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STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS KARANG KERAS (BANGSA SCLERACTINIA) DI PULAU YANG BERADA DI DALAM DAN DI LUAR KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL KEPULAUAN SERIBU
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Kepulauan Seribu merupakan wilayah barat Indonesia yang peruntukannya berubah, awalnya untuk pemukiman, perikanan dan pertambangan, saat ini diperuntukan untuk konservasi dan pariwisata. Hal ini diduga mempengaruhi struktur komunitas karang keras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas karang keras (Bangsa Scleractinia), di dalam dan luar kawasan Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan desain survei di dua zona. Pengambilan data dengan metode Underwater Photo Transect (UPT), dan pengolahan data foto menggunakan aplikasi CPCe. Data dianalisis secara kuantitatif. Analisis kuantitatif meliputi persentase tutupan, keanekaragaman, kemerataan dan dominansi. Hasil persentase tutupan karang keras yang didapat tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan di kedua zona. Persentase tertinggi berada pada Stasiun V (Pulau Karang beras) dan terendah pada Stasiun VI (Pulau Sekati). Keanekaragaman diseluruh stasiun berada dalam kategori sedang. Kemerataan marga karang keras diseluruh stasiun berada dalam kategori sedang hingga tinggi. Terdapat dominansi pada Stasiun I (Pulau Kotok besar) dan V (Pulau Karang beras) oleh marga Porites.
Kata kunci : Karang keras, Kepulauan Seribu, Struktur komunitas
 
KONDISI, KEANEKARGAMAN DAN BENTUK PERTUMBUHAN KARANG DI PULAU KAYU ANGIN GENTENG, KEPULAUAN SERIBU
Get PDFResearch on coral reefs in Pulau Kayu Angin Genteng, Kepulauan Seribu, which was conducted several years ago, obtained the condition of coral reefs and the diversity was medium. Therefore, this study aims to determine the condition of coral reefs, diversity, and the composition of the latest corals that exist in the Kayu Angin Genteng Island. This research was conducted in February - March 2017. The method used descriptive and data retrieval technique with Underwater Photo Transect (UPT). The number of stations consists of 4 locations based on the direction of the wind (North, East, South and West). Each station made of 30 m long transects placed at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 m depth. In addition, environmental parameters measurements include temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, pH, light penetration and current velocity. Analysis of photo data using CPCe application. The results indicated that the condition of coral reefs in Kayu Angin Genteng Island belongs to enough category and the condition of water quality still supports coral life. The diversity index is included in the medium category. There are 11 growth forms, 17 family and 48 coral genus, based on the highest growth form composition represented by Acropora
VARIASI POLA VOKALISASI PADA TAKSONOMI ANAK JENIS ELANG-ULAR (Spilornis cheela) DI PKEK, GARUT, JAWA BARAT
Get PDFCrested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela) is a bird of prey with distinctive of uniue vocal. Based on several studies mentioned that there are differences in vocalization at the level of subspecies and is often used to study the role vocalization defining the subspecies in taxonomy. This research aimed to determine the role variation of vocalization pattern in taxonomy on subspecies eagle. The research was conducted from May to September 2017 at Kamojang Eagle Conservation Center. The method used is descriptive method with continuous sampling technique. The samples was an adult eagle from three subspecies serpent eagle. The location of observation determined by purposive sampling with the provisions listening post is less than 5 meters until 30 meters. The data is collected at 7 am to 5 pm. Data were analyzed using sound analysis software. The data taken are fundamental frequency, maximum frequency (MinF), minimum frequency (MinF) and duration. Differences between subspecies were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U statistical test with SPSS 17.0. The result of the research is The vocalizations can be utilized in the subspecies eagle taxonomy of the species to complement the morphological data, marked by significantly different results on each parameter of vocalization between (Spilornis cheela malayensis) and (Spilornis cheela natunensis). MaxF significantly different in (Spilornis cheela malayensis) and (Spilornis cheela bido), (Spilornis cheela natunensis) and (Spilornis cheela bido)
ISOLASI DAN UJI PATOGENITAS KAPANG PERUSAK PADA APEL MALANG (Malus sylvestris Mill.) PASCA PANEN
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menguji patogenitas kapang perusak pada buah apel bergejala busuk. Sampel buah apel busuk berasal dari Pasar Perumnas, Klender, Jakarta Timur. Isolasi dilakukan dengan teknik tanam langsung yang sebelumnya dilakukan proses sterilisasi permukaan kemudian ditanam di media PDA. Uji patogenitas berdasarkan Postulat Koch dengan cara kapang-kapang hasil isolasi diinfeksikan ke buah apel segar. Hasil isolasi sebanyak 18 isolat kapang berhasil diisolasi dari buah apel bergejala busuk. Isolat kapang yang diperoleh memiliki koloni yang berbeda yaitu, koloni bersporulasi hijau granul, koloni bersporulasi koloni hitam granul, koloni bersporulasi abu-abu, dan koloni bermiselium abu-abu. Isolat dengan kode A1 dengan ciri memiliki sporulasi hitam merupakan isolat kapang paling perusak buah apel. Hal ini diketahui berdasarkan uji patogenitas yaitu nilai Keterjadian Penyakit (KP) sebesar 100% dan Keparahan Penyakit (KeP) sebesar 50%.
