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Antioxidant Potential of Organic Fraction of Turi Leaf Extract (Sesbania grandiflora L.) Using DPPH Reagent
No full textBackground: White turi leaf (Sesbania grandiflora) is a plant from the Leguminosae family that isused as traditional medicine. Purpose(s): To determine the antioxidant potential of white turi leafextract (Sesbania grandiflora L) using DPPH reagent. Methods: White turi leaves (S. grandiflora)were extracted using maceration technique with ethanol the solvent. The ethanol extract wasfractionated using a liquid-liquid extraction using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. In addition,phytochemical screening was also carried out on secundary metabolite compounds contained in theethanol extract, it’s organic fractions. Results: Ethanol extract obtained as much as 160 g (16%).Fractionation of 10 grams of ethanol extract obtained n-hexane fraction 2.9 g (29%); ethyl acetatefraction 0.8 g (8%); and ethanol fraction 6.1 g (61%). Phytochemical screening showed that theethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction contained flavonoids, saponins, and tannins; the ethanolfraction contains terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins; while the n-hexane fraction containstannin compounds. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanolfraction were tested using the DPPH radical scavenging method. The antioxidant activity assayshowed that the SC50 values of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and ethanol fraction were234.7; 66,244, and 106.755 ppm, vitamin C as a positif control with SC50 3,006 ppm. Conclusion:white turi leaf extract (S. grandiflora) has antioxidant activity less than 22-78 times than controlpositif, so it is not potential as an antioxidant.
Correlation between Chest Radiograph and Lung Ultrasound with Clinical Appearance in Hyaline Membrane Disease Patients
No full textABSTRACT Background: Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is a respiratory distress disease in premature infants due to surfactant deficiency. The combination of clinical, laboratory and radiological features makes it easy to quickly, precisely & accurately establish HMD which is important for early therapy in preventing death. Purpose: Knowing the suitability between chest X-ray & Thorax ultrasound with the clinical picture in HMD patients. Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross sectional method conducted in the radiology & NICU section of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar from August 2021 to January 2022. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling. The researcher performed a thorax ultrasound & assessed the chest x-ray. The results were verified by two pediatric radiology consultants. Results: The largest sample was in neonates at 34 weeks of gestation, 8 samples (21.1%), sex with 25 samples (65.8%), the highest birth weight between 1000-2000 grams 32 samples (84.2%) , the most preterm etiology was due to severe preeclampsia in 13 samples (34.2%), the most deliveries were by cesarean section 34 samples (89.4%), the highest APGAR Score was in moderate degree 25 samples (65.8%), the highest O2 saturation was between 90 -94%, namely 24 samples (63.2%), the most down scores were moderate degrees 15 samples (39.5%), HMD degrees based on chest radiographs were mostly grade II 25 samples (65.8%), HMD degrees based on thorax ultrasound the most in the moderate degree 19 samples (50%).Conclusion: Ultrasound is considered as the radiological modality of choice because it is safe, inexpensive, easy & sensitive to assess respiratory distress in neonates but is influenced by the operator's ability to apply it.Keywords: hyaline membrane disease, down score, chest radiograph, lung ultrasoun
Drug Management Quality During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Inpatient Health Centers in Kendari City
No full textBackground: WHO has declared Covid-19 a global pandemic after the infection case reached more than 121,000 cases. Puskesmas is the primary service closest to the community, so it has a significant role in dealing with COVID-19. The quality of health services at Puskesmas was influenced by drug management. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes in health services at Puskesmas. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of drug management at Puskesmas during the Covid-19 pandemic. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of drug management during the COVID-19 pandemic in all inpatient Puskesmas in Kendari City. Methods: This research was descriptive non-experimental, with retrospective data collection in all inpatient Puskesmas in Kendari City during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research subjects were indicators used by Satibi, and research objects include drug stock cards, LPLPO, RKO, and several other documents. The instruments used were observation sheets and interview guides. Results: All puskesmas were still active in proposing drugs to Fornas. The percentage of compliance of available drug items with Fornas, planning accuracy, conformity of requests, and the suitability of receipts was not up to standard. Storage according to dosage form, temperature, LASA, and FEFO were per standards, distribution accuracy, empty stock, insufficient stock, safe stock, the excess stock was not meet standards, and there were expired or damaged drugs. The suitability of the physical amount of the drug met the standard, but there were no inpatient health centers that conducted periodic drug management evaluations during 2020. Conclusion: The quality of drug management during the COVID-19 pandemic in all inpatient Puskesmas in Kendari City had not fully met the standards that have been set
The Relationship Between Nutritional Status with Post Dural Puncture Headache Incident in Sectio Caesarea Patients with Spinal Anesthesi
