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URGENSI PENGESAHAN UNDANG-UNDANG PERAMPASAN ASET TINDAK PIDANA DALAM MENCEGAH DAN MEMBERANTAS TINDAK PIDANA PENCUCIAN UANG
Full text linkA form of crime that often occurs in Indonesia is money laundering. Indonesia is declared as one of the Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories (NCTTs) countries with the threat of sanctions for termination of international banks with Indonesian banks, other countries will reject Letters of Credit (L/C) issued by Indonesian banks and Indonesian financial institutions will be charged high fees in every financial transaction with foreign institutions. Indonesia itself only criminalized money laundering in 2002 with the enactment of Law Number 15 of 2002. The Criminal Asset Forfeiture Bill is carried out by the in rem forfeiture method by asserting that a legal action is taken against the asset, not against the individual (in rem personam) with emphasis on assets allegedly derived or used in criminal acts. Allowing criminal actors to continue to control the proceeds and instruments (assets) of criminal acts will provide opportunities for criminal actors or other parties to enjoy the proceeds of crime and reuse the proceeds of crime for other crimes, so that the Criminal Asset Forfeiture Bill is indispensable in preventing and eradicating Money Laundering.
Keywords: Money Laundering, Aset Forfeiture, Follow The Money, Criminal Act
ADVANCING PROTECTION AND INDEMNITY INSURANCE (P&I CLUBS): STRENGTHENING LEGAL PROTECTION FOR INDONESIAN CARRIERS
Full text linkSea transportation is inherently exposed to various risks, including vessel damage and marine pollution caused by collisions and accidents. These risks pose significant challenges to carriers, particularly when they fall outside the scope of traditional insurance coverage. To address such gaps, shipowners have established Protection and Indemnity (P&I) Clubs, mutual associations that provide comprehensive coverage for liabilities not covered by conventional underwriters. This study explores the critical role of P&I Clubs in protecting Indonesian carriers, focusing on their rules and operational impact. It also examines the distinctions between P&I Clubs and traditional marine insurance, highlighting their complementary roles. Employing a library research method with a dogmatic legal approach, the study utilizes diverse sources, including international conventions, domestic legislation, case law, legal literature, P&I Club rules, and reputable online resources. The findings reveal that P&I Clubs offer broader and more specialized coverage than standard marine insurance, particularly in addressing pollution-related accidents. For example, P&I Clubs cover the full scope of pollution impacts, providing a level of protection unavailable through other means. The novelty of this research lies in its focused analysis of P&I Club practices in the Indonesian context, offering insights into their unique contributions to maritime risk management. By bridging the gap between legal theory and practical application, this study underscores the urgency of integrating P&I Club mechanisms into Indonesia's maritime industry, contributing to enhanced carrier protection and risk mitigation strategies
PROBLEMATIKA PRAKTIK PEMBERIAN KETERANGAN AHLI HUKUM PIDANA DALAM PEMBUKTIAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI
Full text linkExpert testimony is one of the pieces of evidence used in criminal procedural law based on the provisions of Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The testimony of criminal law experts is also used in proving corruption crimes. In practice, there are several problems related to the role of criminal law experts in proving corruption. Among the issues are allegations of non-objectiveness of experts in providing information. The information provided tends to benefit one presents it. This research uses a normative approach. The results of the study empirically found several problems in the evidentiary process using the testimony of criminal law experts. Some of these problems include: What should a criminal law expert prove, who should present an expert, whether investigators and judges are bound with the testimony of criminal law experts, whether the experts testimony is based on operational costs and honorariums, and other questions to which juridically answers have not been found.. Based on these findings, it is hoped that there wil.l be clear arrangements regarding the role of criminal law experts in proving corruption crimes.
