Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
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Students Who are Listening to Classical Music during Anatomic Identification Test Have Lower Stress Level
Get PDFIntroduction: Just like any other test, anatomical identification test can also cause high stress. Classical music intervention has proven effective in mitigating stress level in clinical context. However, whether or not it is effective as well to reduce stress level during anatomical identification test remains unknown.Objective: discovering whether listening to classical music can alleviate stress level in students when attending anatomical identification examination.Methods: Experimental research with post-test only control group design, involving 148 students as its sample obtained using proportionate stratified random sampling. The sample is divided into 2 groups: the group who listen to classical music and the one who did not listen to classical music. The stress level was measured using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The data are analyzed using Chi Square test.Results: Students who do not listen to classical music are mostly experiencing moderate (33 students or 22.29%), mild (29 students or 19.59%) and severe (12 students or 8.1%) stresses. On the other hand, students who listen to classical music are mostly experiencing mild (44 students or 29.72%), moderate (29 students 19.59%) and severe (1 student or 0.67%) stresses. The Chi Square test shows significant difference, p= 0.002.Conclusion: Listening to classical music makes students have lower stress level when attending anatomical identification test.Background: Just like any other test, anatomical identification test can also cause high stress. Classical music intervention has proven effective in mitigating stress level in clinical context. However, whether or not it is effective as well to reduce stress level during anatomical identification test remains unknown.Objective: discovering whether listening to classical music can alleviate stress level in students when attending anatomical identification examination.Methods: Experimental research with post-test only control group design, involving 148 students as its sample obtained using proportionate stratified random sampling. The sample is divided into 2 groups: the group who listen to classical music and the one who did not listen to classical music. The stress level was measured using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The data are analyzed using Chi Square test.Results: Students who do not listen to classical music are mostly experiencing moderate (33 students or 22.29%), mild (29 students or 19.59%) and severe (12 students or 8.1%) stresses. On the other hand, students who listen to classical music are mostly experiencing mild (44 students or 29.72%), moderate (29 students 19.59%) and severe (1 student or 0.67%) stresses. The Chi Square test shows significant difference, p= 0.002.Conclusion: Listening to classical music makes students have lower stress level when attending anatomical identification test.Â
Corneal Curvature Measurements Utilizing a New Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Tomey OA-2000® and Comparison With IOL Master® 500 in Pterygium Patients
Get PDFIntroduction: Corneal curvature (CC) is an important anterior segment parameter. This study compared CC measurements conducted with two optical devices in pterygium eyes.Methods: Sixty pterygium eyes of 30 patients were enrolled in this study. CC was measured three times with the optical biometer and topography-keratometer Tomey OA-2000 (Tomey Corporation, Nagoya, Japan), then with partial optical coherence interferometry (PCI) IOL Master 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) and data were statistically analysed.Results: The measurements revealed in a mean CC of 43.86 ± 1.57 D with Tomey OA-2000 and 43.84 ± 1.55 D with IOL Master. Distribution of data is normal, and no significance difference in CC values was detected (P = 0.952) between the two devices. Correlation between CC measurements was highly significant (r = 0. 99; P < 0.0001). The mean difference of CC values between devices was 0.017 D and 95% limit of agreement was -0.088 to 0.12. Duration taken for measurements with the standard biometer IOL Master was longer (55.17 ± 2.24 seconds) than with Tomey OA-2000 (39.88 ± 2.38 seconds) in automatic mode. Duration of manual measurement with Tomey OA-2000 in manual mode was shorter (28.57 ± 2.71 seconds).Conclusion: In pterygium eyes, CC measured with Tomey OA-2000 and IOL Master showed similar values, and high correlation was observed between these two devices. This shows that both devices can be used interchangeably. Tomey OA-2000 is better in terms of faster to operate and has its own topography systems
