Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
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Risk Factor Associated with Hepatitis B Incidence in Pondok Pesantren Putri Ibnul Qoyyim Yogyakarta
Get PDFHepatitis B virus has been a problem in developing countries. The transmission of HBV is through the exposure to the blood or secret of the infected patients. Woman has 3 times higher risk to get HBV than men. The pleminary observation revealed that in Pondok Pesantren Putri QoyyimYogyakarta 20-30 students shared a room. It also showed poor hygene that might lead to environmental based transmission. No sepesific sympthom for HBV infection in the early phase causes people unaware of getting infected. This study was aimed at finding out factors associated with HBV case among students in Pondok Pesantren Putri Ibnul Qoyyim Yogyakarta. This was an observational study using Cross Sectionl approach including 97 female students. The data were collected using interview, observation and blood testing to find out the marker of possitive HbsAg. The independent variable was blood transfussion history, the use of shrynge, piercing , permanent tattoo, accupunture, mouth cavity examination or dentist, family history of hepatitis,the tooth brush sharing or nail cutter.The resut showed that out of 97 female students subjected to blood test, 2 had a possitive HbsAg. Univariate analysis showed that factors associated with hepatitis B is the family history (OR=7.636; 95% Cl= 0.445-130.985 p=0,002). Multivariate analysis showed that family history of hepatitis B was significantly associated with the hepatitis B incidence (OR= 5. 704; 95% Cl= 0. 287-113. 276, p=0.004). Family history of hepatitis B is the risk factor for hepatitis B incidence in Pondok Pesantren Putri Ibnul Qoyyim Yogyakarta. Health education on the risk of geeting infected by Hepatitis B virus should be in the first priority
The Effect of Alium Satium Extract on the Glomerular Diameter of STZ -induced Sprague dawley Rats
Get PDFHyperglycemia exert toxic effect in kidney.The aim of this study was to investigate the short term effect of ethanolic extract of garlic in preventing nephropathy following streptozotocin (STZ) induced rats. Twenty male Sprague dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 group, all group induced induced by single dose intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg kg-1 of streptozotocin (STZ). Treatment with 3 doses ethanolic extract of garlic (0,1; 0,25; 0,5 mg kg-1 day-1) was followed for 14 days, then the left kidneys were excised and histhopathological studies were carried out using scanner 3D Hitech and Panoramic view software. Statistical analysis have been done using non parametric analysis Kruskall Wallis. The study revealed that glomerular diameter of the treatment rats was significantly different from the control group (p=0,0001). Increasing doses didn’t make difference. The ethanolic extract of garlic (Allium sativum) influences the diameter glomeruli but increasing doses has no effect on the glomerular diameter
Mahkota Dewa Mesocarp Infusion Improved Testicular Damage and Sperm Count In Diabetic Rat
Get PDFBackground: Global prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is predicted to be increasing with worldwide population increase, longer life expectancy, urbanization, change in lifestyle and higher incidence of obesity. Diabetes Mellitus which is characterized by increasing level of blood glucose can induce increasing activity of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) which can further lead to abnormality in male reproductive system, especially testis. Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl.=PM) contain flavonoid, alkaloid and saponin which can prevent further negative effect on ROS increase in male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to know effect of PM mesocarp infusion on testicular damage and sperm count in alloxan induced diabetic rat.Design and Method: The design of this study was post test only with control group design. Rats in this study were divided into 4 groups (6 rats each group): control group, diabetic group, diabetic group treated with PM mesocarp infusion (9% and 13.5%). Diabetes was induced by alloxan 50 mg/BW single dose injection intramuscularly. PM mesocarp’s infusion was given in 4 weeks. Testicular damage was observed in hematoxylin-eosin stain using Johnsen criteria for spermatogenesis level and tubulus seminiferous’ diameter. Sperm count was performed on the semen taken from vas defferens using Giemsa stain.Result: PM mesocarp infusion group has higher spermatogenic level (p < 0,05), higher tubulus seminiferus diameter and sperm count (p < 0,05) than diabetic group.Conclusion: Mahkota dewa mesocarp infusion improved testicular damage and sperm count in alloxan-induced diabetic rat (Sains Medika, 4(2):115-123)
