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PENILAIAN EKSPRESI PROTEIN MDM2 DAN P53 SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR RESPON RADIOTERAPI PADA KANKER SERVIKS
Get PDFCervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in Indonesia, and most of cases were already in advanced stage where radiotherapy is a tratement to given. Apoptosis is one of the markers for survival assessment of therapeutic response. In animal experiments MDM2 expression in various cell types to act as a survival factor by inhibiting the apoptotic function of p53 that is played by apoptosis can lead to malignant transformation and result in resistance to radiotherapy. Therefore, MDM2 is overexpressed due to alleged damage to p53 can also be used to assess the success of radiotherapy. This study aimed to assess the expression of MDM2 and p53 immunohistochemistry in cervical cancer and its relation to radiotherapy response. This study is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive. The sample consisted of 23 cases of advanced cervical cancer were biopsied, 17 cases with complete response to radiation and 6 cases of partial radiation response. This study showed complete radiotherapy group MDM2 expression was found in 70.59% (12 cases) and p53 expression was found in 94.11% (16 cases), while the expression of MDM2, a partial response was found in 100% (6 cases), while the expression p53 66.67% (4 cases). MDM2 and p53 expression with SPSS 16 chi square test showed no association with response to radiotherapy in cervical cancer
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS BURUNG DI TAMAN SITULEMBANG, TAMAN SUROPATI , DAN TAMAN MENTENG, JAKARTA PUSAT
Get PDFBirds are one of the animals that can be encountered utilizing City Park as a habitat. The existence of birds in a habitat influenced by factors such as life support shelter and feed availability. Situlembang Park, Suropati Park, and Menteng Park has a different characteristic. The purpose of this research was to observe differences in the structure of bird communities in the three parks. This study was conducted in January-March 2015 using descriptive method with point count technique. Results of the research the highest abundance of species in the Situlembang park is Pycnonoctus aurigaster, while bird species in Menteng Park and Suropati Park is Passer mountanus. The highest levels of bird diversity found in Situlembang park is 2,37 then Suropati Park (2.18), and Lowest Menteng Park (2.17). Bird species evenness index in the three parks is high (0.80 to 0.81) and and the dominance index is low (0.13 to 0.15) .The level in similarity index of bird species in the three parks is high (0,80- 0.88)
VARIASI STRUKTUR VOKALISASI OWA JAWA (Hylobates moloch Audebert, 1798) DI HUTAN LINDUNG PETUNGKRIYONO, PEKALONGAN, JAWA TENGAH
Get PDFJavan gibbon is one of an endemic species of Java with kind of unique vocalizations. Supported by a study which showed that every individual has the different anatomy vocal tract that will produce a different sound. Character vocalizations formed from the structure of vocalizations vary between individuals would be the identity of an individual so that there will be effective communication between the giver signal to the receiver. The objective of research is to find out the structure variation of Javan gibbon vocalizations.The research was accomplished in August-September 2015 at the Petungkriyono Protected Forest, Pekalongan, Central Java. The method used is the Focal Continuous sampling. Ratio coefficient of variation within and between female, indicates that the variable vocalizations vary between individuals, and the correct rate of individual identification yielded bydiscriminant function analysis using variable vocalizations was satisfactory (94,4%). Variable vocalization differentiatoris total great call duration (8,99-13,53 s), total great call duration excluding termination phase, duration pre-trill phase, duration introduction note (0,147-0,612 s), frequency range introduction note (408,54-1209,6 Hz), minimal frequency introduction note, maximal frequency introduction note, minimal frequency second trill note, minimal frequency at end of trill note, and minimal frequency range in trill. These vocalizations potentially allow individual recognition of animals
ANALISIS VEGETASI Ficus Racemosa L. DI BANTARAN SUNGAI CILIWUNG WILAYAH PANGADEGAN JAKARTA SELATAN: Analysis Vegetation Of Ficus Racemosa L In The Ciliwung District Of Pangadegan South Jakarta