COMPARISON OF THE WHO FORMULA A AND B HANDRUB EFFECTIVENESS AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus : STUDY IN DIPONEGORO NATIONAL HOSPITAL EMERGENCY ROOM, HIGH CARE UNIT, AND STOREROOM BASED ON prEN12054 MODIFICATION
No full textIntroduction: Good implementation of hand hygiene and the availability of cheap, affordable, and effective hand rub can prevent healthcare-associated infection. WHO has issued hand rub formulations that are easily self-produced, effective, and affordable. Objective: This study compares the difference between handrub’s effectiveness stored in National Hospital Diponegoro University ER, HCU, and storeroom for 2 and 10 weeks.Methods: This study was an experimental study with pretest posttest randomized group design. The effectiveness of hand rub measured by prEN12054 in cfu/ml. Results: There was no significant difference between efficacy of WHO formula A and B (p=0.458). In the Mann-Whitney test there was no difference between the effectiveness of WHO A and B formulas before storage (p = 0.567), after being stored for two weeks (p=1.000), and ten weeks (p=0.539). In the Kruskal-Wallis test, there was no difference in the effectiveness of the WHO A formula in three sites at weeks 0, 2 and 10 (p = 0.275, 0.584, 0.116), there was no difference in the effectiveness of the WHO B formula in three sites at week 0, the 2nd and 10th (p = 0.289.; p = 0.584, p = 1.000).Conclusion: No significant differences were found on the effectiveness of the WHO A and B formulas. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of WHO A or B formulas stored in three sites. There were no significant differences in the effectiveness of WHO A or B formulas, before and after being stored for two and ten weeks in three sites.Introduction: Good implementation of hand hygiene and the availability of cheap, affordable, and effective hand rub can prevent healthcare-associated infection. WHO has issued hand rub formulations that are easily self-produced, effective, and affordable.  This study compares the difference between hand rub’s effectiveness stored in National Hospital Diponegoro University ER, HCU, and storeroom for 2 and 10 weeks.Methods: This study was an experimental study with pretest post test randomized group design. The effectiveness of hand rub measured by prEN12054 in cfu/ml.Results: There was no significant difference between efficacy of WHO formula A and B (p=0.458). In the Mann-Whitney test there was no difference between the effectiveness of WHO A and B formulas before storage (p = 0.567), after being stored for two weeks (p=1.000), and ten weeks (p=0.539). In the Kruskal-Wallis test, there was no difference in the effectiveness of the WHO A formula in three sites at weeks 0, 2 and 10 (p = 0.275, 0.584, 0.116), there was no difference in the effectiveness of the WHO B formula in three sites at week 0, the 2nd and 10th (p = 0.289.; p = 0.584, p = 1.000).Conclusion: No significant differences were found on the effectiveness of the WHO A and B formulas. There was no significant difference in the effectiveness of WHO A or B formulas stored in three sites. There were no significant differences in the effectiveness of WHO A or B formulas, before and after being stored for two and ten weeks in three sites
Utilization of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Enhanced High Resolution Corneal In Measuring Pterygium Thickness
Get PDFIntroduction: As various pterygium morphologies have been advocated as contributing factor on corneal astigmatism, little support in the literature available in establishing techniques in measuring pterygium thickness as clinical indicator.Objective: The aim of this study was to describe a quantitative method in determining pterygium thickness using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).Methods: Anterior segment imaging was performed using enhanced high resolution cornea (EHRC) of Visante™ AS-OCT in 120 primary pterygium eyes. Prior to imaging, corneal topography assessment was performed on each pterygium eye in order to identify its topographic location. Based on topography mapping, three meridians (in degrees) were selected as close as possible to the pterygium border, which signify the demarcation of pterygium from the cornea. Reliability testing between intra and inter-observer of AS-OCT imaging modality was examined using intraclass correlation and scatter plot.Results: The overall (n = 120) mean and standard deviation of pterygium thickness EHRC of AS-OCT modality were 0.48 ± 0.10 mm (confidence interval: 0.45 – 0.50). EHRC of AS-OCT also showed excellent intra and intergrader reliability in measuring pterygium thickness with intraclass correlation of 0.997 (confidence interval: 0.994 – 0.998).Conclusions: EHRC of AS-OCT imaging modality is a better choice in assessing pterygium compared to traditional slit-lamp biomicroscopy. This tool is applicable for future work related to better understanding on the role thickness in pterygium morphology, its progression and prediction of induced corneal astigmatism and visual impairment due to pterygium
