cipelang has the main task of carrying out the production, development, and distribution of livestock embryo for all regions of Indonesia. BET Cipelang produced embryos using two methods, there are in vivo and in vitro. The produced embryos will be transferred to the recipient cow using embryo transfer technique. Embryo transfer biotechnology can be used to enhance genetic improvement and to increase marketing opportunities with purebred cattle. Because of their relatively low reproductive rate and long generation interval, embryo transfer is especially useful with cattle. The success of embryo transfer depends on factors associated with the embryo, the recipient or an interaction among the factors of the embryo and recipient [1]. Embryo quality is one of the main factors for successful embryo production. In vivo embryo production has better quality than in vitro such as cell number, morphology, growth and development ability and after freezing. The frequency of occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities in in vivo-derived embryos are lower than in vitro and the consequence is that only 30-40% of oocytes resulting from in vitro maturation develop into blastocysts after in vitro fertilization and the in vitro yield rate of embryos are lower than from in vivo [2]. Recently, there are no studies about the performance of in vivo embryo production at BET Cipelang. The aim of this study is to explore the quality of in vivo embryos produced by BET Cipelang
PF-2 Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Disease Surveillance in the Area that Adjacents to the Ujung Kulon National Park as the Habitat for the Javan Rhinoceroses (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
Get PDFUjung Kulon National Park (UKNP) is one of the conservation area in Indonesia that has an original ecosystem that includes the flora and the fauna. Within the national park, lies the elusive wildlife that protected by the government, Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus). Javan rhinoceros is one of the rarest mammals with the estimated 67 individuals remained [1]. Geographically, UKNP is surrounded by 19 buffer villages. The buffer villages’ location is directly adjacent to the UKNP and the community’s livelihood pattern depended on the UKNP as it has become the free-range location of their water buffalo. Thus, it adds up the occurrence of the cross infection risk factor between the water buffalo and other ungulate sympatric animals in the UKNP (Javan rhinoceros and banteng). Surveillance study in 2014 with the collaboration of WWF Ujung Kulon, Livestock Agency of Pandeglang Sub District, and Cornell University to the community’s livestock in the buffer area of Rancapinang Village showed a significant prevalence of trypanosomiasis by 92% [2]. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listed the Javan rhinoceros as the critically endangered (CE) or vulnerable to the extinction threats. One of the extinction threats is the disease outbreak, since until now the occurrence of the disease is assumed to be the causative factors of several Javan rhino’s death incidence. In 1982, 5 individuals of Javan rhino has been documented died suddenly and assumed to be caused by the infectious diseases (Hemorrhagic septicemia and anthrax) [3] and 14 Javan rhino’s deaths in UKNP from 2000-2018, mostly the cause of the death is unknown
KIVEQ-1 Kasus Torsio Usus dan Ruptur Akibat Enterolith
Get PDFKejadian enterolith pada kuda di Indonesia sangat sering dilaporkan, akan tetapi saat ini masih belum cukup literatur yang membahas tentang gejala klinis dan teknik diagnosanya.Rose at al, 2003 mengatakan Enterolith merupakan konsentrasi mineral yang umumnya terbentuk pada usus besar walaupun terkadang dapat muncul sebagai sumbatan di usus halus.Pakan dengan kandungan nitrogen, magnesium dan phospor yang tinggi diperkirakan menjadi salah satu penyebab terbentuknya entertolith. Alfalfa (lucerne) hay merupakan salah satu pakan yang mengandung nitrogen dan magnesium dalam jumlah tinggi (Rose et al, 2003
KIVFA-2 Efek Imunomodulator terhadap Profil Leukosit Induk Sapi Friesian Holstein yang Diberi Antigen AI H5N1 Inaktif
Get PDFImmunomodulator adalah zat yang memiliki kemampuan untuk meningkatkan atau menekan respon imun. Cox (1988) melaporkan bahwa pengaruhnya selain terhadap respon imun, imunomodulator juga dapat memodulasi haematopoiesis, termasuk peningkatan jumlah RBC dan WBC (leukosit), peningkatan PCV dan aktivasi makrofag. Sapi friesian holstein (FH) merupakan sapi perah yang dapat digunakan sebagai hewan donor penghasil immunoglobulin G anti AI H5N1 melalui produk kolostrumnya (Esfandiari et al, 2007). Guna meningkatkan titer immunoglobulin pada hewan donor hiperimun sera umumnya hewan diberi imunomdulator. Berbagai jenis bahan seperti glucan, lectin, dan berbagai jenis polisakarida dari tanaman maupun hewan (Alamgir dan Uddin 2010) serta polipeptide ribonukleotida dapat digunakan sebagai imunomodulator.(Hess dan Greenberg 2012) Penggunaan polipeptida ribonukleotida sebagai imunomodulator ada sapi saat ini belum banyak diteliti. Pemberian imunomodulator memberikan dampak perubahan gambaran leukosit secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Dampak pemberian imunomodulator jenis polipeptide ribonukleotida pada sapi FH bunting trimester terakhir untuk tujuan produksi hiperimunsera melalui produksi kolostrum belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian imunomodulator peptide ribonukleotida pada sapi FH yang disuntik antigen AI H5N1 inaktif