No full textBackground: Post dural puncture headache (PDPH) is one of the most common complications of spinal anesthesia caused by leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSS) after anesthesia procedures. One of the factors that influence the incidence of PDPH is nutrional status where obese patients tend not to experience PDPH. This is based on an increase intraabdominal pressure in obese patients which can reduce CSF leakage in the epidural space. Purpose: Purpose of this study to determine whether there was a relationship between nutritional status and post dural puncture headache incident in sectio caesarea patients with spinal anesthesia at Aliyah 2 Hospital. Methods: This study used an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach carried out at Aliyah 2 Hospital. The number of samples in this study was 51 people who were taken using total sampling technique. Data collection was obtained from medical records and filling out observation sheets for post-sectio caesarea patients with spinal anesthesia and then analyzed using the Fisher’s Exact Test. The dependent variable in this study was PDPH and the independent variables was the nutrional status. Result: This study showed that nutritional status (p = 0.007) had a significant relationship with the incidence of PDPH at Aliyah Hospital 2. Conclusion: From this study it could be concluded that the incidence of PDPH after spinal anasthesia is higher in patients with low BMI.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPLETENESS OF BASIC IMMUNIZATION SERIES AMONG TODDLERS IN KOTA AND JAMBULA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTERS IN TERNATE
No full textBackground: Immunization is the process of developing immunity towards against infectious diseases through vaccination. In 2019, the highest and lowest complete basic immunization coverage were achieved in Jambula (100%) and Kota (89%) public health centers, respectively. Maternal characteristics are considered to play role in basic immunization coverage among toddlers. Purpose: To identify the association between maternal characteristics and completeness of basic immunization among toddlers in the Kota and Jambula public health centers, Ternate. Method: Using purposive sampling, this analytical observational study was conducted in the Kota and Jambula public health centers, Ternate, in 2021. Results: From 192 samples, statistically significant associations were identified between maternal education, knowledge, and attitudes, with the completeness of basic immunizations (p<0,05). No significant associations were detected with maternal age and maternal work. Conclusions: Maternal education, knowledge, and attitudes may affect the completeness of basic immunizations among toddlers. The need for sound programs and parental education regarding complete basic immunizations among toddlers might be crucial.Keywords: immunization, maternal characteristics, Kota Public Health Center, Jambula Public Health Cente
The Activity of Notika Leaves (Archboldiodendron calosericeum KOBUSKI) Against Tumors Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-) Levels in Rats
No full textInflammation is a response process to tissue injury and infection. The inflammatory response causes the release of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α which are the main cytokines in the acute inflammatory response. Plants that have the potential to be anti-inflammatory are notika leaves (Archboldiodendron calosericeum KOBUSKI). This research was conducted to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol extract of notika leaves against the levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-a) in wistar mice. This study used a post test only control group design. Using 5 treatment groups, namely positive control (diclofenac sodium), negative control (NaCMC 0.5%), 100 mg/kgBW extract test group, 200 mg/kgBW extract group and 300 mg/kgBW extract group. In vivo tests were carried out by induction of inflammatory substances, administering preparations and measuring TNF-α levels using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. The results showed that the mean levels of TNF-α in the positive control group (0.475 ng/L), negative control (0.816 ng/L), extract dose 100 mg/kgBW (0.67 ng/L), extract dose 200 mg/kgBW (0.7285 ng/L) and extract dosage of 300 mg/kgBW (0.7785 ng/L). The conclusion obtained is that the ethanol extract of notika leaves has anti-inflammatory activity against the levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-a) in Wistar rats based on the reduction in levels with negative control and the best dose was 100 mg/kgBW
Validity of SQ-FFQ with FR 24 hour for measuring macro nutrient and total flavonoid dietary intake in reproductive age women with obesity
No full textBackground: Obesity has become a global epidemic with a threefold increase in cases since 1975. Dietary restriction that contains high calories, fat and also dietary interventions with natural bioactive foods such as flavonoids can prevent obesity. Assessment of intake for dietary regulation can use the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and 24-hour Food Recall (FR) method Purposes: This study aimed to determine the average intake of macronutrients and total flavonoids using the SQ-FFQ and FR 24 Hr methods in women of childbearing age (WUS) with obesity and to knew the differences and correlations between the methods. Methods: a cross-sectional design was carried out from May to June 2021 in Kendari City. Samples were obtained through the purposive sampling technique as many as 30 WUS aged 18-49 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2. Data were collected through interviews to obtain information on macronutrient intake and total flavonoids using the SQ-FFQ and 24-hour FR questionnaire instruments. Anthropometric data was performed to assess nutritional status. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program through different tests and correlation tests. Results: The mean intake of macronutrients (energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates) and total flavonoids using the SQ-FFQ method was higher than the 24-hour FR method. The different tests of the intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates, and total flavonoids using the SQ-FFQ method was significantly different from the 24-hour FR method (p<0.001). Fat intake was not significantly different between the two methods (p=0,267). The intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, and total flavonoids correlated by the two methods (p<0.05) with a correlation coefficient (r) of energy intake = 0.538, protein = 0.556, fat = 0.395, carbohydrates 0.665, and total flavonoids = 0.723. Conclusion: We conclude that The SQ-FFQ method is a valid tool to measure the intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat and total flavonoids in obese women in women with obesity in the city of Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Characteristic Test and Antihyperuricemia Activity of Ethanol Extract Stem of Etlingera rubroloba A.D Poulsen In vitro