The level of Anxiety in Cervical Cancer Patients of Lower Socioeconomic Status Receiving Chemoteraphy in RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Get PDFChemotheraphy for cervical cancer can result in physical and psychological side effects. One of the physical effects is anxiety. This study aimed at identifyingthe level of anxiety in cervical cancer patients of lower socioeconomic status receiving chemotherapy. The anxiety assessment was based on the physicaland psychological quetionnaire (HRS-A) with a guided interview with 40 patients of RSUD Dr. Moewardi. The data from the respondents were tabulatedand analyzed using pivot table of Microsoft Ecxel. The result showed that 40% of the respondents had anxiety symtoms, 30% had a mid anxiety and20% had a medium anxiety and 10% had a severe anxiety. Patients with a personal budget tend to have a higher anxiety compared with those who had agovernment health insurance (JAMKESMAS/Public Health Coverage Insurance). There had been several concerns among the patients including 1) thefear of side effect of chemotheraphy, 2) pessimism of the treatment outcome and the thought of death, 3) inconvenience of regular check for chemoteraphyto hospital and concern about the children and family. The level of anxiety varied among respondents. A lower socioeconic status, lower level of educationand the local wisdom of ‘nrimo’ were responsible for the abcence or lower level of anxiety symptoms in some patients
The Effect of Weaning Food on the Body Weight of 6-12 Months Infants in Posyandu Kutoharjo Village, Kaliwungu, Kendal
Get PDFAccording to Central Java Riskesdas in 2007 the severe malnutrition rate was 4.0%, while the rate in Kendal district was 3.1%. The age of 6-12 months is important because it is transition from liquid to solid foods. A purely breast milk diet is unsufficient to meet the nutritional needs of a fast growing baby growth. Weaning diet for baby is necessary to prevent growth disorder. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of weaning diet on weight gain of 6-12 month infant in posyandu (intergrated health center) of Kutoharjo Kaliwungu Kendal. The study was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. 87 samples were taken from the visits of children aged 6-12 months in the posyandu consisted of 53 boys and 34 girls who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The informations of weaning diet was obtained by questionare and interview. The results classified the baby into two groups namely the appropiate groups and inappropriate groups. The infant’s growth was assessed using the growth chart for the previous two months. Data were analyzed by Chi-Square Test. 51 (58.6%) infants fed of the appropriate solid foods, 44 (50.6%) had a good weight gain growth and only 7 (8%) infants has a bad weight gain. While of 36 (41.4%) infants fed inappropriate weaning diet, 30 (34.5%) infants had a bad weight gain and only 6 (6.9%) infants had a good weight gain. The Chi-Square analysis showed p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05), which means that there was a significant difference between the two groups. The weaning food affect on weight gain of 6-12 month infants in posyandu Kutoharjo village Kaliwungu Kendal
Customers Perspective in Performance Assessment of Pharmacy Instillation of RSUD X with Balanced Scorecard
Get PDFBalanced Scorecard performance measurement (financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business perspective, and learning and growth perspective) offers a more thorough and comprehensive evaluation in a public organization such as a hospital. The object of this study was the Department of Pharmacy of RSUD X. This study was descriptive non-experimental. The data were obtained retrospectively and prospectively. The qualitative data were obtained through questionnaires. The quantitative data were obtained through direct observation, surveys. From the research using the Balanced Scorecard data gathering, it has been found that: performance customer perspective showed that the average patient satisfaction was 88% of patients. They were satisfied with the service of the Department of Pharmacy, and the average growth of customers has increased by 10% each month. In conclusions, the working performance of the department of pharmacy was included in a good criteriaÂ, with some suggestions and improvements that need to be taken into consideration
Effect of Tempeh Flour Supplementation During Pregnancy In Wistar Rats With Limited Diet
