Hemera Zoa
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KIVFA-3 Analisis dan Kajian Kadar Logam dalam Darah Sapi Potong
Get PDFBeberapa pemilik hewan ternak menggembalakan hewan ternaknya di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA). Pemeliharaan seperti ini dilakukan karena keterbatasan ladang penggembalaan dan pertumbuhan rumput yang tidak sebanding dengan kebutuhan pakan sapi. Masuknya mineral logam berbahaya ini tidak hanya melalui proses memakan, melainkan dapat juga melalui air minum atau kebiasaan ternak yang suka menjilat segala benda yang terdapat di TPA. Pakan sapi yang tercemari oleh berbagai bahan cemaran seperti material logam akan menimbulkan kerugian yang memang tidak secara langsung membunuh ternak, namun meterial logam berbahaya tersebut dengan kadar tinggi khususnya timbal (Pb) dan kadmium (Cd) dapat membahayakan kesehatan sapi dan munusia yang mengkonsumsi daging sapi potong tersebut (3)(10)(11). Selain itu akumulasi logam lainnya yang berlebih pada daging sapi dapat juga sejumlah tanda klinis diare, kelemahan otot dan gangguan fungsi ginjal (1) dan kanker.Tujuan penulisan ilmiah ini adalah mendapatkan informasi analisis kandungan berbagai jenis material logam seperti timbal (Pb), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), cuprum (Cu), Zink (Zn) dan Magnesium (Mg) dalam darah sapi potong dan mengkaji dampak kandungannya pada tubuh sapi potong
KIVFA-4 Studi Kasus Squamous Cell Carcinoma Mata pada Sapi Simmental Notel 1628
Get PDFBerdasarkan kasus penyakit pada tahun 2016 yang menyerang mata pada sapi Simmental dengan nomor telinga 1628, beberapa hal menjadikan kasus ini menarik perhatian medis, antara lain kejadian penyakit mata ini lebih sering menyerang pada sapi simmental dengan gejala klinis awal berupa bola mata yang mengalami konjunctivitis mata, rongga mata mengalami peradangan, semakin lama mata menjadi melepuh, terdapat sekresi terus menerus cairan nanah dan air mata, berbau busuk , terjadi ganrene bola dan rongga mata, dan sering terdapat myasis (luka berbelatung) pada rongga mata serta biasanya terdapat abses pada bagian pipi. Penyebab kerusakan bola mata pada sapi belum diketahui secara pasti. Beberapa dugaan penyebab kerusakan mata sapi yang pertama oleh infeksi kuman pathogen, yang kedua oleh non infeksius seperti terkena cairan kimiawi (ascarisida), terkena serbuk rumput, atau partikel-partikel debu (polutan), yang ketiga oleh carsinogen yang menyebabkan tumor atau kanker mata. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan studi kasus pada sapi Simmental dengan notel 1628
PF-28 Worms Infestation on Stray Cats in Central Bogor
Get PDFStray cats are cats that roam freely in the environment around human beings. Central Bogor is one of the administrative region that is located right at the downtown of Bogor. This region consists of diversity of places such as markets, terminals, campus, schools, housing areas, and many more. The human population in Central Bogor are much more compared to other regions. The diversity of places and dense residential population are one of the factors that increases the cat population in Central Bogor due to the characteristics of the cats that breed and adapt to the environment easily. Stray cats are usually close to human beings, without realizing that their presence has the potential to cause health problems to the society. The outspread of zoonotic parasitic worms is one of the problem caused by stray cats. Research about infestion of zoonotic parasitic worms in Indonesia is still rare compared to pet cats [1,2,3]. Specific research about worm infestation had been done in Central Bogor on pet cats [4] but has never done any on stray cats. The objective of this research is to determine the presence of worm infestations on stray cats in the Central Bogor region
SA-1 Conjunctivitis Treatment in Dog with Alkaline Water Eye Drop
Get PDFConjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctival tissue that lines the eyelids and covers the sclera. The conjunctiva is the exposed mucous membrane and reacts to antigenic stimulation caused by contact with harmful stimuli. Handling of cases of conjunctivitis is generally treated with the administration of glucocorticoid antibiotics and topical antibiotics and broad spectrum (Ron, 2017). However, handling using Alkaline Eye Drop is still rare even never done especially in dogs. Alkaline Eye Drop is a liquid with an alkaline pH, the normal dog\u27s eye pH is 8.05 (Billie et al, 2014). Alkaline water is easy to obtain and affordable. The use of Alkaline water to date has not been detected toxicity in the eye. But it is already used in humans to drink and cause antioxidant effects to the body (Rosa et al., 2012). It became the basis of the use of Alkaline Eye Drop for treatment in this case. The purpose of this paper is to get a more efficient, effective and without complications
KIVPU-2 Tren Hasil Pengujian Residu Antibiotik pada Telur Ayam di Indonesia Tahun 2015-2017