Effect of Strenuous Physical Activity on Cortisol and Leukocyte in Mice
Get PDFIntroduction: Strenuous physical activities cause an increase in free radicals, physical stress, psychological stress and decreased immunity. Psychological stress affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to increased levels of cortisol and blood cell apoptosis. However, the studies on the effect of strenuous physical activities on cortisol levels and leukocyte count showed inconsistent findings. Objectives: To examine the effect of strenuous exercise on cortisol levels and leukocytes count.Methods: In this study with post test only control group design, 15 male BALB/c mice were randomly assinged to the following 3 groups: control (non-exercised) group (G-0), once strenouse physical activity (G-1), 3 times strenuous physical activity (G-2). Cortisol levels were evaluated by ELISA.White blood count was determined. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA test followed by Post Hoc and Pearson, with a confidence level of 95%.Results: The mean cortisol level in group G-0, G-1, G-2 were 11.86 ± 2.10μg/dL, 32.00 ± 0.86μg/dL, 44.58 ± 1.74μg/dL respectively. The number of leukocytes in G-0, G-1, G-2 were 6180±540.37/mm3, 4650±217.94/mm3, 4180±130.38/mm3 respectively. One way ANOVA showed a significant difference between groups (p <0.001). Post Hoc Test showed that the levels cortisol in G-1 and G-2 were significantly higher than thatof G-0 (p <0.001). The number of leukocyte in G-1 and G-2 was lower than that of G-0 (p <0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between cortisol levels and the number of leukocytes (r = -20.14, p <0.001).Conclusions: Strenuous physical activity increasescortisol levels and decrease the number of leukocytes in BALB /c mice
The Administration of Orange Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Extract Increases Sperm Consentration, Mortility and Viability in Male Mice Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Get PDFIntroduction: Ipomoea batatas L (LIP) contains antioxidants beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E. Cigarette smoke containing ROS has been proven to decrease sperm quality.Objective: this study aimed to confirm that orange sweet potato extract increases sperm consentration, motility, and viability in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: In this experimental study with post test only control group design, 30 male mice were divided into 6 groups. Normal group (Nor-G), no intervention, served as the normal control group. Negative control group (Neg-G) was only exposed to cigarette smoke. Positive control group was only treated with IPL 16mg/ml. IPL-15, IPL-16, and IPL-17 group were treated with IPL 15, 16, and 17mg/ml and exposed to cigarette smoke, respectively.Results: Post Hoc LSD analysis showed that means of sperm concentration and viability in IPL-15, IPL-16, and IPL-17 group were significantly higher compared to that of Neg-G (p 0.05.Conclusion: treatment of IPL capable of increasing sperm concentration, motility, and viability in male mice were exposed to cigarrette smoke
Platelet Profile in Patients with Status Asmaticus in Kebumen
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Asthma has been considered as type 1 hypersensitivity disease, but actually asthma involves a variety of inf lammatory factors.Based on pro-inf lammatory cells, asthma is classified into eosinophilic, non-eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and non-neutrophilic. Platelet plays a role in pathophysiology of asthma through inf lammation. However, platelet profile in patients with asthma have not been established.OBJECTIVE: to determine the platelet indices of patients with status asmaticus of different phenotypes.METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted among a minimum sample size of 67 patients. Data were collected from medical records of patients in RSUD Kebumen. Platelet indices included mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT).RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the value of MPV and PDW in patients with eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma (p> 0.05). But,there was a significant difference in PCT between the two groups (P <0.05)CONCLUSION: There was difference only in plateletcrit (PCT) between patients with eosinophilic and netrophilic asthma
Antioxidant Activities and Antioxidant Cream Formulation of Corn Silk (Zea Mays L) Extract
