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ANALISIS POLA PENYEBARAN POPULASI HEWAN PERAIRAN DI KAWASAN PESISIR PANTAI JUMIANG
Get PDFJumiang Beach is one of the beaches on the southern coast of Pamekasan Regency, Madura. Jumiang Beach is one of the tourist destinations in the Pamekasan area with varying levels of diversity of aquatic living things. Through this ecological research, we present the pattern of population distribution in the current Jumiang Coast region with the aim of providing information related to the diversity of living things that exist in the region. The pattern of distribution is described as the condition/condition of living creatures in the region whether or not good enough in its development or that causes the level of diversity has decreased. The method used in the form of descriptive and quadrant methods by applying misneting techniques in the form of exploratory which produces data patterns of population distribution in the form of index morisita. The results of the study stated that the pattern of population distribution in the Jumiang Coast region was classified as a group with a morisita index value of more than one
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS BURUNG DI WILAYAH TAMAN KOTA SPATODEA DAN TABEBUYA, JAKARTA SELATAN
No full textUrban parks in South Jakarta are the main component of green open spaces which act as habitat for birds in the cities. Aim of this study was to determine the diversity of bird species around the South Jakarta City Park. The research was conducted in October-November 2021 in the city parks of Spatodea and Tabebuya, South Jakarta. Bird data collection used the point count method, while plant data collection used an inventory system. Results showed that the Tabebuya Park location had 9 species of birds from 8 different families, while in Spatodea Park there were 8 bird species found. The Tabebuya City Park was found to have medium species diversity index value, medium evenness index value and low dominance value index. Spatodea city park had a low value index of species diversity, low evenness value index, and low dominance value index. The highest number of bird species obtained was 7 species in total. The results showed that the urban park area in South Jakarta had low to moderate range of bird species diversity. This could happen because birds in urban landscapes tended to be more sensitive to the presence of certain stratification of vegetation, especially tree stratification
ISOLASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine bulbosa) DAN UJI ANTAGONISME TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus
No full textAntibiotic resistance is one of the main challenges faced by the health world today. Therefore, various efforts are being made to find new alternative antibiotics from various sources. Endophytic bacteria from medicinal plants are thought to have an antibacterial activity that can potentially inhibit pathogenic bacteria growth. This study aimed to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria from the Dayak onion plant and determine their potential to inhibit the growth of two pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Bacterial isolation was carried out using the surface sterilization method and grown on nutrient agar media. The endophytic bacteria isolates obtained were then characterized macroscopically and microscopically. The agar plug diffusion method carried out the antagonism test against pathogenic bacteria. The result showed that 40 isolates of endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from the Dayak onion plant's leaves, bulbs, and roots. Based on the antagonism test, 3 isolates were able to inhibit E.coli while 8 isolates were able to inhibit S. aureus. Three isolates (CED3, CED4, and CEU6) were able to inhibit both pathogenic bacteria, and the highest activity was shown by CED3 isolates
BAKTERIOFAG DAN APLIKASI DALAM MENGENDALIKAN BAKTERI PATOGEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEAMANAN PANGAN
Get PDFFood safety and sustainable food production is an essential parts of the sustainable development goals of protecting the health and well-being of humans, animals, and the environment. Foodborne diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly with the global crisis of antibiotic resistance. Bacteriophages as a biocontrol are a promising alternative for reducing contamination from pathogenic bacteria in food such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacteriophages are natural predators of bacteria that are harmless to humans and animals and are found in various environments, thus have been recognized as promising antimicrobial agents to help control specific bacterial pathogens in food production. Several bacteriophages have been applied in food to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria. The results of this application show the efficacy of bacteriophages as biopreservation agents against foodborne pathogenic bacteria