Get PDFFree radicals are formed in the body as a by-product of an aerobic respiration. During pregnancy, the increase in free radicals potentially causes structural and functional damages to fetus. Tempeh is originally from Indonesia having various nutrition inclding vitamin, mineral and isoflaphon serving as antioxidhant having potential to reduce and improve DNA damage. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of tempeh flour suplementation during pregnancy on Glutathione peroxides (GPx) and Malondetaldehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxide in the offspings. In this experimental study, 20 pregnant female wistar rats were devided into four groups of 5 rats each to receive one of the following treatment :10 g standard diet/rat/d, 10 g/rat/d of standard diet and tempeh flour 1. g//d, 10 g/d of standard diet and tempeh flour 2g/d, standard diet of 10 g/d and 1g of egg/d. And aquades ad libitum. During nursing period (until 1 month) the rats were fed 10 g/100gBB/d normal diet, after weining they were supplemented with a diet of high in saturated fat for 4 weeks for each group. The Mean of litter size was 1: 9.33 with mean of BW 4.93 g, group II:6.17 with BW of 5.32, group III: 5.17 with BW of 5.33, group IV: 6.33 with BW: 5.01. Means of GPx for the four groups were 22.38 U/mg, 28.94 U/mg, 38.59 U/mg, 16.98 U/mg respectively. The mean of MDA for the four groups were 11.07 nmol/mg, 9.89 nmol/mg, 10.06 nmol/mg and 12.25 nmol/mg respectively. There was a significant difference in GPx and MDA (p=0.00). In conclusion tempeh flour had an effect on the level of GPx and MDA in rats with limited diet during pregnancy
The Relationship between Total Blood Cholesterol Level and VO2 max in 6-Minute Walk Test An Analitical Observational Study in Students of Medical Faculty UNISSULA aged 19 to 21 years
Get PDFThe increase in total cholesterol level is a risk factor for coronary heart diseases leading to decrease in fitness. VO2 max is the biggest advocate for heart and lung fitness. There have been few studies conducted on relationship between total cholesterol level and VO2 max. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between total colesterol level and VO2 max through the 6-minute walk test. In this Analytical observational study with the population of medical faculty students of 2009, 2010, 2011 included 51 persons aged 19-21 years. Total cholesterol level was measured by specthrophotometer from blood. VO2 max analyzed by the 6-minute walk test. The study resulted in mean VO2 max of 24.48 ml/kg/min, mean of total blood cholesterol of 164.16 mg/dl. Pearson correlation test showed there was a significant correlation between total blood cholesterol level and VO2 max (p < 0.05), with negative correlation r = -0.281. An increase in the blood levels of total cholesterol will decrease physical fitness (VO2 max)
Relationship between Risk Factors and Drug Use among Female Prisoners in Semarang Prison between 2012 and 2013
Get PDFDrugs abuse is a complex problem facing family and society. Drug abuse cases have long long been recognized. in Indoneisia the cases started to gain public attention in 1969. Today, the similiar cases are increasing in number. There have been more number cases and type of drugs abused (multiple drugs). The Risk factors for drug abuse vary among individuals and involve several factors namely individual, environment and drugs. The interaction of the three factors leads to the drug abuse. To cope with that, a holistic approach is needed. This study was aimed at dinding out the risk factors for drug abuse among women serving in women prison of Semarang due to drug abuse. In this cross-sectional study, chi square test was applied to assess the correlation between the risk factors and the drug abuse. Cooficient contigency was applied to evaluate the degree of correlation among variables. The result showed that out of 273 women prisoners, 176 were drug abusers. The individual factors of enxiety had a normal possitive correlation with drug abuse with a weak correlation (p<0,05, r=0,221.
The Definitive Diagnosis of Tuberculous Meningitis (TBM) di RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang Descriptive study in adult patients using IS6110-based PCR amplification for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Get PDFTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common cause of central nervous system infection and has very high morbidity and mortality. The definitive diagnosis of TBM in RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang has been insufficient. This study aimed at finding out the definitive diagnosis of TBM di RSUP dr Kariadi Semarang using IS6110 sensitive and specific primer. This was a descriptive study included all in-patients with meningitis and/or TBM of RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang aged > 14 years with Thwaites’ Diagnostic Score ≤ 4 between March 1, 2013 and November, 30 2013. The devinitive diagnosis of TBM was made using IS6110-based PCR amplification for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex conducted in microbiology clinic of FK UNDIP/RSUP dr. Kariadi Semarang. The secondary data was the basic and laboratory data from the medical records of the patients. Mean age was 39.59 ± 15.7. Six (35.3%) pasients were diagnosed with devinitive TBM, 3 (17.64%) were meningitis positive by NTM (Non Tuberculous Mycobacteria). Dual infection was found in 1 (5.8%) case between TBM and bacterial meningitis. Most patients were productive age. Some had devititive TBM. The pasient with meningitis and dual infection were also diagnosed with NTM (Non Tuberculous Mycobacteria)