No full textBackground: Etlingera rubroloba (E. rubroloba) A.D Poulsen is one of the endemic plants of Southeast Sulawesi, which has the largest species in the world. Local people widely use this plant as traditional medicine. Many of these plant species have been previously reported as antioxidants, antibacterials, and others. However, for E. rubroloba, there are still very few reports from a pharmacological aspect, especially anthiperuricemia. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the characteristics and activity of the ethanol extract of the stem of E. rubroloba A.D Poulsen in vitro. Methods: The stems of E. rubroloba A.D Poulsen were extracted with ethanol solvent by maceration, then the filtrate obtained was evaporated using an evaporator to get an ethanol extract. Furthermore, the extract characterization test was carried out, including water content, ash content, water-soluble extract content, and ethanol-soluble extract content. Then the antihyperuricemia activity test in vitro using the Xanthine Oxidase (XO) kit. Results: The results of the characteristic test showed that the ethanolic extract of E. rubroloba contained 5.15% water content, 5.485% ash content, 55.2% water-soluble extract content, and 56.52% ethanol-soluble extract content. Furthermore, the antihyperuricemic activity of the ethanol extract of E. rubroloba was IC50 48.59 ± 0.03 g/mL and Allopurinol 42.21 ± 0.02 g/mL as positive controls. Conclusion: E. rubroloba stem ethanol extract has characterization results according to the literature, has antihyperuricemia activity, and is a reference for the development of traditional drug
Factors Related to Nutritional Status of Toddlers in the Working Area of Soropia Health Center, Konawe Regency in 2021
No full textABSTRACTBackground: Nutritional status is a state of health related to the use of food by the body. As a result of poor nutritional status during infancy, it can cause stunted growth, cause toddlers to be lazy to carry out activities related to energy production, disruption of the toddler's immune system so that they are susceptible to infectious diseases, inhibition of optimal brain growth, and changes in behavior such as apathy. Purposes: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parental income, and eating patterns in children under five with the occurrence of malnutrition in children under five in the working area of Soropia Health Center. Methods: This research was a quantitative research that is observational analytic with a Cross Sectional Study approach. The number of samples were 50 toddler with a sampling technique using total sampling and for analysis using the Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between parental income (p=0.048) and eating patterns (p=0.000) with the nutritional status of children under five in the Soropia Health Center area in 2021. Conclusion:it was found that there was a relationship between parents' income and diet. on the nutritional status of children.Keywords: Toddler, nutritional status, parents' income, die
Correlation of Climate Factors, Population Density, and Larva Free Rate (ABJ) on the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Kendari City Period 2012-2021
No full textBackground: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that is endemic in most tropical areas in the world and around 3.5 billion people live in areas where dengue is endemic. A large number of individuals residing in a certain area will facilitate the spread of dengue disease and accelerate the transmission of dengue virus from vectors. Climate is very important for the survival of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito because mosquito breeding sites will increase along with climate change. ABJ shows the density of larvae in an area. Purpose(s): This study aimed to determine the correlation of climate factors, population density, and larva free rate (ABJ) to the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Kendari City in 2012–2021. Methods: This research method was a cross sectional design and Spearman rank correlation analysis using SPSS application. The data used are secondary data in the form of data on rainfall, humidity, temperature, population density, and the incidence of DHF in a period of 10 years (2012-2021) and ABJ in a period 2016 - 2020. Results: The results of this study indicated that the rainfall variable (p value = 0,000, r = 0,416) and the humidity variable (p value = 0,000, r = 0,446) have a sufficient and unidirectional correlation coefficient to the incidence of DHF in Kendari City in 2012-2021, ABJ variable (p value = 0,014, r = -0,949) has a very strong and non-unidirectional correlation coefficient on the incidence of DHF in Kendari City in 2016-2020, and there is no correlation between the temperature variable (p value = 0,087) and the variable population density (p value = 0,651) with the incidence of DHF in Kendari City in 2012-2021. Conclusion: There was a correlation between rainfall and humidity variables on the incidence of DHF in Kendari City in 2012-2021, there was a correlation between the ABJ variable and the incidence of DHF in Kendari City in 2016-2020, and there wasn’t a correlation between temperature variable and population density variable on the incidence of DHF in Kendari City in 2012-2021