Makara Journal of Health Research
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The Effects of Dietary Food Fortified with Vitamin B4 on Lipid Profiles in Serum and Liver Tissue
No full textThe effects of dietary food fortified with vitamin B4 on lipid profiles in serum and liver tissue were studied. Rats were paired-fed a 0.25% vitamin B4 diet or a diet without vitamin B4 for 10 days. Serum lipid levels were measured using enzyme assay kits. Lipids of liver tissues were extracted and the lipid contents were determined. A piece of liver was prepared to determine the activities of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and fatty acid β-oxidation. The results showed that animals fed a food fortified with vitamin B4 had higher level of serum TG, PL, total cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein. Their increases were approximately by 74%, 20%, 27%, and 27%, respectively. The significant changes in liver lipid were only found in PL component. This treatment promoted FAS activity, but impaired the fatty acid β-oxidation. In conclusion: Dietary food fortified with vitamin B4 induces hypertriglyceridemia and liver PL level
The Conduct of Mothers as Users of Milk Bottles and the Incidence of Diarrhea in Infants
No full textDiarrheal disease is still one of the major diseases in public health problems in Indonesia because of its high incidence and mortality. Almost all cases of acute diarrhea are caused by bacterial infection, the most frequent of which is diarrhea, an infection of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli). These bacteria enter the human body through the hands or through tools such as bottles, pacifiers, thermometers and eating utensils contaminated by the feces of patients or carriers. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between the conduct of mothers as users of milk bottles for their infants in Sub-District Kayuringin South Bekasi Jaya, Bekasi District in 2008. A total of 160 persons made up the sample of mothers who participated in this study, which centered on the ways in which the bottles used for the infants were cleaned and the milk prepared. The results of the study showed that there was no correlation between the conduct of the mothers and the presence of E. coli. The result of the study implies that there are other factors that may be leading to the occurrence of diarrhea, such as environmental and individual health factors, specifically those related to hygiene, socio-cultural factors, nutritional factors, and social factors
Risk Factors of Filariasis in Jati Sampurna Village
No full textThe subdistrict Jati Sampurna is the most endemic area of filariasis in Bekasi City. This study was undertaken to get a picture of the situation and find the dominant risk factors associated with the occurrence of filariasis in the subdistrict. The research design encompasses case-study control with a total of 93 respondents. The variables studied were the physical environment in a house with six risk factors, characteristics of individuals with three risk factors, the physical environment outside the home, behavior, and the source transmitters, each of which with one risk factor. The risk factors associated with the incidence of the disease are the ceiling construction of the house, objects hanging in the house, the presence of wire screens, gender and the habit of going out at night. These four risk factors, in addition to the use of mosquito nets, is considered as the most dominant risk factors in the occurrence of filariasis in Kelurahan Jati Sampurna
Radiographic Evaluation of Osteoporosis through Detection of Jaw Bone Changes: A Simplified Early Osteoporosis Detection Effort
No full textOsteoporosis has become a worldwide problem and has been known as a silence disease. Nowadays, there are a lot of diagnostic tools for detecting osteoporosis. Eighty eight postmenopausal were included and underwent digital panoramic, digital periapical, and conventional radiography. Ultrasound bone densitometry of os calcis used as gold standard. Correlation between stiffness index (SI) with a digital dental, digital panoramic and conventional dental radiography are 0.170 (p = 0.11), -0382 (p = 0.001) and 0.246 (p = 0.021) respectively. Significant relationship was found between the SI only with digital panoramic and conventional dental. The highest correlation was found between SI values with mandibular Inferior Cortex on digital panoramic (-0.382, Pearson Correlation Tests). Correlation between digital panoramic radiographs and the SI values was the highest of the three radiographic modalities in this study. This indicates that evaluation of cortical bone is more accurate than cancellous bone. Bone quality evaluation in patients at high risk for osteoporosis using panoramic and dental conventional radiograph by dentist, contributes in preventing further occurrence of osteoporosis which in turn could reduce mortality and morbidity of osteoporosis in Indonesia
Long Terminal Repeats Region as a Potential Target for HIV Molecular Detection
No full textIndonesian National Committee for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has reported the significant increase of HIV infected individual in Indonesia. A sensitive accurate diagnostics are urgently needed to prevent the dissemination of HIV and also to provide a suitable therapy. For this reason, we have developed HIV diagnostic method based on PCR to elucidate this problem. For this research, samples were collected from hospitals and Indonesian Red Cross that consist of samples possesing HIV serological test positive and indeterminate. Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) were isolated from blood plasma. These RNA then were amplified after Reverse transcriptase reaction by using primers which have been designed using env (C2V3C3), Long Terminal Repeats (LTR) (U3) and Capsid gag (p24) as target regions. The obtained results shown 26/34 (76.5%) positive in LTR, 10/33 (36.4%) positive in Env and 11/33 (33.3%) positive in p24. These results showed that LTR primers detect HIV more than other primers. It suggests that LTR could be used as detection target as complement of env and p24 These results need to be explored further by using sequencing method