Get PDFTelur ayam merupakan produk pangan asal hewan yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat di Indonesia, karena mudah diperoleh dan merupakan sumber protein tinggi dengan harga yang relatif terjangkau. Kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengonsumsi telur semakin meningkat. Konsumsi telur ayam ras per kapita tahun 2016 sebesar 99,796 butir, mengalami peningkatan sebesar 2,46 % dari konsumsi tahun 2015 sebesar 97,398 butir [1]. Kondisi ini mendorong peternak ayam petelur untuk menaikkan jumlah produksi dalam memenuhi permintaan telur yang semakin meningkat. Industri peternakan ayam di Indonesia tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan penggunaan antibiotik sebagai upaya kuratif dalam pengendalian penyakit yang dapat menjadi kendala produksi telur. Selain itu, pemberian antibiotik juga digunakan sebagai imbuhan pakan (feed additive) untuk memacu pertumbuhan (growth promotor), meningkatkan produksi, dan efisiensi penggunaan pakan [2].Bahaya yang diakibatkan dari penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak sesuai aturan dapat meninggalkan residu pada jaringan dan organ, termasuk pada telur. Maka peternak perlu mengetahui aturan pemakaian antibiotika secara selektif dan terkontrol. Pemerintah melalui Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2009 pasal 22 ayat 4 huruf c tentang Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan sebagaimana telah direvisi dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2014, melarang penggunaan pakan yang dicampur hormon tertentu dan/atau antibiotik imbuhan pakan. Hal ini, sejalan dengan kebijakan WHO untuk mengurangi penggunaan berlebih antibiotik pada peternakan dan perikanan [3].Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, pengawasan residu pangan asal hewan sangat penting dalam rangka perlindungan kesehatan dan keamanan konsumen. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah dengan melakukan Pengawasan Monitoring dan Surveilans Residu (PMSR) dari seluruh provinsi di Indonesia setiap tahunnya. PMSR merupakan salah satu tugas, pokok dan fungsi dari Balai Pengujian Mutu dan Sertifikasi Produk Hewan (BPMSPH).Tujuan dari penulisan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui trend hasil uji positif residu 4 golongan antibiotik yang banyak di gunakan di dunia peternakan (Penisilin, Makrolida, Aminoglikosida dan Tetrasiklin) pada telur ayam di Indonesia selama tahun 2015 – 2017 dengan metode skrining dan meningkatkan kesadaran peternak serta konsumen akan bahaya dari residu antibiotik pada telur ayam.
VPH-2 Risk Factor Analysis for the Transmission of Classical Swine Fever in West Timor, Indonesia
Get PDFClassical Swine Fever (CSF) is a serious and highly infectious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar (Paton and Greiser-Wilke 2003). The causative agent, Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV) is a small (40±60 nm) enveloped ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus with a single stranded genome with positive polarity (Horzinek et al. 1971; Moennig and Greiser-Wilke 2008). The virus is one of three pestiviruses that forms a group of economically important pathogens (Moennig et al. 1990) belonging to the Flaviviridae family. It has a close antigenic relationship with the other pestiviruses - bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and border disease virus (BDV), as demonstrated by immunodiffusion and immunofluorescence tests, and their similar morphology and nucleic acid homology (Wengler 1991; Wengler et al. 1995). Indonesia was free from CSF until 1993. Between 1994 and 1996 thousands of pigs were reported to have died from the disease in the Indonesian regions of North Sumatera, Jakarta, Bali, Central Java, and North Sulawesi (Satya and Santhia 2000). An outbreak of CSF was reported in Dili, East Timor in August 1997 and the disease then spread to the Kupang district of West Timor in March 1998 (Satya and Santhia 2009) and subsequently to all districts of Timor (Santhia et al. 1997; Santhia et al. 1998). The existence of CSF in an area and the potential for introducing the disease into a new area can be associated with the presence of certain risk factors. Identification of these risk factors is important in understanding the transmission of disease and for developing effective prevention, control and eradication programs. Farmers are a valuable source of information about potential risk factors and associated management and husbandry practices linked with disease as they often have many years of experience in raising or trading livestock. This knowledge can be used to identify risk factors for disease.The objective of the study was to identify potential risk factors associated with CSF infection in West Timor. In particular factors involved in the management and husbandry of pigs were investigated
VPH-3 Framework to Evaluate Factors Associated With the Roaming Behaviour of Dogs in Flores Island, Indonesia