Keywords: Criminal Law Expert, Proof, Crime of Corruption.Keterangan ahli adalah salah satu alat bukti yang digunakan dalam hukum acara pidana berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 184 KUHAP. Keterangan ahli hukum pidana juga digunakan dalam pembuktian tindak pidana korupsi. Dalam praktik, terdapat beberapa masalah yang berkaitan dengan peranan ahli hukum pidana dalam pembuktian tindak pidana korupsi. Di antara masalah tersebut adalah tudingan tidak objektifnya para ahli dalam memberikan keterangan. Keterangan yang diberikan cenderung menguntungkan siapa yang menghadirkannya. Hasil penelitian secara empirik menemukan beberapa masalah dalam proses pembuktian yang menggunakan keterangan ahli hukum pidana. Beberapa masalah itu di antaranya : Hal apa yang harus dibuktikan oleh seorang ahli hukum pidana, siapa yang seharusnya menghadirkan ahli, apakah penyidik dan hakim terikat pada keterangan ahli hukum pidana, apakah para ahli yang memberikan keterangan berkaitan dengan biaya operasional dan honorarium, serta pertanyaan-pertanyaan lainnya yang belum ditemukan jawabannya secara yuridis. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut diharapkan ada pengaturan yang jelas terkait peranan ahli hukum pidana dalam pembuktian tindak pidana korupsi
KETIMPANGAN DISTRIBUSI TANAH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN
Full text linkThe majority of land distribution in Indonesia is controlled by companies. Only 2.7 million hectares of the land are allocated for the community, while companies control the 94.8 percent of the land. The unequal distribution of land raises problems in the food security sector. This study examines the consistency of legal rules related to land distribution in the context of food security. For this reason, normative legal research is used based on secondary data collected which is analysed qualitatively using deductive logic. The policies on land distribution in supporting food security faced many obstacles and constraints because it is unable to accommodate strategic factors in the land sector, resulting in conflict of laws and regulations that have an impact on the slow distribution of agricultural land.
Keywords: Agrarian Reform, Food Security, Inequality, Land Distribution.Mayoritas distribusi tanah di Indonesia dikuasai oleh perseroan. Hanya 2,7 juta hektare yang dialokasikan bagi masyarakat, sementara 94,8 persen dikuasai oleh perseroan. Ketimpangan distribusi lahan itu memunculkan permasalahan sektor ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang implementasi dan konsistensi kaidah hukum terkait distribusi tanah dalam rangka ketahanan pangan. Untuk itu digunakan penelitian hukum normatif yang berbasis pada data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan logika deduktif. Implementasi kebijakan tentang distribusi tanah dalam menunjang ketahanan pangan mengalami banyak hambatan dan kendala, karena tidak mampu mengakomodasikan faktor faktor strategis di bidang pertanahan, sehingga mengakibatkan ketidakselarasan peraturan perundang undangan yang berdampak pada lambannya distribusi tanah pertanian
Kata Kunci: distribusi tanah, ketahanan pangan, ketimpangan, reformasi agraria.
