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ANALISIS KONTRIBUSI PRODUKSI BUAH LOKAL MALUKU UTARA SEBAGAI INANG ALTERNATIF CHRYSOMPHALUS AONIDUM
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Chrysomphalus aonidum is an important pest in fruits. Maluku Utara is a free area of ​​C. aonidum so that any entry of fruit from outside the area must be accompanied by a phytosanitary certificate from the area of ​​origin. Local fruit products have a potential to develop as export commodities, given their large numbers and variety. Problems arised when the larger volumes of fruits imports without going through quarantine measured on fruit products contaminated with pests and diseases can attack Indonesian local fruit commodities. The research was aimed to study the contribution of local fruit production to national production and its potential as an alternative host of C. aonidum. The study was used Trend Model Time Series and Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to discuss the changes of agricultural commodity. The results showed that bananas, melons and oranges have the potential to be the main hosts of C. aonidum while the nutmeg and cacao commodities are alternative hosts. Concentrated local fruit cultivation in a particular area has a greater impact on handling if attacked by C.aonidum than scattered cultivation
KEANEKARAGAMAN CAPUNG (ODONATA) DI SEKITAR KAWASAN CAGAR BIOSFER GIAM SIAK KECIL- BUKIT BATU RIAU
Get PDFCapung berperanan sebagai indikator kualitas air yang bersih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman capung di GSKBB Riau. Penelitian dilakukan tanggal 5- 11 Mei 2018. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode scan sampling menggunakan jaring serangga dan kamera. Penelitian dilakukan pada tiga lokasi. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan di zona inti 3 famili, 15 spesies, dan 48 individu, di HTI ditemukan 1 famili, 4 spesies dan 19 individu, di transisi 2 famili, 8 spesies, dan 31 individu. Nilai kesamaan komposisi capung,antar lokasi tidak terdapat kesamaan spesies. Indeks keanekaragaman di zona inti, dan transisi tergolong sedang, sedangkan dilokasi HTI tergolong rendah. Indeks kemerataan di zona inti, HTI, dan transisi tergolong tinggi. Capung Orthetrum Sabina ditemukan di zona inti, dan HTI dengan jumlah individu tertinggi, sedangkan di transisi ditemukan pada spesies Rhyothermis Phyllis. Berdasarkan indeks nilai penting (INP) yang tinggi pada ketiga lokasi, ditemukan pada spesies Orthetrum Sabina. Faktor abiotik pada tiga lokasi hampir sama, kecuali kecerahan , lebih tinggi di hutan sekunder, dari pada HTI, dan Transisi.
 
PENGARUH INOKULASI RHIZOBIUM TERHADAP PENYERAPAN Cu DAN PERTUMBUHAN KACANG TANAH ( Arachis hypogaea L.)
Get PDFPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Cu terhadap pertumbuhan kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) yang diinokulasikan dengan rhizobium. Distribusi Cu di organ tanaman juga dianalisa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial, masing masing kombinasi perlakuan dengan 6 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi /dosis CuSO4 yaitu aplikasi A0 : CuSO4 0 mg/3 kg tanah, A1 : CuSO4 60 mg/30 kg tanah, A2 : CuSO4 90 mg/30 kg tanah, A3 : CuSO4 120 mg/3 kg tanah. Faktor yang kedua yaitu B0 : tanpa inokulasi legin . B1: Inokulasi legin (10 g/kg benih) ,B2 :Inokulasi legin (20 g/kg benih). Parameter pengamatan antara lain kadar Cu pada organ tanaman (batang, akar dan daun), kadar Cu pada biji kacang tanah, berat bintil akar dan pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah. Data hasil pengamatan dan pengukuran akan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan diuji lanjut dengan DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) taraf kepercayaan 95 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian rhizobium yang dikombinasikan Cu memberi pengaruh yang nyata terhadap parameter pertumbuhan. Dalam jumlah sedikit (60 mg CuSO4/30 kg tanah) mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman, tetapi dalam jumlah berlebih menurunkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Cu didistribusikan kesemua organ tanaman termasuk biji. inokulasi legin secara signifikan mengurangi pengaruh hambatan pertumbuhan dan mengabsorpsi kelebihan Cu.tingginya konsentrasi Cu di rhizosfer mengurangi jumlah nodul yang terbentuk. Hasil juga memperlihatkan akumulasi Cu di akar.