Dengue fever Potential Area at Pademangan Barat Sub District, North Jakarta
No full textDengue hemorrhagic fever is an infectious disease that contagious by Aedes aegypti mosquito’s bites. Anybody could infectious by this illness, without differentiate their sex, age, social status, and economic status as well. Nevertheless, at slum area, where mosquito’s larva is easy to find, the number of infectious people is presuming high. By using primary data and analyze with geography information system (GIS), the study found that the number of infectious people of dengue fever do not have any positive correlation with larva amount, that was monitored through clean water in the surrounding neighborhood area. The number of infectious people have correlation with the dirty areas that caused by the piling of used articles and inundate area. Gender and age do not have any influence with the number of infectious people
PM10 and Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Furniture Industry Workers
No full textAcute Respiratory Infections (ARI) ranks first among the ten largest diseases in West and East Cilebut, caused by the development of furniture industry. Cross sectional method is used in this study to know the relationship between PM10 and ARI among the whole population of workers in the furniture industry in Cilebut, both in the west and the east of this industry area. The study found concentrations of PM10 50,3 μg/m3 – of 80 μg/m3 with an average of 70,6 μg/m3 in 24 hours of measurement. There were 43 workers who suffered from ARI. The study showed there was a relationship between PM10 concentration, the temperature of the study (p = 0.027), years of service (p = 0.010), use of personal protective equipment (p = 0.001), smoking habits (p = 0.39), and ARI incidences. It is, therefore, necessary to control environmental health and the health of workers periodically through examination of PM10 concentration and through workers’ health checks. In addition, educative information should be disseminated to all parties concerned in order to increase knowledge and the awareness of the impact created by the furniture industry on both the environment and the workers
The Effect of Health Education to Community Knowledge and Aedes aegypti Density in Bayah Subdistrict, Banten Province
No full textDengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a public health problem in Bayah, Banten Province thus, control of mosquitoes breeding sites (CMBS) and health education is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of health education on people’s level of knowledge on CMBS and the density of Ae. aegypti. This study involved 106 villagers from Bayah in August (pretest) and October (postest) 2009. Data was collected through questionnaires, followed by observation of containers available in the house using single larval method and identified microscopically. Data was analyzed using marginal homogeneity test. The result showed, 64.2% and 1.3% villagers had poor and good knowledge on CMBS. This finding was in accordance to their education level and socio-economic status. After education, there were 14% had good and 54% poor knowledge (p = 0,001). Container index (CI) and house index (HI) were 18% and 52% respectively, suggesting high density of Ae. aegypti in that area. Following health education, CI and HI became 16% and 42% which were still above WHO level of indicator; which gave no significant difference in CI (p = 0,523) and HI (p = 0,174). In conclusion, the level of knowledge increased after health education which was not followed by significant decrease in vector density, suggesting Bayah is still categorized as highly transmitted area of DHF
Formulation of Dipyridamole Sustained Release Tablet Using Floating System
No full textDipyridamole is a drug for prevention of postoperative thromboembolic complication of heart valve replacement and long term therapy of angina pectoris will be well absorbed in stomach. To maintain therapeutic plasma concentration in long time and to increase bioavalaibility is needed a sustained release dosage form having the long residence time in the stomach. The objective of this research was to make floating sustained release tablet of dipyridamole conforming to the requirement that was set up by dipyridamol therapeutic concentration. Tablets were made by wet granulation method using aquadest as a liquid binder, HPMC K4M, Ac-di-sol, Avicel PH 102, talk, and Mg stearat. Dissolution assay was carried out using type 2 release tester at rotation speed of 50 rpm in medium 900 mL HCl 0.1 N at 37 ± 0.5 °C for 8 hours. The formulation containing of 50 mg dipirydamole, HPMC K4M (30%), Ac-di-sol (20%), Avicel PH 102 (37%), talk (2%), and Mg stearat (1%) released 59.61 ± 6.73% and 89.34 ± 5.87% of dipyridamole respectively after 4 and 8 hours that conformed to the requirement
The Level of Sensitivity of Food Allergens
No full textIn recent years, the occurrence of allergy continues to increase rapidly both domestically and globally. World Allergy Organization (WAO) revealed that 22% of the world population suffers from allergies, and this number increases every year. Food allergy is a condition caused by the reaction of IgE against substances (chemicals) in food. Food allergy can interfere with brain function and body organ systems as well as affect the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to know the level of sensitivity of food allergens in the Immunology llergy Poly RSCM in 2007. Data were collected from 208 patients who have medical records and went through skin prick tests in the Immunology Allergy Clinic RSCM in 2007. Univariate analysis was performed to describe the types of food allergens within groups of children and adults. Around 49% of the respondents were sensitive to food allergens. The types of foods that caused the most allergies for children and adults are respectively shrimp, egg white and cornstarch. Cow's milk and wheat flour are the types of food that caused most allergies for children only, whereas for adults, the food that caused the most allergies is crab