Kata kunci: buah busuk, kapang pembusuk, Postulat koc
MULTIPLICATION AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF BANANA VARIANT CV. AMPYANG (Musa acuminata, AAA) PUTATIVE RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM WILT
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Plants resistance to Fusarium wilt can be developed by mutation breeding and in vitro selection techniques. The objectives of this research were to evaluated growth and development of banana plantlets cv. Ampyang (Musa acuminata, AAA) resistance to Fusarium wilt. The plant material used in this study was 9 (nine) code clones banana cv. Ampyang result from mutations induced by gamma irradiation (30, 45, and 50 Gy) and in vitro - in vivo selection, a collection of Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory Department of Biology UNJ. Plantlets multiplied for four months on Murashige and Skoog supplemented with2.25 mgL-1 Benzyl amino purine and 0.22 mgL-1 Thydiazuron and 0.175 mgL-1 Indole 3 acetyc-acid . Acclimatization and evaluation of plantlet growth and development in a greenhouse showed that percentage of survival rate of plantlet were ranging from 42.9 – 100%. There was phenotypic variation among those plantlet investigated in quantitative and qualitative character. Plantlet regenerated from clone A regenerated from gamma irradiation 30 Gy and after in vitro selection of Foc from isolate Medan showed significantly the highest number of leave and fresh weight. The less number of roots length and other phenotypic character were produced from clone B, D and F. All of the regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred into soil and they would be used to evaluate the existence of variants in a greenhouse.
Keywords: phenotypic variation, induce mutation and in vitro selection, shoot multiplication, Foc isolates from Meda
STUDI EKOLOGI HABITAT, TEKNIK PERBANYAKAN DAN PENGOLEKSIAN DALAM RANGKA KONSERVASI EX-SITU ANDALIMAN (Zanthoxyllum acanthopodium DC.)
Get PDFAndaliman (Zanthoxyllum acanthopodium DC.) terkenal sebagai bumbu masak khas masyarakat suku Batak, Sumatera Utara. Tanaman ini tersebar alami di Indonesia hanya di bagian utara pulau Sumatera yaitu Aceh dan Sumatera Utara. Andaliman merupakan tanaman bernilai penting baik secara ekonomi, budaya, dan konservasi di Tapanuli Utara dan kawasan sekitar Danau Toba, Sumatera Utara. Tanaman ini dikenal sebagai tanaman yang sulit diperbanyak. Studi ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menginventarisasi sebaran Andaliman di kawasan alaminya dan kawasan pertanian di wilayah sekitar Danau Toba; (2) melakukan studi ekologi habitat Andaliman, termasuk data keragaman jenis pada soil seedbank pada habitat Andaliman; dan (3) mengumpulkan informasi teknik perbanyakan Andaliman dari petani Andaliman di kawasan sekitar Danau Toba. Studi sampling inventarisasi dilakukan di lima kabupaten di sekitar Danau Toba: Kabupaten Samosir, Kabupaten Tobasa (Toba-Samosir), Kabupaten Simalungun, Kabupaten Dairi, dan Kabupaten Kabanjahe. Andaliman secara umum di lima kabupaten ini ditemukan di ketinggian lebih dari 1000 m dpl, kawasan lereng dengan kemiringan relatif tinggi, tidak langsung terkena cahaya matahari dan atau terkena matahari langsung pada sebagian waktu. Sampel soil seed bank dari habitat Andaliman banyak mengandung biji dari Compositae, Melastomataceae, Lamiaceae, Solanaceae, dan Cannabaceae. Petani Andaliman di wilayah sekitar Danau Toba melakukan setidaknya tiga pendekatan untuk memperbanyak Andaliman. Pertama, Andaliman ditumbuhkan dengan cara membakar ladang atau lahan yang terdapat biji Andaliman yang sudah direndam air hangat sebelumnya. Pembakaran ladang/lahan akan memecah dormansi biji Andaliman. Kedua, Andaliman dibiarkan tumbuh alami setelah lahan dibersihkan untuk merangsang pertumbuhan soil seed bank Andaliman di tempat tersebut. Ketiga, Andaliman diperbanyak secara vegetatif dengan metode stek pucuk
PERBANDINGAN PERILAKU HARIAN JANTAN DAN BETINA BURUNG ELANG BONDOL (Haliastur indus Boddaert, 1783) DI TAMAN MARGASATWA RAGUNAN JAKARTA