 
INCLUSIVE CIVIL SOCIETY: ENHANCING ACCESS TO JUSTICE THROUGH COMMUNITY-BASED WITNESS AND VICTIM PROGRAMS
Full text linkWitnesses and victims are crucial elements in the criminal justice system, as their participation aids in uncovering the truth. However, in Indonesia, their protection and support remain inadequate. Many witnesses and victims face intimidation, actual threats, and potential harm. The Indonesian Agency for Witness and Victim Protection (LPSK) was established to safeguard their rights and provide protection. Despite its mandate, LPSK faces significant challenges due to Indonesia's vast territory and increasing caseloads, necessitating collaboration with local communities. To address this, the Friends of Witnesses and Victims (Sahabat Saksi dan Korban—SSK) program was created—a community-based initiative operational in seven regions to bridge the gap between LPSK and affected individuals. This study examines: (1) how community involvement facilitates protection and access to justice for witnesses and victims, and (2) the challenges faced by the SSK program in assisting communities. Using normative legal research, supported by social and conceptual approaches, data was collected through structured interviews with program participants and LPSK implementing teams. Findings reveal that the SSK program significantly enhances LPSK's outreach, providing vulnerable individuals with better access to their legal rights. Simultaneously, it fosters a sense of protection and state recognition within the community. The novelty of this research lies in its exploration of civil society's role in supporting witness and victim protection, highlighting the program’s potential as a scalable model for improving justice accessibility. This study contributes to strengthening community-state cooperation in the field of victim and witness protection in Indonesia.Witnesses and victims are crucial elements in the criminal justice system, as their participation aids in uncovering the truth. However, in Indonesia, their protection and support remain inadequate. Many witnesses and victims face intimidation, actual threats, and potential harm. The Indonesian Agency for Witness and Victim Protection (LPSK) was established to safeguard their rights and provide protection. Despite its mandate, LPSK faces significant challenges due to Indonesia's vast territory and increasing caseloads, necessitating collaboration with local communities. To address this, the Friends of Witnesses and Victims (Sahabat Saksi dan Korban—SSK) program was created—a community-based initiative operational in seven regions to bridge the gap between LPSK and affected individuals. This study examines: (1) how community involvement facilitates protection and access to justice for witnesses and victims, and (2) the challenges faced by the SSK program in assisting communities. Using normative legal research, supported by social and conceptual approaches, data was collected through structured interviews with program participants and LPSK implementing teams. Findings reveal that the SSK program significantly enhances LPSK's outreach, providing vulnerable individuals with better access to their legal rights. Simultaneously, it fosters a sense of protection and state recognition within the community. The novelty of this research lies in its exploration of civil society's role in supporting witness and victim protection, highlighting the program’s potential as a scalable model for improving justice accessibility. This study contributes to strengthening community-state cooperation in the field of victim and witness protection in Indonesia
POLITIK HUKUM KEWARGANEGARAAN INDONESIA: STUDI TERHADAP STATUS WARGANEGARA YANG MENJADI FOREIGN TERORIST FIGHTERS (FTF) ISIS
Full text linkGovernment policy reflects the extent to which Indonesian citizenship law accommodates the issue of Foreign Terrorist Fighter (FTF)s, as well as future projections of what can be done against FTF based on related laws and regulations, especially those related to citizenship laws. The method used in this study is normative juridical, with data collection through literature study. The results showed that the citizenship status of Foreign Terrorist Fighters from Indonesia based on a human rights perspective, the state can only revoke a person's citizenship based on a court decision. A person's citizenship status is a fundamental right, and a precious right, therefore, the rights of every citizen must be recognized, respected, protected, facilitated, and fulfilled by the state. In solving the problem of citizenship status of former FTF from Indonesia, it is necessary to improve performance and cooperation in the deradicalization process by all elements of the Government and Law Enforcement Officers commanded by the National Counterterrorism Agency and the development of sterile area infrastructure with a high security system to carry out the deradicalization process while carrying out the FTF citizenship status determination trial process.
Keywords: Law, Citizenship, Foreign Terrorist Fighters.Kebijakan pemerintah mencerminkan sejauh mana hukum kewarganegaraan Indonesia mengakomodir persoalan Foreign Terorist Fighters (FTF), sekaligus proyeksi kedepan apa yang dapat dilakukan terhadap FTF berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait, khususnya berkaitan dengan Undang-undang Kewarganegaraan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status kewarganegaraan FTF asal Indonesia berdasarkan persepektif Hak Asasi Manusia, negara hanya boleh mencabut kewarganegaraan seseorang atas dasar putusan pengadilan. Status kewarganegaraan seseorang adalah hak fundamental, dan hak berharga (precious rights) maka dari itu, hak setiap warga negara wajib diakui (recognized), dihormati (respected), dilindungi (protected), difasilitasi (facilitated), dan dipenuhi oleh negara. Dalam menyelesaikan masalah status kewarganegaran mantan FTF asal Indonesia diperlukan peningkatan kinerja dan kerjasama dalam proses deradikalisasi oleh seluruh elemen Pemerintahan dan Aparat Penegak Hukum dengan dikomandoi oleh Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Terorisme (BNPT) serta pembangunan infrastruktur kawasan steril dengan system keamanan tinggi untuk melakukan proses deradikalisasi sembari menjalankan proses persidangan penentuan status kewarganegaraan FTF.