 
Physialis peruviana: BAHAN PANGAN DAN BIOAKTIVITASNYA
Get PDFPhysialis peruviana by the Indonesian local community call is ciplukan, which originate from Colombia and Mexico. Local communities in Indonesia use of P. peruviana as fruit and traditional medicine, so its needs studies to explain nutritional value and bioactivity. This article was written based on a study of scientific articles published online or off line. Physialis peruviana is a source of potassium, provitamin A, vitamin C, iron, and several vitamin B-complexes. In traditional medicine, the P. Peruviana is used to cure chickenpox, anti-hypertension, cancer, leukemia, hepatitis, rheumatism, antispasmodics, diuretics, antiseptics, sedatives, and analgesics. Based on the biessay, the P. peruvina has activity as anti diabetes mellitus, antioxidant, anti cancer, and anti bacterial. Compounds of 4b-Hydroxywithanolide (4bHWE), withanolides, and physangulidines A-C from P. peruviana is compounds that have the activity of inhibiting cancer cell growth through apostosis
STRUKTUR VEGETASI RIPARIAN SUNGAI PESANGGRAHAN KELURAHAN LEBAK BULUS JAKARTA SELATAN
Get PDFVegetasi riparian memiliki banyak peran penting, namun keberadaanya semakin berkurang akibat alih fungsi lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan struktur vegetasi riparian antara daerah binaan (Sangga Buana), daerah pemukiman dan daerah kebun campuran. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Lebak Bulus, Jakarta Selatan, dari Maret 2011 sampai dengan September 2011. Sebanyak 12 plot digunakan untuk melihat struktur vegetasi riparian. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan teknik stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 81 spesies dari 39 famili. Nilai Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi di daerah kebun campuran adalah Gigantochloa apus (91,3%), di daerah perumahan adalah Pinus merkusii (61,8%), dan di daerah binaan adalah Gigantochloa apus (98,2%). Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) menunjukkan sedang di daerah perumahan (H’=2,9), dan tinggi di daerah kebun campuran dan daerah binaan (H’=3,4). Nilai Indeks Kemerataan Jenis (E’) menunjukkan nilai sedang (0,6) di ketiga lokasi. Nilai Indeks Kesamaan Komunitas Sorensen menunjukkan rendah di daerah kebun campuran-perumahan (0,48) dan di daerah kebun campuran-binaan (0,39), namun nilainya agak tinggi di daerah perumahan-binaan (0,51). Profil vegetasi riparian ideal meiliki 3 zona. Hanya daerah binaan Sangga Buana yang memiliki zona ideal dengan lebar riparian mencapai100- 200 m. Daerah binaan memiliki jumlah spesies pohon terbanyak (21 jenis) dibanding kedua daerah penelitian lainnya (daerah perumahan 15 jenis dan daerah kebun campuran 13 jenis). Daerah binaan merupakan daerah riparian yang dapat dijadikan model untuk daerah konservasi riparian sungai dari segi lebar riparian dan spesies tumbuhannya.
 
AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR ALFA GLUKOSIDASE DARI AKTINOMISET ASAL PHYLLOPLANE KELOR (Moringa oleifera)
Get PDFThe exploration of alternative natural products is one of the important focus for researcher. Microbes are still the best source for searching the bioactive compounds. Actinomycetes are Gram Positive bacteria which have been known able to produce various of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobials and enzyme inhibitors. The aims of this study were to isolate Actinomycetes from Moringa oleifera phyllosphere also evaluate the antimicrobial and alpha glucosidase inhibitor activities. The result of molecular 16s rRNA gene identification showed FKU 1 isolate had closest related to Nocardia rhamnosiphila. FKU 1 isolate had antimicrobial activities against E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, K. pneumonia ESBL, dan Vibrio sp. in vitro. FKU 1 also had alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity of 7.50 ± 1.59% at 0.01 µg mL-1 extract concentrations of compared to acarbose (control) of 8.41 ± 0.43%
TOTAL KAROTENOID IKAN SUMATRA ALBINO (Puntius tetrazona) YANG DIBERI PAKAN TAMBAHAN TEPUNG KEPALA UDANG
Get PDFABSTRACTAlbino tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona) is a freshwater ornamental fish that has a attractive colors. Carotenoid sources should be added in the diet because fish can not synthesis carotenoids in their bodies. One source of natural carotenoids (astaxantin and cantaxantin) is shrimp head meal, whose use has not been studied in albino tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona). The research was conducted from December 2016 until April 2017, at the Balai Riset Budidaya Ikan Hias (BRBIH) Depok. The method used in this research is an experimental method, with Completely Randomized Design (RAL). The treatment in this research is TKU supplemental feeding (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%). The data taken are total carotenoid, were analyzed using One Way ANAVA at 95% confidence level and continued with Duncan test at α <0,05 with SPSS 17.0 program. The result of the research is the addition of the best TKU by 30% to improve the color quality, total carotenoids, and growth of albino tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona). The highest increase in total carotenoids at the fins of 13.54 ± 0.24 ppm and on the skin was 7.54 ± 0.11 ppm. Keyword: Shrimp Head Meal, Carotenoid, Feed, Color Quality, Puntius tetrazona
VALIDASI QTL DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK PERBAIKAN SIFAT TOLERAN KERACUNAN Al PADA PADI (Oryza sativa L.)