Get PDFRiver is the most important things for the human life, one of the components environmental especially for whom whose living in the city and Ciliwung river is one of the major river beside of others 13 rivers. Bamboo trees, bananas, cotton, gempol and elo are the common flora were dominate plants along the riverbanks (gempol and elo taken from the local people words). Based from interview with some local citizens in the Ciliwung riverbank which pas through the district of Pangadegan (South Jakarta), Ficus racemosa L (elo tree) is the most important plant which can withstand river erosion and could maintained the riverbanks during flood and continued by taking sample that plant on that district for need of analysis and identification. From the calculation Gigantochloa apus types stake has the highest INP value to the over all plot of 65.43% while INP Ficus racemosa is still low, but Ficus racemosa can be one alternative plant for conservation in the Ciliwung river, because Ficus racemosa has strong roots. However the selection of other plants such as bamboo trees is more effective because it has fast growth. Therefore, by combining the types of plants that role as conservation may be a solution
KAROTENOID PADA ALGAE: KAJIAN TENTANG BIOSINTESIS, DISTRIBUSI SERTA FUNGSI KAROTENOID: Literature Review
Get PDFABSTRAK
Karotenoid terdistribusi pada archaea, bakteri, jamur, tumbuhan, hewan serta algae. Karotenoid dihasilkan dari komponen isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) yang mengalami proses secara bertahap untuk membentuk beragam jenis karotenoid. Terdapat dua kelompok karotenoid yaitu karoten dan xantofil dengan berbagai jenis turunannya. Struktur kimia pada karotenoid algae yaitu allene, acetylene serta acetylated carotenoids. Algae mempunyai karotenoid spesifik yang menarik untuk dipelajari. Setiap kelas algae mempunyai komposisi karotenoid yang berbeda. Untuk memahami tentang karotenoid algae perlu diketahui jalur biosintesisnya serta enzim yang berperan di dalamnya. Karotenoid terdistribusi pada membran tilakoid sesuai dengan fungsinya dalam fotosintesis.
Kata kunci: algae, karotenoid, biosintesis, fukoxantin, LHC, fotosintesi
CURCUMIN FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE (AD) POTENTIAL TREATMENT: Literature Review
Get PDFVarious studies had been conducted regarding the effect of curcumin on AD patients, thus, many of the studies had suggested that curcumin had the potential to prevent and treat AD through several molecular mechanisms including act as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, binding the Aβ plaques, metal chelation, and lowering cholesterol level. One of the prominent characteristics of this neurodegenerative disease is shown by the presence of beta amyloids plaques (Aβ) and inflammation inside the patient’s brains; and as mention above curcumin had shown its capabilities in inhibiting the Aβ plaques and act as an anti-inflammation agent
UJI KETAHANAN NILAM TERHADAP Synchytrium pogostemonis PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUDOK DAN POTENSI PENGENDALIANNYA DENGAN PESTISIDA NABATI
Get PDFNilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) merupakan tanaman semak penghasil minyak atsiri yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Budidaya tanaman nilam memiliki kendala yaitu adanya serangan kapang Synchytrium pogostemonis penyebab penyakit budok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketahanan 3 varietas nilam terhadap penyakit budok, dan mengetahui efektivitas dari formula tunggal dan campuran minyak mimba dan seraiwangi terhadap kejadian penyakit budok dan pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua percobaan: 1) Efektivitas metode infeksi dan uji ketahanan tiga varietas nilam terhadap penyakit budok di rumah kaca, dan 2) Uji efektivitas minyak atsiri formula tunggal maupun campuran mimba dan seraiwangi sebagai pestisida nabati terhadap penyakit budok. Hasil percobaan efektivitas metode infeksi menujukkan bahwa metode perendaman akar tanaman dalam inokulum budok selama satu jam lebih efektif menginfeksi penyakit budok dibandingkan dengan metode penyiraman ke media tanam. Hasil uji ketahanan nilam varietas Sidikalang, Patchoulina 1 dan Patchoulina 2 menunjukkan bahwa varietas Patchoulina 1 lebih rentan terhadap penyakit budok karena menimbulkan keterjadian penyakit (KeP) dan keparahan penyakit (KP) hingga 20%, dengan karekter pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman yang lebih rendah dibandingkan varietas lain yang diuji. Sedangkan diantara minyak atsiri yang diujikan, formula minyak atsiri campuran (mimba dan seraiwangi) konsentrasi 0.5% lebih efektif dalam mengurangi penyakit budok, namun efektivitasnya masih lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan fungisida benomil 0,3% dan bubur bordo 0,1%. Aplikasi formula minyak atsiri secara signifikan tidak berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan nilam, sehingga formula campuran (mimba dan seraiwangi) 0,5% dapat digunakan untuk mengontrol penyakit budok pada tanaman nilam
