5358 research outputs found
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Drugs utilisation in the Italian setting: the case of wAMD, DME and RVO
No full textOBJECTIVES: Anti-VEGF and corticosteroids have revolutionized the care of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (wAMD), retinal vein occlusions (RVO), and diabetic macular edema (DME). The study aimed at investigating drug-utilization of the licensed treatments, in the Italian clinical practice. METHODS: An observational study, based on data from pharmacy databases, was conducted in 6 hospitals in the Lombardy and Veneto Regions (Italy). Data referring to patients affected by wAMD, RVO or DME receiving intravitreal injections between 01/01/ 2015 and 12/31/2017 were collected, including number of injections received, administered drugs, and treated eye. A 24-month time frame after diagnosis was considered. RESULTS: 3,314 patients (3,689eyes) were diagnosed for a maculopathy requiring intravitreal therapy. Most patients (61.32%) were diagnosed with AMD, followed by DME (23.84%) and RVO (14.85%). Out of 3,314 patients, 811 (24.47%) received treatment up to 24 months. Among them, out of 578 AMD patients, 500(required a single-eye treatment, and received 7.01 and 7.51 injections with ranibizumab and aflibercept respectively. Patients treated bilaterally (13.49%) received 12.03 and 11,5 ranibizumab and aflibercept injections respectively. Out of 165 DME patients, 119 were administered 6.55, 7.63 and 3.59 injections of ranibizumab, aflibercept and dexamethasone respectively, in a single eye. 27.87% DME patients treated bilaterally, received an overall number of 11.69, 14.5 and 5.77 respectively for each drug. 68 patients were treated for RVO: 63 patients were treated in one eye, receiving 7.26, 7.67 and 3.90 ranibizumab, aflibercept and dexamethasone injections. Only 5 patients were treated bilaterally, receiving 15.33 ranibizumab or 6 aflibercept injections). CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights differences between clinical practice and prescribing information. This might depend on the organizational constraints at hospital level. Hence, hospital organizational capacity need to be improved, being able to reach the unmet need required by population ageing.10-14 November 201
Physical blockchain: a blockchain use case for the physical internet
No full textA stunning technological upgrading of the Internet and its uses for companies, individuals, and public organizations is promised by the Blockchain. It allows to realize peer-to-peer transactions, and also to incorporate legally binding "smart contracts" with no need for central authorities or third parties other than the Blockchain itself. There is yet another concept that promises to revolutionize the way we trade, the Physical Internet. Like the Blockchain, it is expected have the capability to be permissioned or permissionless (e.g. known traders or anonymous auctioneers), and and to be distributed. By the year 2050, because of its high degree of standardization and automation, a trader expecting a good to move from and to any place at a specified time, will no longer have to worry for the cheapest or most sustainable solutions, because it all will be optimized by the Physical Internet itself. This document lays out a first Blockchain use case for the Physical Internet. We first outline the Blockchain and Physical Internet concepts, the use case developed with Hyperledger Fabric, and the future capability requirements for the future development of the Physical Blockchain use case.18-22 June 201
The role of venture capital in supporting the development process of innovative start-ups: evidence from the Italian market
No full textThis research paper investigates the role of Italian venture capital in supporting innovative start-ups in their early-stage process, which is usually focused on the creation of a new product or the development of a new service. The aim of the study is to observe and assess the key economic features of innovative start-ups funded at the beginning of the early-stage by venture capital funds and thereafter analyze the level of development of target companies at four years since the capital injection. The sample of deals created to describe this dynamic process is composed by investments realized between 1996 and 2012 and, in this way, according to the chosen methodology, it is representative of Italian venture capital role and contribution in the years from 1996 to 2016. The authors used for their empirical study a proprietary database, Venture Capital Monitor—VeMTM. Through the analysis of collected data, the paper describes the strategic importance of venture capital investments in early-stage opportunities both for target companies and the Italian socio-economic environment, and finds aggregate values of reference to quantitatively define the socio-economic outcome of this kind of operations. A final further contribution is provided by comparing the present results to the ones of two previous studies conducted by the authors
Asymmetric information and deal selection: evidence from the Italian venture capital market
No full textThe aim of this study is to show how information asymmetry affects the venture capital (VC) deal selection process in the Italian capital market. In this paper, the authors want to analyse how venture capitalists (VCs) choose which new companies to sustain. In the absence of information about these start-ups, investors encounter difficulties when evaluating the quality of new firms. VCs can only assess the value of observable characteristics, relying on a background affected by information asymmetries, such as the entrepreneur and the management team, patents, and the presence of strategic alliances. The authors use information collected in a dataset built on information contained in the Bureau van Dijk database, completed with data collected through a survey sent to VC funds. The period under observation is between 2012 and 2017. The dataset is composed of 150 observations, and represents a significant sample of the Italian market. The results show that there is a positive relationship between management education, the management team's international experience, number of patents and the likelihood of receiving financing from VCs. This reasoning allows for highlighting the importance of matching the business idea with the investment decision made between VCs and new enterprises, especially when the better-informed part, the firms, can send a signal of quality to the less-informed part, the VCs
3D printing objects as knowledge artifacts for a do-it-yourself approach in clinical practice: a questionnaire-based user study in the orthopaedics domain
No full textPurpose. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the phenomenon of the digital do-it-yourself (DiDIY) in the medical domain. In particular, the main contribution of the paper is the analysis and discussion of a questionnaire-based user study focused on 3D printing (3DP) technology, which was conducted among clinicians of one of the most important research hospital group in Lombardy, Italy.
