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The natural food composition of long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis Raffles, 1821) inhabiting the Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve in North Jakarta
Get PDFLong-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is one species of wild animals inhabits Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve (SMMA), a wetland reserve predominantly grown by mangrove swamp forest. As there is high encounter of M. fascicularis with human and high incident of human-given food, it is important to understand the composition of natural food of M. fascicularis. The method used was quantitative with data collection techniques using scan sampling technique with 5-minute intervals. Natural food source for M. fascicularis in SMMA is provided by 17 species of plants. The main natural food sources providing both leaves and fruits are Ficus benjamina (54.62%) and Sonneratia caseolaris (28.9%). The most common plant parts eaten by M. fascicularis are leaves (61%) and fruit (21%), resembles to those of leaf monkeys (langurs). However, is a high possibility that nutrient needed to supplement high leaf consumption in SMMA monkeys is provided by non-natural human-given food
Inventory of the family Orchidaceae in Desa Serdang village forest, Barusjahe, Karo, North Sumatra
Get PDFThe village forest of Desa Serdang, Barusjahe, Karo, North Sumatra, is a community-managed forest. This forest exhibits a high species richness comparable to state-conserved and managed tropical rainforests. The orchid group is particularly important to assess in any area, as it generally indicates forest quality with good biodiversity levels. This study employs an exploratory method to reveal 32 orchid species, consisting of 16 terrestrial orchid species from 13 genera and 16 epiphytic orchid species from 11 genera. Descriptions and identification keys for each species are provided in this paper
Insecticidal effects of the pandanus (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. ex Lindl.; Pandanaceae) leaf powder against rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus 1753; Curculionidae)
Get PDFThe reduction in the quantity and quality of food can occur during storage in warehouses due to the infestation of rice weevils (Sitophilus oryzae). Environmentally friendly control methods for rice weevil pests are needed, such as using botanical insecticides made from fragrant pandan leaf powder. This research aimed to determine the effects of fragrant pandan leaf powder insecticide on rice weevil pests. The research design used was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) utilizing four dosage levels: 15, 30, 45, and 60 g. The results showed that the dosages had a significant effect on rice weevil mortality, with the highest mortality rate found at the 60 g dosage, reaching 43.50%. The implications of the findings indicated that while higher doses of fragrant pandan leaf powder (60 g) significantly increase rice weevil mortality and also lead to rice weight loss, a balanced dose of bio-insecticide is needed to avoid excessive damage to the rice. Additionally, the organoleptic test results indicate that lower doses (15 g and 30 g) are more preferred by consumers for color, taste, and aroma, which implies that careful dosage control is crucial for both pest control effectiveness and maintaining consumer acceptance
ANALISIS KEANEKARAGAMAN GEN MYOSTATIN (MSTN) SECARA IN-SILICO PADA CATTLE DI INDONESIA
Get PDFCattle is one of the largest livestock products in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of the myostatin (MSTN) gene found in several cattle in Indonesia. This research was a descriptive analysis research based on several literature studies. Gene data was taken from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The gene data taken were from several species such as Bos indicus, Bos indicus×Bos taurus, and Bos taurus. Meanwhile, Bubalus bubalis, Capra hircus, and Cervis sp. were selected as outgroups. DNA sequence data analysis was aligned using MEGA XI software. MSTN gene parameters showed results between the kinship of several cattle in Indonesia. From these results it can be found that there were still several species of cattle in Indonesia that were not yet found in the NCBI database on the MSTN gene. For example, Madura cattle (Bos javanicus), PO Kebumen, PO Aceh, and several livestock products that do not yet have the MSTN gene characterization database. Therefore, to improve the quality of beef in Indonesia, it is necessary to characterize the MSTN gene in several species that are not yet in the database as a benchmark for the quality level of cattle in Indonesia
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN DAN TERUMBU KARANG PULAU TUNDA, KABUPATEN SERANG, BANTEN
Get PDFTunda Island is one of the leading marine destinations in Banten Province which has high potential biodiversity. This study aimed to determine the health condition of the Tunda Island coral reef ecosystem. The method used in this study was Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method for coral reef and Belt Transect method for reef fish. Based on coral reef survey, the percentage of coral coverage on Tunda Island was 34.7%. From this value the coral reefs of Tunda Island were included in the sufficient category. The results of a survey of fish showed that there were 57 species from 17 families, which is dominated from Pomacentridae. The diversity index value (H ') of reef fish was 3.143, which showed that the diversity of reef fish around Tunda Island was high, and the uniformity index value (e) was 0.777, which showed that in Tunda Island waters the spread of fish species was stable
KEANEKARAGAMAN FITOPLANKTON DI DANAU KENANGA UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA, JAWA BARAT