Get PDFDogs (Canis familiaris) are among the earliest domesticated animals and one of the most ubiquitous domestic species worldwide. Albeit of many benefits, this partnership can cause problems. Zoonoses (diseases transmittable from animals to humans) transmitted by dogs, particularly rabies, can have a high impact on animal and public health. Worldwide, more than 99% of human cases result from dog bites. The disease is responsible for around 59,000 human deaths per year with 60% occurring in Asia (1)(2). In societies where domestic dogs are owned, but free-roaming, a substantial risk for disease transmission through frequent contacts within the dog population exists. Yet, knowledge on the behaviors of free roaming domestic dogs (FRDD) is limited. Published studies exist on demography of dog populations worldwide, however studies examining roaming behavior and factors influencing it are rare. Do FRDD behave similarly worldwide? Is a dog just a dog? Or are there specific factors that influence their roaming behavior and therefore disease transmission? Such information is needed to inform mathematical disease spread models, which can be used to design evidence-based disease control strategies within FRDD populations.We hypothesize that the behavior of FRDD depends on individual-dog, anthropogenic and environmental factors, which consequently influence the spread of infectious diseases in dog populations, which is also influenced by the duration of the immunity after anti-rabies vaccination. Our objectives are to identify those influential factors and investigate the impact of identified factors on disease spread.We combine infectious disease modelling with empirical data collected in Flores Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. We identified three study sites (Pogon, Habi, and Hepang) including urban and rural areas of different dog density. We gathered the following data: Movement data from individual dogs and contact rates among them using GPS collars, dog characteristics and management by conducting interviews with dog owners, environmental factors through observation, serological samples through venipuncture, and dog counts via transects. We targeted 200 dogs (100, 60 and 40 dogs for high, middle and low-density sites). These are appropriate sample sizes, based on our previous experience. Blood samples are collected over a one year period. All the dogs included in the study are sampled at D0, D30, D90, D180 and D360 after vaccination. The samples will be serologically analyzed for rabies antibodies and compared to the vaccination history of the dogs. We will then incorporate knowledge gained on dog roaming, rabies immunity and dog population size into mathematical agent-based simulation models.Thanks to this study, and similar data collected in African and Latin American countries, we will have a better understanding of the behaviour of the FRDD worldwide and their impact on zoonosis transmission. This study will contribute to the common aim of WHO and OIE to eradicate dog mediated human rabies by adapting the current recommendations for rabies vaccination to local settings and getting knowledge on the empirical rabies immunity duration in the field. Considering the close linkage between dog and human health, this study will also benefit humans by controlling rabies in free roaming domestic dog populations. Our objectives are to identify those influential factors and investigate the influence of identified factors on disease spread
JSPS-3 Detection of Pathogens Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease: Clinical Cases in Thai Dairy Herds
Get PDFBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the major source of economic loss for the cattle industry. The major respiratory pathogens, such as bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine herpesvirus type1 (IBR), Parainfluenza 3 (PI3) virus impaired the animal’s respiratory defenses in which Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica and Mycoplasma bovis caused the complex of respiratory disturbances. The investigation of clinical cases of BRD in dairy farms supports the information for control and treatment strategies. We aim to investigate pathogens that associated with clinical cases of bovine respiratory disease in Thai dairy herds
OH-4 Upaya Keberlanjutan Program Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Zoonosis Tertarget dan PIB dengan Pendekatan One Health Melalui Pemanfaatan Dana Desa
Get PDFPENDAHULUANMunculnya kembali Penyakit Infeksi Baru/Berulang (PIB-Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs)) semakin cepat terjadi. Diperkirakan lima PIB muncul setiap tahun, tiga diantaranya bersifat zoonosis. Pendekatan One Health dianggap sebagai solusi dari permasalahan yang timbul akibat wabah zoonosis dan PIB. Pendekatan One Health menekankan kerja sama antar disiplin, berbagi informasi dan kolaborasi di semua tingkat dari pengambil kebijakan hingga petugas lapangan, terutama dalam surveilans. Keterbatasan SDM di tingkat lapangan dengan cakupan area yang sangat luas dianggap dapat diatasi dengan pelibatan peran aktif masyarakat dalam meningkatkan upaya deteksi dini dan pelaporan awal zoonosis dan PIB. Namun demikian program tersebut memiliki tantangan signifikan terkait dana operasional kader yang merupakan bagian dari masyarakat