Get PDFIntroduction : One of the free radicals that can damage facial skin is coming from UV radiation of the sun. Free radicals are the main factors that can accelerate the early aging process. The administration of antioxidants are believed to increase immune system of the body especially to prevent skin aging.Objectives: to determine the antioxidant activity of the corn silk extract and cream formulation. Methods: Corn silk were extracted by maceration using 80% ethanol for 5 days. Determination of antioxidant activity was conducted using 2,2-diphenil 1-pichylhydazyl (DPPH). Optimization of the preparation formula using expert design by varying the concentration of tween 80 and spam 80. The evaluation of cream preparation included homogeneity, organoleptic, pH, adhesion, dispersive power and power irritation to the skin.Results: IC50 corn silk extract were obtained 30,03 ppm with AAI(antioxidant activity index) values of 3,33 ppm. From the results of evaluation of 8 formula indicates a homogenous cream preparation, evaluation of the organoleptic have a brownish-white color and does not become rancid, pH 6.5, adhesion range of 0.12 to 0.5 seconds, dispersive power from 5.1 to 7.3 cm and power irritation of the skin that show the results slightly irritating. Formula optimum dosage creams containing extracts of corn silk 0.0315%; propylene glycol 2.1%; 4.5% tween 80; Span 80 5.5%; sorbitol 20%; 5% stearic acid; VCO 20%; citric acid 0.7%; ascorbic acid 0.06%; Triethanolamine 2.45%; methyl paraben 0.25%; propyl paraben 0.15% and add distilled water 100ml.Conclusion: Corn silk extract (Zea mays L) has a very strong antioxidant activity and for the optimum cream formulation has comparison between emulsifier tween 80 and span 80 is 4.5% to 5.5%
In Vitro Effect of Alfa Mangostin on Multiresistant Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli
Get PDFIntroduction: In Indonesia, the most commom uropatogen E. coli resistance has been to ampicillin (91.9%), ciprof loxacin (83.7%) and cefixime (67.6%). α-mangostin, a chemical compound, has been developed as a new antibiotics isolaated from herbal Garcinia mangostana L, but its effectiveness against multiresistant uropathogenic E. Coli has not been established.Objective: This study examined the effect of α-mangostin on growth of multiresistant E. coliMethods: α-mangostin Treatment of E. coli uropatogen bacteria was administered in vitro, using 14 levels of concentration 14; 28,13; 56.25; 112.5;225; And 450 μg/mL with 4 times replication at each concentration. The antibacterial activity of α-mangostin was determined by evaluating bacterial growth at each concentration using the indirect method by sample absorbance reading. The Samples of uropatogen of E. coli treated with various doses of α-mangostin were incubated for 18-20 hours and then subjected to the absorbance reading using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer λ 625 nm.Results: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in this study was 450 mg/mL. Based on linear regression (STATA 13.1) relationship betweenα-mangostin concentrations and bacterial growth inhibition activity showed 0.0001 <0.05 showing that all concentrations of α-mangostin simultaneously had a significant effect on the growth of uropathogenic E. coli.Conclusion: α-mangostin has not been effective to inhibit the growth of multiresistent uropathogentic E. coli due to a relatively high MIC (450 mcg/mL).a Potentially relevant activity in the clinical setting will occur if the value of the MIC of a substance in vitro <100 μg /mL. Even the pharmaceutical industry prefers the development of antibiotics with in vitro MIC value of ≤ 2 μg/mL
The Productivity Improvement Effort of UMM Medical Center (UMC) Pharmacy from Customers Perspectives
Get PDFIntroduction: The success measurement of management application in an organization or company can be seen from the company or organization’s productivity. Customer perspective used to measure productivity is by looking patients’ satisfaction by measuring importance and performance matrices and customers growth. Objectives: To identify the performance achievement in UMM Medical Center (UMC) pharmacy, by measuring the customers perspectives. Methods: This research is using the research design of non experimental case study, descriptive analysis of the data obtained. Data were gathered retrospectively and prospectively. Retrospective data to figure the customers growth, as for prospective data to find out the customer satisfaction by importance and performance matrix. Results: Results indicated that: a) customers are not satisfied by the service in the pharmacy indicated by total servqual values of -0,227, b) dimensions of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance currently are meeting the expectations of the customers and make customers feel satisfied towards the quality of service, c) there is no increase of Customer growth (0%) during year 2014 and 2015.Conclusion: The productivity improvement efforts of Pharmacy in UMC from customers perspective are not achieved optimally, the productivity improvement is needed