Kata Kunci: Hukum, Kewarganegaraan, Foreign Terorist Fighters
CAN ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS REVOLUTIONIZE CONFLICT AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN INDONESIA?
Full text linkHumans, as Aristotle suggests, are inherently social beings ("zoon politicon"), driven to interact within society. However, Thomas Hobbes presents a contrasting view, describing humans as "homo homini lupus," indicating that human nature is inherently conflict-prone. The pursuit of individual interests often leads to legal conflicts, especially in Indonesia, where dispute resolution can be categorized into litigation and non-litigation methods. The 1999 Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution Law (Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 1999) introduced a fresh perspective on conflict resolution. Yet, this law addresses only disputes, overlooking the broader concept of conflict, which often entails more complex societal issues. Additionally, many view alternative dispute resolution (ADR) as limited to civil cases, ignoring its potential application in broader contexts. This research, employing a doctrinal legal research methodology, examines the distinction between dispute and conflict and explores the role of ADR in resolving both. The findings reveal that while ADR is primarily recognized for resolving disputes, its principles can also be applied to broader conflicts that extend beyond civil matters. The novelty of this study lies in its exploration of ADR’s potential to address not only legal disputes but also more profound societal conflicts in Indonesia. The urgency of this research is underscored by the need for an inclusive, effective approach to resolving various legal and societal challenges. The study contributes to the broader understanding of ADR's potential in reshaping Indonesia’s conflict resolution landscape
IMPLIKASI PERTANAHAN DALAM PENANGANAN KONFLIK AGRARIA DI INDONESIA
Full text linkThis research analyzes the implications of land issues in handling agrarian conflicts in Indonesia using a normative juridical analysis method. By examining legislation, court decisions, and legal experts' opinions, this study reveals the close relationship between land issues and agrarian conflicts in Indonesia. The analyzed implications of land include regulatory aspects, legal certainty, and understanding of land issues in resolving agrarian conflicts. The research findings indicate that unclear, overlapping, or conflicting legislation can hinder the resolution of agrarian conflicts. Moreover, the divergence of court decisions significantly impacts the handling of agrarian conflicts. Legal experts' opinions also provide diverse perspectives on the implications of land in the context of resolving agrarian conflicts. To achieve sustainable resolution of agrarian conflicts, effective coordination among relevant institutions is necessary to improve land regulations, ensure legal certainty, and enhance understanding of land issues. Additionally, efforts to promote dialogue and community participation need to be strengthened in handling agrarian conflicts.
Keywords: Land, Agrarian Conflict, Implications, Legal Certainty, Conflict Resolution.Penelitian ini menganalisis implikasi pertanahan dalam penanganan konflik agraria di Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode analisis yuridis normatif. Melalui pengkajian peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, dan pendapat para ahli hukum, penelitian ini mengungkapkan hubungan erat antara isu pertanahan dan konflik agraria di Indonesia. Implikasi pertanahan yang dianalisis meliputi aspek regulasi, kepastian hukum, dan pemahaman terhadap isu pertanahan dalam penyelesaian konflik agraria.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan yang belum jelas, tumpang tindih, atau berkonflik dapat mempersulit penyelesaian konflik agraria. Selain itu, keberagaman putusan pengadilan juga memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap penanganan konflik agraria. Pendapat para ahli hukum juga memberikan perspektif beragam tentang implikasi pertanahan dalam konteks penyelesaian konflik agraria.
