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EVALUASI PERLAKUAN NITRIDASI GAS TEMPERATUR TINGGI TERHADAP STRUKTUR MIKRO, KEKERASAN DAN KETAHANAN AUS BAJA TAHAN KARAT AUSTENIT 316LVM
Get PDFHigh temperature gas nitriding for austenitic stainless steel 316LVM is successfully done. Specimens are treated at temperature 1323, 1373 and 1573 K for 15 minutes holding time at 0.3 atm nitrogen gas pressures. The effect of nitriding treatments on the hardness, wear resistance and microstructure are evaluated using Buehler microhardness tester, Ogoshi universal wear test machine and light optical microscop respectively. The results shows that hardness, wear resistance and grain size increase with treatments temperature.
Keywords: high temperature gas nitriding, 316LVM, hardness, wear, grain siz
ANALISIS EFISIENSI ENERGI FLOW BATERAI LEAD ACID KEADAAN STATIS DAN DINAMIS
Get PDFCharging-discharging research was conducted on Redox Flow battery (RFB) using Pb as cathode, PbO as anode, and H2SO4 solution as electrolyte. The research was done by using static and dynamic methode. The experimental shows that RFB was succesfully created and show secondary battery characteristic (charge and discharge graph). According to the charge-discharge characteristic for 5 cycles RFB, shows that the RFB capacity is 1800 mAh when RFB on the static mode while RFB in dynamic mode, the capacity is 2900 mAh. Based on the graph, it was found that the energy efficiency of RFB in the static mode is 50,1% and 71,1% for dynamic mode.
Keywords: Charging, discharging, RFB, Energy eficienc
SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO SAMBUNGAN LAS ALUMINIUM 6061 HASIL FRICTION WELDING
Get PDFThe study of the interface mechanical strength of metal alloy friction welded is essential for increasing of the quality of bonding between two materials. In the present study the material is 6061 aluminium alloy and the variation are friction time and chamfer angle. The purpose is to increase the mechanical strength of aluminium 6061 friction welded by combining friction time parameter and chamfer angle. The friction time variations were 60 and 120 second. Whereas the chamfer angles were 0o, 30o, 60o. The joined aluminium then tensile tested, hardness tested and also observed under microscope. The result of mechanical test shows that the variation 30o/120 second give the best result wich the Ultimate Tensile Strength as value as 15.86 N/mm2 and the brinell hardness as value as 92 BHN on Zud areas, 99 BHN on Zpd areas and 91 BHN on Zpl areas. Microstructure observation shows that there were porosity and crack on some testing spesimen
PENGARUH WAKTU PENUAAN TIRUAN TERHADAP KEKERASAN PADUAN Al-10Si-3Cu
Get PDFAl-Si alloy is one of the alloys that are widely used in the industry because it has a good cast and good strength. To increase its mechanical strength Cu alloy can be added which can be covered. Al-10Si-Cu alloy is one of the alloys commonly used in industry, especially the automotive industry because it has excellent mechanical strength. This research is focused on looking at the effect of artificial aging on T6 heat treatment to increase the hardness of Al-10Si-3Cu alloy results from casting. Dilution behavior was carried out at a temperature of 520 oC for 2 hours then quenched in water and then performed artificial aging carried out at 130oC with aging time varying from 5 minutes to 120 hours. Material characterization carried out hardness testing, tensile test, microstructure observation with an optical microscope. The highest hardness was obtained with an 80 hour holding time of 86.05 BHN where CuAl2 precipitates underwent optimum conditions. The most upper tensile strength was collected at 80 hours holding time, namely 335.063 MPa with strain value 1.133%. A low strain value indicates that this condition has begun to overgrow, so embryo has started to occur. Keywords: heat treatment, aluminum, Al-10Si, artificial aging
Keywords: heat treatment, aluminum, Al - 10Si, artificial agin
STUDI NUMERIK EFEK PERBANDINGAN PENAMBAHAN WINGTIP FENCE DAN BLENDED WINGLETTERHADAP PERFORMA AEORODINAMIKA AIRFOIL NACA 23018
Get PDFWinglet is one of the devices in airplane wing that allows wing performances without widening the wingspan. It serves to damp the vortex flow at the ends of the wing where the airflow coincide that produce turbulence. The air loop requires more energy in the plane to make stable in the air, so it definitely wasteful of fuel. Based on the pilot experience, winglet in the plane can save fuel consumption by 7% that is a huge amount of the percentage to travel in a long way. This study conducts numerical simulation using simulation software with turbulent model of k-ε realizable. The free stream of fluid flow is determined as 40 m/s (Re = 5 x 106) with angle of attack (α) = 0o, 5o, 10o and 15o. Airfoil NACA 23018 is used as specimen test applied with or without winglet. Wingtip fence with variations of forward, rearward and blended is designed as the winglet. The results show that adding winglet can reduce the vorticity magnitude in rear wing. Moreover, it can also increase the aerodynamic performances by increasing maximum CL/CD both in forward and rearward wingtip fence and also in blended winglet. The pressure distribution in the winglet model shows gradually increasing in the lower surface compared with plain wing.