STUDI KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS KELELAWAR (CHIROPTERA) PADA BEBERAPA TIPE EKOSISTEM DI CAMP LEAKEY KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL TANJUNG PUTING (TNTP), KALIMANTAN TENGAH: Bat's species diversity study (Chiroptera) at some type of ecosystem in Camp Leakey, Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting (TNTP), Central Kalimantan
Get PDFBat (Chiroptera) is one of mammals that can fly and has population decreased, this caused by habitat loss, trade, and excessive arrested. This research purposed to know about species diversity of bats in Indonesia, especially in Camp Leakey, Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting (TNTP), Central Kalimantan. This research conducted on area study of Camp Leakey, TNTP, Central Kalimantan, at September untill November 2015. Method of this research are descriptive method with misneting technique. Result of this research indicated that studi area of Camp Leakey, TNTP, Central Kalimantan have a high species diversity. Homogenity index were quite high or moderate and inversely proportional to dominant index score were quite low
ANALISIS BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA MAKANAN SIAP SAJI DI KANTIN RUMAH SAKIT X DAN KANTIN RUMAH SAKIT Y: Analysis of Escherichia coli Bacteria on Fast Food at hospital X and Y cafetaria
Get PDFThe increasing human activity makes the preference for fast food increases. However, some people do not pay attention to the hygiene conditions of food processed from food stalls. Food handlers, equipment utilization, food processing, clean water, and the packaging are the critical points of bacterial contamination. Escherichia coli is a bacterium that usually used as the indicator of food hygiene. The objective of this study is to examine the contamination of coliform bacteria, especially E. coli at two hospital cafeteria by using MPN method and questionnaire regarding the implementation of the basic principles of hygiene. Stages of tests performed that are the presumption test, confirmation test, complementary test, gram stain test, biochemical test IMViC and supported by a questionnaire. From the two locations tested, some samples showed positive result in a presumption test and confirmation test but negatively complementary to biochemical test. This indicates that the sample does not contain E. coli bacteria in food, but there is the possibility of Citrobacter. The negative results of the IMVIC test showed that it is possible bacteria found in the presumption test and confirmation test not E. coli and non-pathogenic bacteria. Based on the results of the questionnaire, most of restaurant owner has understood to served food. Food at the hospital X and Y cafetaria are safe to consume because it has a negative E.coli
UJI KEMAMPUAN ANTAGONISME KHAMIR ASAL DAUN JATI (Tectona grandis) TERHADAP KAPANG PENGKONTAMINAN PADA PAKAN TERNAK AYAM: Antagonism Ability Test Yeast Origin Teak Leaves (Tectona grandis) Against Mold Contaminator In Chicken Feed
Get PDFAntagonism is the interaction that occurs when a microorganism interfere with the growth of other microorganisms. One of the microorganisms that have antagonistic ability is yeast. The research aims to determine the ability of antagonism yeast derived from the leaves of teak (Tectona grandis) as an agent for controling mold from poultry feed is Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp. Tests carried out using the method of antagonism co-culture in medium Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) during the four days of incubation temperature of 27-28°C. The results showed that yeasts have antagonism activity against Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Penicillium sp. shown by mycelial growth inhibition and sporulation. Co-culture method results obtained 5 potential yeast isolates (T3D2 DU 1.7, T4D2 WU2J2, T4D2 DU 2.1, T4D1 DU 2.1, T5D1 DU 2.2)