Dalam rangka mencapai penyelesaian konflik agraria yang berkelanjutan, diperlukan koordinasi yang baik antara lembaga-lembaga terkait dalam memperbaiki regulasi pertanahan, menjaga kepastian hukum, dan meningkatkan pemahaman akan isu pertanahan. Selain itu, upaya untuk meningkatkan dialog dan partisipasi masyarakat juga perlu diperkuat dalam penanganan konflik agraria.
Kata Kunci: Pertanahan, Konflik Agraria, Implikasi, Regulasi, Kepastian Hukum, Penyelesaian Konflik
PENGUATAN PERAN PARTAI POLITIK DALAM PEMILIHAN UMUM LEGISLATIF PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 114/PUU-XX/2022
Full text linkThe Constitutional Court Decision Number 114/PUU-XX/2022 emphasizes the necessity of implementing the electoral system through proportional representation with an open list. This decision aims to strengthen the role of political parties as participants in the electoral process, ensuring high-quality and dignified elections in line with constitutional principles. Such affirmation is rooted in a critical paradigm shift for political parties as key pillars of democracy. This research employs a juridical-normative analysis approach, delving into secondary data through literature reviews. The research findings indicate the central role of the Constitutional Court as the final interpreter of the constitution and the guardian of democratic integrity. Decision Number 114/PUU-XX/2022 provides a profound interpretation of the constitution, aimed at improving the implementation of political parties' participation in elections. Although the Constitutional Court's considerations are non-executorial, its guidelines offer crucial insights into conducting democracy in line with the constitutional spirit through elections.
Keywords: Political Parties, Elections, Constitutional Court, Democracy.Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 114/PUU-XX/2022 yang menegaskan sistem pemilihan umum diselenggarakan melalui sistem proporsional dengan daftar terbuka, yang dalam pertimbangannya memberikan pandangan yang mengarah pada penguatan peran dan fungsi partai politik selaku peserta pemilihan umum agar menciptakan pemilihan umum yang berkualitas dan berintegritas sesuai dengan amanat konstitusi. Hal didasarkan pada munculnya paradigma yang kurang baik bagi partai politik sebagai instrumen demokrasi. Metode yang digunakan menguraikan tulisan ini yaitu yuridis normatif dengan pengumpulan data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai penafsir final konstitusi dan pelindung demokrasi dalam pertimbangan Putusan 114/PUU-XX/2022 memberikan tafsirannya terhadap konstitusi guna memperbaiki implementasi peran dan fungsi partai politik selaku peserta pemilihan umum dalam penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum. Walaupun pertimbangan Mahkamah Konstitusi tidak memiliki daya paksa (non-eksekutorial), tetapi pertimbangan tersebut mengarahkan pada pelaksanaan demokrasi yang sesuai dengan konstitusi melalui penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum
THE CONTROVERSY OVER MINISTRY DISSOLUTION: INSIGHTS INTO INDONESIA’S PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
Full text linkThis study examines the strengthening of presidential authority and investigates the polemics surrounding the dissolution of ministries in Indonesia, with a focus on the provisions of Law Number 39 of 2008. Employing a normative qualitative approach, the research draws on data collected through documentation, literature reviews, and interviews with officials, ministry representatives, and state studies activists in South Sulawesi and West Sulawesi. The findings highlight the critical importance of constructive collaboration and communication between the president, as the head of the executive, and parliament, as the legislature, to achieve consensus on cabinet formation. Effective dialogue fosters the creation of a cabinet composition that ensures both functionality and sufficient political support. However, the research identifies significant challenges, including a lack of transparency and limited public participation in legislative processes, as well as insufficient inter-agency collaboration in the drafting and enactment of laws. The study’s novelty lies in its exploration of the interplay between executive authority and legislative oversight in cabinet formation within Indonesia’s presidential system. By shedding light on the implications of these dynamics, the research contributes to the discourse on governance reform and emphasizes the need for enhanced institutional synergy to promote accountability and public trust