Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology
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Keanekaragaman dan Kemerataan Jenis Collembola Gua di Kawasan Karst Malang Selatan
Full text linkKarst adalah bentang alam yang unik yang terbentuk akibat dari pelarutan batuan karbonat atau batuan gamping oleh air hujan. Di dalam kawasan karst terbentuk beberapa gua yang menjadi ci khas dari kawasan karst yang terbentuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman Collembola gua yang berada di Kawasan Karst Malang Selatan. Sampel yang diambil adalah berasal dari tanah yang berada di lantai gua dengan menggunakan teknik Purposiv Sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada empat gua yaitu Gua Harta, Gua Krompyang, Gua Prapatan JLS, dan Gua Lowo. Setiap pengambilan sampel dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan pada setiap zona, yaitu zona terang, zona remang, dan zona gelap. Hasil analisis data menghasilkan nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman H’=0,46121 dan Indeks Kemerataan E=0,28656
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Daging Buah Kurma Ajwa (phoenix dactylifera) Terhadap Hitung Jenis Leukosit Embrio dan Induk Mencit (mus musculus) Bunting
Full text linkPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daging buah Kurma Ajwa (Phoenix dactylifera) terhadap hitung jenis leukosit embrio dan induk mencit (Mus musculus) bunting. Setiap perlakuan dibagi dalam empat kelompok perlakuan ekstrak. Kelompok I (kelompok kontrol), kelompok II (3 kurma setara 3,12 mg/kg BB mencit), kelompok III (5 kurma setara 5, 2 mg/kg BB mencit), dan kelompok IV (7 kurma setara 7, 28 mg/kg BB mencit). Ekstrak diberikan pada masa kebuntingan 14 sampai 18 hari melalui peroral. Pada hari ke 19 kebuntingan dilakukan pembedahan untuk diambil darahnya pada bagian jantung mencit. Hitung jenis leukosit melalui teknik apusan darah dengan mengamati 100 sel leukosit perbesaran 400 kali pada mikroskop. Hasilnya ekstrak daging buah Kurma Ajwa (P. dactylifera) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hitung limfosit dan basofil, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap hitung monosit, eosinofil dan neutrofil pada embrio mencit. Sedangkan pada induk mencit berpengaruh terhadap hitung eosinofil dan monosit dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap limfosit, basofil dan neutrofil.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daging buah Kurma Ajwa (Phoenix dactylifera) terhadap hitung jenis leukosit embrio dan induk mencit (Mus musculus) bunting. Setiap perlakuan dibagi dalam empat kelompok perlakuan ekstrak. Kelompok I (kelompok kontrol), kelompok II (3 kurma setara 3,12 mg/kg BB mencit), kelompok III (5 kurma setara 5, 2 mg/kg BB mencit), dan kelompok IV (7 kurma setara 7, 28 mg/kg BB mencit). Ekstrak diberikan pada masa kebuntingan 14 sampai 18 hari melalui peroral. Pada hari ke 19 kebuntingan dilakukan pembedahan untuk diambil darahnya pada bagian jantung mencit. Hitung jenis leukosit melalui teknik apusan darah dengan mengamati 100 sel leukosit perbesaran 400 kali pada mikroskop. Hasilnya ekstrak daging buah Kurma Ajwa (P. dactylifera) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hitung limfosit dan basofil, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap hitung monosit, eosinofil dan neutrofil pada embrio mencit. Sedangkan pada induk mencit berpengaruh terhadap hitung eosinofil dan monosit dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap limfosit, basofil dan neutrofil
Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Berkhasiat Obat Pada Suku Noaulu Di Pulau Seram, Maluku
Full text linkNoaulu an indigenous tribe of Seram Island who live in the Sepa Village of Amahai District, Maluku. This tribe still use forest products to fulfill their needs, including medication. Therefore, this study intends to know the kinds of medicinal plants used by the Noaulu Tribe and the types of diseases that can be treated. Collecting data in this study using survey method and an interview method with the public interest. Determination of the respondents was using purposive sampling method. Inventory of medicinal plants was done by a survey method survey based respondent information. The result of the research shows that there are 31 medicinal plants from 22 families. They are able to cure 20 diseases. The plants which are predominantly used are from Zingiberaceae family. Leaves of the plant are mostly used as the drugs
Identification of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxilid Acid (ACC)-Deaminase Producing Endophytic Bacteria from Local Agricultural Plantation Based on 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene as Genetic Marker