Design/methodology/approach. A general reflection on the notion of knowledge artifacts (KAs) and on the use of 3DP in medicine is followed by the research questions and by a more detailed analysis of the specialist literature on the usage of 3DP technology for diagnostic, training and surgical planning activities for clinicians and patients. The questionnaire-based user study design is then emerging from the conceptual framework for DiDIY in healthcare. To help focus on the main actors and assets composing the 3DP innovation roles in healthcare, the authors model: the DiDIY-er as the main initiator of the practice innovation; the available technology allowing the envisioning of new practices; the specific activities gaining benefits from the innovative techniques introduced; and the knowledge community continuously supporting and evolving knowledge practices.
Findings. The authors discuss the results of the user study in the light of the four main components of our DiDIY framework and on the notion of KA. There are differences between high expertise, or senior, medical doctors (MDs) and relatively lower expertise MDs, or younger MDs, regarding the willing to acquire 3DP competences; those who have seen other colleagues using 3DP are significantly more in favor of 3DP adoption in medical practices, and those who wish to acquire 3DP competence and do-by-themselves are significantly more interested in the making of custom-made patient-specific tools, such as cutting guides and templates; there are many recurrent themes regarding how 3DP usage and application may improve medical practice. In each of the free-text questions, there were comments regarding the impact of 3DP on medical knowledge practices, such as surgical rehearsal, surgery, pathology comprehension, patient-physician communication and teaching.
Originality/value. The 3DP adoption in healthcare is seen favorably and advocated by most of the respondents. In this domain, 3DP objects can be considered KAs legitimately. They can support knowledgeable practices, promote knowledge sharing and circulation in the healthcare community, as well as contribute to their improvement by the introduction of a new DiDIY mindset in the everyday work of MDs
La "mano visibile" del giovane imprenditore
No full textLe imprese familiari sono davvero responsabili? La risposta è sì e l'azione delle nuove generazioni è ancora più incisiva. Questo il risultato a cui conduce lo studio "Family up!" pubblicato dai ricercatori della LIUC - Università Cattaneo
Il fisco. Le guide
No full textIl D.Lgs. n. 139/2015 ha recepito nel nostro ordinamento la Direttiva contabile 34/UE/2013 e ha introdotto nel Codice civile il criterio del costo ammortizzato per i crediti, i debiti e i titoli. Tale criterio, che era presente unicamente nell'ambito dei principi contabili internazionali IAS/IFRS, ha rappresentato un'importante novità per le imprese che redigono il bilancio in forma ordinaria. Negli emendamenti pubblicati dall'OIC nel dicembre 2017 è stato abrogato il principio contabile OIC 6 "Ristrutturazione del debito e informativa di bilancio" e alcune disposizioni ivi contenute sono state ora inserite nell'OIC 19 "Debiti"
Il progetto di scissione di uno spin-off immobiliare. Dottori commercialisti ed esperti contabili: guida all'esame di stato
No full textLa scissione è una delle principali operazioni societarie di natura straordinaria che viene frequentemente utilizzata per effettuare riorganizzazioni aziendali. È l'operazione straordinaria mediante la quale una società (scissa) assegna l'intero suo patrimonio (scissione totale) a più società beneficiarie, preesistenti o di nuova costituzione ovvero assegna parte del suo patrimonio (scissione parziale) ad una o più beneficiarie, con attribuzione delle azioni o quote di queste ultime ai soci. Il ricorso all'operazione di scissione è legato a motivi di ristrutturazione degli assets produttivi, a livello organizzativo, strategico di diversificazione degli investimenti ma anche alla tutela del soggetto economico a causa ad esempio di dissidi interni tra soci, ricambio generazionale, di alternativa alla liquidazione, ecc. Il presente contributo, muovendo da un caso specifico, analizzerà gli aspetti procedurali di un'operazione di spin-off non proporzionale asimmetrico, predisponendo un esempio di progetto di scissione