Keywords: airflow, wingtip fence, blended winglet, lift force, drag forc
PROTOTYPE ANTENA OMNIDIRECTIONAL MIKROSTRIP PATCH ARRAY SEBAGAI PENGUAT TRANSMITTER RADAR PESAWAT TERBANG PADA FREKUENSI 1030MHZ
Get PDFRadar SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) is an equipment to detect and determine the position and target data around him actively, where the plane took active if it receives the RF signal emitted secondary radar. In this study aims (1) to design a prototype omnidirectional microstrip patches array for applications Radar SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) according to the characteristics of the antenna by using the software High Frequency Structure Simulator version 13 (HFSS v13) that operate at a frequency of 1030-1090 MHz and get characteristics of the antenna such as Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), the radiation pattern and gain (2) Implement the design of antenna omnidirectional microstrip patches array into physical form and measure VSWR, gain and radiation pattern characteristics of the prototype has been created and analyzed the characteristics Between desaian antenna with the prototype antenna that has been made. This research method using the rectangular microstrip patches dimensional array to determine the size of the microstrip antenna array patches and simulated using HFSS v13 software. The results of the analysis parameters pacth microstrip antenna array in HFSS v13 Software demonstrate the value of Ref. AMPL his 40.950739 dB, the analysis results pacth microstrip antenna array using the software HFSS v13 obtained gain value by achieving -29dB, and the results of the analysis, the value of the radiation pattern reaches the radiation pattern of 33.28dBm.
Keywords: SSR, HFSS v13, VSWR, gain, radiation pattern, antenna, microstrip pacth array
INVESTIGASI PERBEDAAN SUHU TUANG TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DENGAN PENGUKURAN KEKERASAN DAN IMPACT PADA PADUAN AL 2024
Get PDFAluminum alloys have high strength to weight ratio, tough enough, resist to fatigue crack propagation, easy to cast, corrosion resistant and recycle. High strength to weight ratio means an efficient, strong and capable of long-lived, economical and environmentally friendly. In the application as a frame structure, mechanical properties are something that must be considered. Therefore, the researchers tried to find the effect of pouring temperature differences in Aluminum 2024 through hardness test and impact test. For the investigation at three different temperatures of 688oC, 738oC, 788oC, the gravity casting method is used to produce a plate-shaped object. The test results showed an increase in hardness, with the highest value of 103.71 BHN at a temperature of 738°C and impact test results with the highest value of 4.9 Joule at temperatures of 738°C.
Keywords: aluminum alloy 2024, foundry, cast temperatur
ANALISIS VARIASI MEDIA PENDINGIN KONDENSOR TERHADAP RASIO PELEPASAN KALOR DAN COEFISIEN OF PERFORMANCE (COP) PADA MESIN PENDINGIN
Get PDFHousehold refrigerating machine (refrigerator) is a household appliance that is widely used in the family in Indonesia. The condenser is one of the essential components of the refrigerator that functions as a heat exchanger which is composed of the equivalent gas-phase refrigerant into a liquid. A crucial element of the condenser to cool the evaporator with the faster is the rate of heat release, coefisien of performance (COP). This research was conducted by varying the experimental cooling medium in the condenser of household refrigerating machine (refrigerator), such as the natural air cooling medium, the addition of fins and additional fan area 14,4 Watt. It aims to improve the coefficient of achievement refrigeration, heat release ratio and cooling rate speed. The results showed a coolant condenser with fan 14.4 W produces the highest COP value, 4,73, and the ratio of the smallest heat release ratio, 1,2. The larger the COP and the smaller pelepasn calorific value, indicating that the machine work better.
Keywords : media pendingin kondensor, rasio pelepasan kalor, COP, mesin pendingi
KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN KOTORAN SAPI DAN LIMBAH PUCUK TEBU (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L) SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU ISIAN SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN BIOGAS
Get PDFBiogas is the result of organic waste fermentation into methane with certain anaerobic microorganisms (air-tight). The purpose of this study is aims to analyze the concentration of a mixture of cow manure and sewage shoots sugar cane based on C/N ratio to produce biogas and to compare the results and identify the best gas production rate. The treatment in this study is using 20, 30 and 40 C/N ratio. The parameters that will be observed is the first time to produce gas, volume of biogas, biogas production rate, ambient temperature and fire flame. Based on this research, biogas optimal results based on 40 C/N ratio that is 40.205,7 ml but it have high CO2 this is proved by the flame test, while the C/N ratio of 30 is 32215 ml and C/N ratio of 20 is 6288 ml. Best biogas production rate is 30 C/N ratio which is on the first day can produce 13.733 ml gas, C/N ratio of 40 is 10.666,67 ml and C/N ratio of 20 is 1.203 ml. Therefore, the more a mixture of sugar cane waste in biogas shoots cow manure, the greater the volume of biogas produced.
Keywords: Biogas, Cow manure, waste shoots sugarcane, C/N rati
STUDI SIMULASI PENGARUH SUDUT DEFLEKTOR PADA SAVONIUS WATER TURBIN DENGAN SUMBU HORIZONTAL TERHADAP POWER GENERATION ALIRAN AIR DALAM PIPA
Get PDFSavonius water turbine is one of the simplest design and low cost production that attracts wide attention. A single stage Savonius water turbine with horizontal axis is applied in a pipe with diameter of 3 inch to give variation in the deflector angle. Deflector is used to focusing the flow so the torque is increased by the blade curvature in the turbine. This simulation uses the SolidWork 2013 software. The aim of this simulation is to obtain the best performance in each deflector angle, then the result is compared with a turbine without deflector. The deflector performance is analyzed by the pressure contour, the torque and the angle of attack. The deflector angle is vary in different angle of 20°, 30°, 40° and 50° with the deflector ratio of 50%. By using debit input of 12,2x10-3 m3/s, the results show that angle deflector of 30° is obtained as the best performance where it produce the pressure contour about 279820,99 Pa, torque of 0,6070 Nm and more stable in angle of attack.
Keywords: picohydro, SolidWork, Savonius, deflector, torqu