Full text linkThe objective of this work was to isolate and identify of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase producing endophytic bacteria from root of local agricultural plantation by using 16S rRNA gene as genetic marker. Twelve root samples were collected from local agricultural plantation in Java area. After surface sterilization, each root sample was inoculated in nutrient agar media and the grown colonies were further purified and tested for the ability to grow in N-free minimal medium containing AIB as a sole of nitrogen source. The selected colonies were further tested for their ACC deaminase activity by measuring the rate of conversion of ACC into α-ketobutyrate. From this work, 12 bacterial strains that exhibited the ACC deaminase activity by 123.75 to 1461.44 nmol α-ketobutyrate/mg/hour were successfully isolated. Based on the 16SrRNA gene sequences, those bacterial isolates were identified as Sphingobacterium multivorum BK1, Bacillus mycoides CB2, Pantoea dispersa CK4, Pantoea agglomerans KD6.2, Enterobacter ludwigii KW3, Bacillus aryabhattai TW7, Pseudomonas monteilii KS12, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida KS16.2, Pseudomonas putida PIR3C, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia PIR5, Lysinibacillus pakistanensis PIC5, and Raoultella terrigena PCM8. Pseudomonas putida PIR3C and Pseudomonas monteilii KS12 showed promising ACC deaminase activity and therefore it could be as a good candidate for further application in plant growth promoting in stress conditions
Toksisitas Ekstrak n-heksana Serbuk Gergaji Kayu Sengon (Albizia falcataria l. Forberg) terhadap Mortalitas Serangga Penggerek Buah Kopi (Hypothenemus hampei ferr.) (Scolytidae: Coleoptera)
Full text linkResearch on the toxicity of n-hexane extract of Albizia falcataria sawdust against Hypothenemus hampei has been conducted. The method of research was contact method. The concentrations used in the experiment were control (aquadest); 0.25%; 0.5%; 1%; 2%; and 4%. Every concentration was sprayed on the female imago. Observations were performed 120 hours after treatment. The results showed that there was an effect of the length of observation time and concentration on the mortality of H. hampei (GLM Test α= 5%). The time of observation and concentration of A. falcataria sawdust n-hexane extract has positive correlation on H. hampei mortality. Therefore, the longer the treatment time, the more H. hampei mortality is increased. The mortality of H. hampei also increased with increasing concentration given. At a concentration of 4%, extract of A. falcataria sawdust has high toxicity which causes the highest mortality (> 92%)
Profil Senyawa Bioaktif Ekstrak Kalus Biji Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix DC.) Pasca Induksi Metil Jasmonat
Full text linkKaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) is an alternative source of potential and relatively safe anticancer compounds as it contains bioactive components. Previous study has shown that the extract of kaffir lime leaves contains terpenoids and potentially as anticancer. However, the content of bioactive compounds may vary due to environmental factors. Callus culture is an alternative method of induction of bioactive compound content with a controlled environment. Previous study has succeeded in inducing callus from kaffir lime seed explants produce the ideal callus with a crumb / friable texture. Methyl jasmonate is reported to induce the production of secondary metabolite compounds. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate is one of the strategy to increase terpenoids from cultured cells Objective of this study is anlyze the using of methyl jasmonate as elicitor.to increase bioactive compounds inkaffir lime cell suspension. Callus induced from seed explants age 40 days were transferred into liquid medium for the initiation of suspension culture. Subculture is done when the age of culture reaches 21 days then measured thegrowth curve o f cell supension and concentration of sucrose in medium. After cells reached log phse in 12 days then be treated with methyl jasmonic for 8 days. The cell suspension then beextracted with ethyl acetate by maceration method. The content of bioactive compounds in the extract was anlyzed with GC-MS. Suspension of lime lime cells C. hystrix, without treatment yields fatty acid compounds. Bioactive compounds produced by suspended cell suspension after methyl jasmonate elicitation is germacrene A, myrcene, alpha-terpineol, geranyl acetate, trans-caryophyllene, delta-guaiene and several types of ester fatty acids
Studi Etnobotani Masyarakat di Sekitar Kawasan Hutan Bedugul Bali
Full text linkThe Ethnobotany study of society advantage knowing plant species that be used and this usefulness. This study purpose identification plant’s utilization and local wisdom in Bedugul area. This method is purposive sampling that based profession with interview to Dukun, Baten, housewife, Farmer, craftsmen and builder. Filed data were processed with quantitative to get the benefit index (BI) on 181 species. Top ten species have been the highest of BI such as: Musa paradisiaca (0.026718), Arenga pinnata (0.022901), Artocarpus integer (0.015267), Cocos nucifera (0.015267), Colocasia esculenta (0.015267), Curcuma domestica (0.015267), Schizostachyum brachyckadum (0.015267), Moringa oleifera (0.01145), Aleurites moluccanus (0.01145) & Allium sativum (0.01145). Four of them have rare status i. e: Borassus flabellifer, Alstonia scholaris, Eeucresta horsfieldii & Saurauia bracteosa. Bali culture which has reserved with conservation education (Tumpek Wariga ceremony, Wana Kertih & Danau Kertih) makes the environment sustainability.