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Brahminy Kite (Haliastur indus) is included in protected wild species list. Concervation is an alternative way to save this species from being extinct. The objective of this research was to find out the comparison of daily behaviour between male and female Brahminy Kite at Ragunan Zoo- Jakarta such as three activities. These behaviours were motionless, movement and ingestive. The descriptive method was used in this study, by direct observation to the behaviour of individual bird. The focal animal sampling was used as a method for recording behaviour, which means observing one individual for a specified amount of frequence and recording all instance of its behaviour. The observation was carried out on 2 birds with sex male and female. Each individual’s bird was observed each day from 06.00 to 18.00. Data analysis used descriptive analysis and nonparametric statistics analysis with U Mann-Whitney Test. The result of this analysis indicated if there were comparison of motionless behaviour and movement behaviour between male and female Brahminy Kite, where testing criteria Eject H , density is 0.00 < α, level was significance but there was not comparison of ingestive behaviour between male and female Brahminy Kite. Density is 0.38 > α,level was insignificant
Keyword : the comparison, daily behaviour, Brahminy Kite, Ragunan zo
KAJIAN KESEJAHTERAAN HARIMAU SUMATERA PADA KONSERVASI EX-SITU DI TAMAN MARGASATWA RAGUNAN DAN TAMAN MARGASATWA BANDUNG
Get PDFA zoo is one of an ex-situ conservation activity whice aimed to conserve plants and wildlife animal an endangered position, for example; the Panthera tigris sumatrae population are decrease. The zoo were succeed to captivate an animal only if they can adopt their normal life into that place. The aim of this research was to study the animal welfare from Sumatran tiger in two different places; Bandung zoo and Ragunan zoo. This research has been conducted in Desember – February 2017. The research method that are used in this study were interviewed and filling draft animal welfare from Indonesian Ministry of Forest No.P.9/VI-SET/2011. The Result of this research were 77% point for Ragunan zoo and 60% point for Bandung zoo which different mean both of that place. Filling draft animal welfare consist beside five freedom of animal welfare; 1). Freedom from hunger and thirst, 2). Freedom from discomfort, 3). Freedom from injury, paint, and disease, 4). Freedom to express natural behavior, 5). Freedom from fear and distress. The conclusion of this research were Ragunan zoo was better than Bandung zoo to applied animal welfare rules
IDENTIFIKASI FRAGMEN DNA MIOGLOBIN SEPANJANG 114PB PADA BEBERAPA JENIS HEWAN LAUT YANG MAMPU HIDUP PADA ZONA MINIMUM OKSIGEN
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Myoglobin is a hemoprotein that contributes to intracellular oxygen storage and facilitates diffusion oxygen into mitochondria. Myoglobin production will increase as low levels of environmental oxygen called hypoxia. When oxygen in tissue is low, the body will respond by forming myoglobin in some tissues, such as muscle tissue. The aims of this study was to detect DNA fragments of myoglobin along 114pb in muscle tissue of marine animals are capable to live in the oxygen minimum zone, such as the green turtle, mackerel tuna and hammerhead sharks. The oxygen minimum zone is zone of oceans which have low dissolved oxygen levels at > 1,4μLO2L-1, the oxygen levels can be categorized as hypoxic conditions. This study was conducted in the Biochemistry laboratory, State University of Jakarta. This study used descriptive method by PCR and electrophoresis. The results indicated that myoglobin found in muscles of marine animals were capable live in oxygen minimum zone such as the green turtle, mackerel tuna and hammerhead shark. This information can be used as the basic that the tissue able to make adaptation strategy towards low oxygen environmental levels by increasing formation of myoglobin in muscle tissue.
Kata kunci: Myoglobin DNA, Green Turtle, Mackerel Tuna and Hammerhead Shark
RESPON AKTIVITAS TIKUS WISTAR JANTAN AKIBAT KONDISI DIET TINGGI SUKROSA DIUKUR MENGGUNAKAN PEREKAM AKTIVITAS: Activities Response Measurement on Male Wistar Rats With High Sucrose Diet Using Activity monitoring device
Get PDFExcessive energi consumption play a role in increasing blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), due to the inability of the hormone insulin to compensate the high blood glucose levels. Blood glucose receptor found in the hypothalamus of VMH (Ventro Medial Hypothalamus) and LH (the Lateral Hypothalamus) is able to detect and change the settings for the feeding activity. The aim of this study was to obtain the relationship between high sucrose feeding on male Wistar rats of behavior and activity. This method uses Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as an animal model. Sixteen rats were grouped into 4 treatment groups. The first group was given additional feed 20% sucrose, the second group was given additional feed 40% sucrose, a third group was given additional feed 60% sucrose, and the last as a control group. This feed given continuously for 70 days.Observation of activities conducted using Opto-varimex® auto-track system ver.4.31. The results showed an corellation between activity based doses of sucrose