ANALISIS PROFIL GEN IRT PADA TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MARKA SSR DAN SNP TERHADAP KONDISI CEKAMAN BESI
Get PDFBadan Pusat Statistik reported that rice production in 2019 decreased by 2.63 million tons (7.75 percent) when compared to 2018 production. Efforts to increase national rice production can be made by utilizing swamp land as rice production land. The high concentration of Fe in swamp land is an obstacle in its utilization. Selection of iron stress tolerant rice strains is needed . The purpose of this study was to determine the iron stress tolerant swamp rice strains and the relationship of tolerance levels in rice strains based on SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) and SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers. The results showed that the rice strains tolerant to 1600 ppm FeSO4 stress was Siam Saba. Four of the 11 SSR markers used showed polymorphism, namely RM 125, RM 180, RM 320, RM 336. Cluster analysis showed that 4 rice strains were divided into 2 main groups with a similarity coefficient of 0.66. The first group consists of swamp rice (Siam Saba and Siam Tanggung) and the second group consists of paddy rice (Ciherang and INPARI 34). Analysis with SNP markers showed 12 SNP points. There was a deletion mutation at position 1007 bp and an insertion mutation at position 1151 bp
VEGETASI TAMAN URBAN SEBAGAI PENYEDIA PAKAN BAGI BEBERAPA TROPHIC GUILD BURUNG HERBIVORA: STUDI TAMAN LAPANGAN BANTENG, JAKARTA PUSAT
Get PDFVegetal food is the most important resource for herbivores. The study of food consumed by bird community in Indonesia, especially in urban environments is needed to provide an overview of the ability of City Parks to support bird communities. The aim was to determine the urban park vegetation in the Lapangan Banteng park as a potential food source for urban birds, especially frugivores, nectarivores and granivores. The study was conducted in September until December 2018 . Data were analyzed using Rstudio and ImageJ. The results showed that there were 7 species of birds consisting: four species of granivores (Passer montanus, Streptopelia chinensis, Lonchura punctulata, and Pycnonotus aurigaster) and three species of frugivores (Psittacula alexandri, Dicaeum trochileum, Treron vernans) which were observed to use plants as food resource Lapangan Banteng park. Birds used 30% of trees (Syzygium polyanthum, Melaleuca leucadendra, Ficus benjamina) and 70% of herbaceous ground cover (Arachis pintoi., Phoenix sp., Pennisetum purpureum, Axonopus compressus, Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, and Eleusine indica). The availability of sufficient natural food in nature will have an impact on both bird conservation and the environment. The availability of natural food will improve bird conservation and ensure the sustainability of urban biodiversity
INVENTARISASI JENIS TUMBUHAN SUKU ARACEAE DI TAMAN NASIONAL GUNUNG MERAPI, YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFTumbuhan Araceae adalah tumbuhan herba yang memiliki bentuk daun yang variatif, memiliki seludang (spathe), bunga majemuk tipe tongkol (spadix) dan merupakan tumbuhan pionir setelah peristiwa erupsi gunung Merapi. Pendataan keragaman Araceae di gunung Merapi setiap tahunnya perlu dilakukan akibat kerap mengalami perubahan kondisi vegetasi dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk inventarisasi tumbuhan Araceae di Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi dan studi perbandingan keragaman tumbuhan Araceae dengan penelitan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di 6 lokasi penelitian yaitu Kalikuning, Telogo Nirmolo, Bukit Plawangan, Goa Jepang, Telogo Muncar, dan Bukit Pronojiwo. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan data secara jelajah (cruise method) dengan penentuan lokasi penelitian. Analisis data disajikan secara kualitatif dengan cara mendeskripsikan morfologis dan cara hidup tumbuhan Araceae. Selanjutnya data dianalisis berdasarkan distribusi tumbuhan Araceae di lokasi terdampak erupsi serta potensi pemanfaatan tumbuhan Araceae di Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi. Jumlah tumbuhan Araceae yang ditemukan adalah 10 jenis dalam 8 genus, terdapat individu baru yang berbeda dengan penelitian yang dilakukan sebelumya, yaitu 6 jenis dalam 6 genus. Tumbuhan Araceae juga memiliki beberapa potensi manfaat sebagai makanan, hiasan, obat, dan sayuran. 
PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN FERMENTASI KHAMIR Saccharomyces cerevisiae DARI BERBAGAI MEDIA KULTUR
Get PDFMedia SDA (Sabouraud Dextrose Agar) dan PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) merupakan jenis media yang umum digunakan untuk menumbuhkan kapang dan khamir. Kekurangan dari kedua media ini adalah memiliki harga yang mahal. Sebagai alternatif, beberapa institusi pendidikan umumnya menggunakan media PDA racikan sendiri yang terbuat dari air rebusan kentang dan nutrient agar untuk menghemat biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kualitas khamir Saccharomyces cerevisiae yang ditumbuhkan pada media SDA, PDA, dan PDA racikan. Penelitian merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan cara menanam biakan S. cerevisiae, yang ditumbuhkan dari 3 jenis media, pada sari buah nanas. Kualitas S. cerevisiae dinilai dari kemampuan melakukan fermentasi yang dilihat dari kadar alkohol dan kadar gula reduksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan S. cerevisiae yang ditumbuhkan pada ketiga jenis media memiliki kualitas yang berbeda. Kadar alkohol dan kadar gula reduksi yang dihasilkan oleh S. cerevisiae yang ditumbuhkan pada media SDA (29,91% dan 0,39%), PDA (29,61% dan 0,38%), dan PDA racikan (24,02% dan 0,6%) memiliki nilai yang berbeda signifikan (p < 0,05).
Kata kunci: media agar; S. cerevisiae; fermentasi; kadar alkohol; kadar gula reduks
Inventarisasi dan Studi Asosiasi Anggrek Epifit dengan Pohon Inang di Kawasan Bukit Plawangan, Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi
Get PDFAnggrek termasuk pada famili Orchidaceae dan merupakan tumbuhan herba perenial yang memiliki bentuk bunga sangat beragam dengan 231 jenis diantaranya dinyatakan endemik. Eksplorasi dan Inventarisasi Anggrek di Lereng Selatan Gunung Merapi berdasarkan data terakhir sebelum erupsi tahun 2010 terdapat 19 jenis anggrek epifit dari 23 jenis anggrek yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi dan mempelajari studi asosiasi anggrek epifit dengan pohon inang di kawasan Bukit Plawangan, Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil data primer berupa jenis anggrek, jenis inang, zonasi percabangan anggrek tumbuh, dan jumlah anggrek. Data dianalisis menggunakan indeks asosiasi Oichai dan nilai indeks similaritas. Jumlah anggrek yang ditemukan yaitu 82 individu yang terdiri dari lima jenis anggrek epifit, yaitu Vanda tricolor, Eria retusa, Dendrobium mutabile, Pholidota carnea, dan Coelogyne speciosa, serta pohon inang yang ditumbuhi anggrek yaitu pohon Schima wallichii, pohon Ficus sp., dan pohon Pinus sp.. Berdasarkan indeks asosiasi Oichai, anggrek epifit dengan pohon inang berada pada kondisi kurang erat dengan 73,33%. Nilai matriks asosiasi menunjukan adanya toleransi anggrek untuk tumbuh bersama karena memiliki nilai asosiasi positif dan asosiasi negatif yang relatif sama yaitu 57,14% dan 42,8%. Indeks similaritas menunjukan tidak terdapatnya perbedaan spesies antar pohon inang karena memiliki indeks dibawah 75%
KENEKARAGAMAN COLEOPTERA DI SEKITAR KAWASAN CAGAR BIOSFER GIAM SIAK KECIL- BUKIT BATU RIAU
No full textPenelitian mengenai Coleoptera di Kawasan Cagar Biosfer Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu Riau masih sedikit publikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman Coleoptera di sekitar kawasan Cagar Biosfer Giam Siak Kecil Bukit Batu Riau. Penelitian Coleoptera dilakukan pada tanggal 5-11 Mei 2019, Penelitian dilakukan dengan metoda pitfall trap dengan mengunakan wadah plastik. Penelitian dilakukan pada dua lokasi yang berbeda yaitu Zona inti (Hutan sekunder) dan Hutan tanaman industri (HTI). Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan ditemui di Hutan sekunder 9 spesies, dan 42 individu, sedangkan di HTI ditemui 10 spesies dan 153 individu. Komposisi Coleoptera pada habitat hutan sekunder berbeda dengan komposisi Coleoptera yang terdapat pada habitat HTI (IS <50 %). Indeks keanekaragaman Coleoptera di Hutan sekunder, dan HTI tergolong sedang. Spesies yang paling tinggi INP (Dominan) di habitat Hutan sekunder, ditemukan pada Xyleborus sp (61.90 %), dan diikuti Baeocera sp (42.86%). Sedangkan di HTI ditemukan pada adalah Xyleborus sp (122.15%). Coleoptera yang berperan sebagai fungivora memiliki persentase jumlah yang tinggi di kedua habita