 
Analisis Kariometric Akibat Pemberian Variasi Dosis Aspartam pada Perkembangan Fetus Mencit (Mus Musculus L.)
Full text linkAspartame is safe for consumption according to the prescribed ADI, but this artificial sweetener is not nutritious or does not contain calories so it is not recommended to be consumed during pregnancy. This study was to analyze cariometric effect of aspartame doses in the development of fetal mice (Mus muculus L.). The type of research used was experimental laboratory research on 24 adult mice with 4 treatment groups, control, aspartame dose 13 mg / Kg BB, 39 mg / Kg BB and 78 mg / Kg BB. Data was analyzed using SPSS 16 with one way ANOVA. Based on the results of the study there were changes in the number and weight of the fetus due to aspartame doses, there was no change in fetal length due of aspartame dose variations. Consumption of aspartame during pregnancy should be avoided because it can cause teratogenic effects. For further research, it is necessary to observe the morphology and histology of the fetus which is expressed by aspartame to determine the types of congenital abnormalities
Karakterisasi Kromosom Spesies Anggota Familia Solanaceae
Full text linkIndonesia is known as a country rich in various agricultural and plantation products, including vegetables. One effort to improve quality of the production by identifying and characterizing chromosomes. The purpose study to characterize number, shape and size of the chromosomes in Solanaceae family. The study using modified Squash method. Chromosome preparation including fixation, maceration, staining, and analyzed using Image Raster 3 application, then Corel Draw X6. The results showed study to characterize the number, shape and size in the Capsicum annum L. Tm 999 (2n=20m+4sm and 2,41 s/d 9,99 µm) then Capsicum frutescens L. Kencana (2n=16m+8sm and 3,12 s/d 10,49 µm). In Solanum lycopersicum Or Diana and Marta (2n=16m+8sm and 3,12 s/d 10,49 µm) then (2n=22m+2sm and 2,65 s/d 7,28 μm). In Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Juliet and Tropical Ruby (2n=18m+6sm and 0,77 s/d 1,81 μm) then (2n=20m+4sm and 0,39 s/d 0,94 μm). Solanum melongena L. Or Valerie and Mustang (2n=24m and 0.29 s/d 0.87 μm) then (2n=22m+2sm and 0,5 s/d 1.28 μm). In Solanum melongena L. Kania and Pulus (2n=20m+4sm and 0.64 s/d 3.43 μm) then (2n=16m+8sm and 0.84 s/d 2.51 μm). In Solanum melongena L. Jeno and Planet Hijau (2n=18m+6sm and 0.65 s/d 2.423 μm) then (2n=14m+10sm and 0.46 s/d 1.73 μm). In Capsicum annum var. Grossum L. Red Star and Purple Star (2n=22m+2sm and 3.19 s/d 8.49 μm) then (2n=24m and 5.5 s/d 11.92 μm)
Dragonfly Diversity in Cibodas Botanical Garden in West Java
Full text linkThe dragonfly (Odonata) is a flying insect that plays an important role in the food chain and acts as a bioindicator of water health. This is due to its biological characteristics which include spending most of its life stages in the water and preying on smaller insects. This study is aimed to investigate the level of dragonfly diversity in Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java. The method used in this research was direct observation using catch and release technique. The research was carried out from May to July 2018. A total of 1,510 individuals belonging to eight dragonfly species were found in the four sampling locations. These were divided into two Sub-Orders: 1) Anisoptera (Orthetrum pruinosum, Pantala flavences, Orthetrum sabina, Neurothemis fluctuans, Neurothemis terminata, and Orthetrum glaucum); and 2) Zygoptera (Ischnura senegalensis, dan Ceoliccia membranipes). The highest values of species diversity index (H') and evenness index (E) were found in Ciismun Waterfall (1,45 and 0,88, respectively). The dominance index (D) in the four sampling sites ranged between 0.25 - 0.32. The highest species richness index (R) was found in Sakura Garden (0,99)