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Membuka lahan pertanian baru pada lahan marginal yang merupakan tanah asam adalah salah satu solusi dalam peningkatan produksi beras. Kendala yang dihadapi pada solusi tersebut adalah tanah asam mengandung alumunium terlarut yang dapat meracuni tanaman. Tindakan efektif agar padi tetap dapat diproduksi pada tanah asam adalah dengan penyilangan galur padi yang bersifat toleran yaitu Cabacu dengan padi bersifat peka yaitu IR64 sehingga menghasilkan populasi galur toleran Al. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk validasi Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) toleran Al pada galur padi hasil penyilangan Cabacu dengan IR64 pada generasi F7. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan menguji fenotipik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dan deskriptif dengan analisis data secara kualitatif menjelaskan hasil isolasi DNA. Data hasil pengamatan fenotipe diolah dengan program SPSS versi 16 untuk melihat sebaran data dan dilakukan uji normalitas menggunakan Uji Shapiro-Wilk. Dilakuan juga uji T untuk melihat keterpautan fenotipe dan genotipe. Hasil penelitian yaitu analisis uji fenotipe menunjukan bawa data distribusi secara normal. Sedangkan analisis marka tunggal menunjukan bahwa sifat toleran alumunium terletak pada kromosom 1 (RM5)
Kata kunci: padi, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), toleran alumuniu
ISOLASI DAN SELEKSI KHAMIR AMILOLITIK ASAL BUAH NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)
Get PDFThe aim of this research is to find the isolates of yeast that have the ability to produce enzyme amylase. The strains that can produce the amylase enzyme are characterized by a clear zone around colonies after addition of iodine solution in medium containing 1% starch soluble. Activity of amylase enzyme can be determined by measuring using spectrophotometer at λ 540 nm. The isolation result obtained 75 representative yeast isolates with colony color white butyrous 16%, white mucoid 29.3%, yellowish white 18.7%, cream 20%, peach mucoid 9.3%, and orange mucoid 6,7%. Screening results showed that 8 isolates were able to produce an amylase enzyme with code isolates K33, K34, K36, K37, K48, K107, and K128. A total of two potential yeast isolates in yielding amylase with K34 and K39 isolate codes had amylolytic index 2.89 and 2.27. The highest enzyme activity was produced by K48 (0.88 U/mL)
TINJAUAN KHUSUS KOLEKSI TUMBUHAN BERUSIA TUA DI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS
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Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) is one of the oldest institutions in Indonesia to concern in ex-situ plant conservation and montane plant research. This institution was established since 1852, initiated by introduction of quinine plant (Cinchona calisaya) for the first time in Indonesia. After that, CBG has brought many species of plants to be conserved and then further studied. As an institution that has been established for more than 166 years, CBG have many plants collection that are old or more than 50 years old. However, a study that discuss about old plants collection from CBG has not been widely carried out, even though the study is very important for manage and develop of plant conservation in CBG. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a review about old plants collection in CBG, ranging from about composition of taxa, distribution of collection, habitat origin, conservation status, management collection, and potential development in the future. The results of this paper are expected to further increase the value of the plant collection in CBG and provide guidance for administrator and all stakeholders to develop various potential found in CBG’s plant collection, especially from old plants collection.
Keywords: Cibodas Botanical Garden, management collection, old plants collection, potential plant