Get PDFIn addition to urban forest area at the University of Indonesia, Depok Campus, West Java, there are lakes that functions as water reservoir area. University of Indonesia is eager to create green and beautiful campus environment with one of its efforts is to care for the lake ecosystem in the campus. This study was conducted to analyze the diversity of phytoplankton in the lake. Sampling was carried out by determining 3 location points with 3 times repetitions conducted on different days. The water samples taken were then identified at the Biology Laboratory FMIPA UNJ. The mean values of water quality parameters obtained were pH 10, TDS 90 ppm, temperature 30°C, and water clarity 46 cm. The results showed that 14 genera and 20 species have been found, they are Chlorophyta, Chroococcus, Coelosphaerium, Crucigeniella, Euglena, Gloeocapsa, Merismopedia, Pediastrum (3 species), Peridinium, Scenedesmus (4 species), Tablelaria, Tetrastrum, Volvox, and Westella (2 species). The Diversity Index Shannon-Wiener during the observation was 2.9, which means that the condition of water at the University of Indonesia Lake was very good and not polluted. The availability of phytoplankton in the area was generally sufficient which can be utilized by other organisms as food source
The UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIFUNGI EKSTRAK BIJI MIMBA (Azadirachta indica ) TERHADAP Trichophyton mentagrophytes SECARA IN VITRO
No full textInfeksi jamur di daerah tropis termasuk Indonesia relatif tinggi. Salah satu jamur yang dapat menginfeksi yaitu Trichophyton mentagrophytes yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit kulit seperti tinea pedis, tinea kruris dan lainnya. Sebagai alternatif pengobatan digunakan ekstrak biji mimba. Salah satu manfaatnya sebagai antijamur. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak biji mimba dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Trichophyton mentagrophytes dan mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas masing-masing ekstrak biji mimba terhadap Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu maserasi bertingkat dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, diklorometan dan metanol. Uji aktivitas antijamur menggunakan metode sumuran. Data yang dihasilkan di analisis menggunakan Post-Hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD ) dan kandungan senyawa pada masing-masing ekstrak di analisis menggunakan instrument GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksan memiliki daya hambat yang paling tinggi dibandingkan dengan ekstrak diklorometan dan metanol. Rata-rata diameter zona hambat ekstrak n-heksan yaitu 11,12 mm, ekstrak diklorometan 10,37 mm dan ekstrak metanol 9,75 mm. Hasil analisis senyawa menggunakan GCMS ekstrak biji mimba mengandung asam palmitat, asam stearat dan heptadecene-8-carbonic acid yang diduga memiliki sifat sebagai antijamur. Hasil analisis One Way Anova yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD) menunjukkan ekstrak n-heksan, diklorometan dan metanol memiliki aktivitas yang sama dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Trichophyton mentagrophytes (p>0,05)
STUDI ANATOMI TANAMAN KOMAK KEDIT (Phaseolus lunatus L.) LOKAL DI PULAU LOMBOK
Get PDFPlant anatomy is one of the important basic data to reveal the potential of a plant. Anatomical data provide an overview of the internal structure of the plant body. This structure is influenced by the environment, the same thing is also likely to occur in Komak kedit plants which are widely planted on Lombok Island. Komak kedit (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is a species of legume (Fabaceae) originating from Central America. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences or variations in the anatomical structure of the Komak kedit (P. lunatus) on Lombok Island. Data analysis in this research was descriptive qualitative and triangulation. The results showed that the anatomical structure of the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds of the Komak kedit plant on Lombok Island had similar structure, such as epidermis, cortex, and stele. However, in this study, there were more differences in the number of stomata on leaves in West Lombok compared to East Lombok, Central Lombok, North Lombok, and Mataram. This was caused by differences in the environment where the plants were planted, such as water content
ESTIMASI STOK KARBON MANGROVE STRATA POHON DI KELURAHAN TRIMULYO KOTA SEMARANG SEBAGAI UPAYA KONSERVASI MANGROVE
Get PDFDevelopment progress that occurred in the city of Semarang has an impact on increasing community economic activity. This increasing carbon emissions in the air occured due to the use of fossil fuels. One of the efforts to reduce carbon emissions is by reforestation. The city of Semarang has 19.541 hectares (52.31%) of green open space out of 37.303,9 hectares of the total area of the city. However, the area of the mangrove ecosystem in Semarang City was only 68,13 Ha. Even though mangrove ecosystems have a higher ability to absorb carbon than other ecosystems. Based on these conditions, it was necessary to estimate mangrove carbon stocks as an effort to determine the potential of mangrove tree strata to absorb carbon. From the results, the value of mangrove carbon stocks in the Trimulyo mangrove ecosystem of 36,00 tons/ha had the potential to act as a carbon sink
PRE TREATMENT MINYAK JELANTAH DENGAN KARBON AKTIF AMPAS TEBU MENURUNKAN RESIKO HEPATOTOKSISITAS TIKUS (SPRAQUE DAWLEY)
Get PDFCooking oil is a human need that is increasing over time resulting in wasted cooking oil. One of the efforts to reduce negative effect of used cooking oil is the use of activated carbon in the refinery process. The aim of this study was to determine the hepatotoxicity of used cooking oil treated with activated carbon of bagasse on rat livers. The method used true experimental laboratory with Post Test Only with Control Group Design. White rats were divided into 4 treatment groups. Positive control, given 0.2 ml of used cooking oil. Negative control, given 0.2 ml of packaged cooking oil. Group 3 was given 0.2 ml of used cooking oil mixed with 5% activated carbon. Group 4 was given 0.2 ml of used cooking oil mixed with 15% activated carbon of bagasse. The liver enzyme of SGPT-SGOT was measured by spectrophotometry and analysed by ANOVA. The concentration of bagasse-activated carbon in used cooking oil affected the levels of SGOT-SGPT and rats weight. The lowest levels of SGOT were obtained in used cooking oil treated with 5% activated carbon bagasse (18.85 ± 0.544 U/L). Application of bagasse-activated carbon in used cooking oil can reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity in mice