International Journal of Phytomedicine
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Ethnobotanical studies on medicinal plants used by sugalis of yerramalais in kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Get PDFIn India, the use of different parts of several medicinal plants to cure specific ailments has been practiced since ancient times. Ehanobotanical studies were carried out to collect information on the use of medicinal plants by the tribal community (Sugalis) who live in the forests of Yerramalais of Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The present paper deals with identification of 40 medicinal plants, with local names used by Sugalis for different diseases. The information about different types of medicinal plants used by them for various diseases recorded orally by interviewing the elders, Vaidyas (doctors) of that tribe by visiting their habitats called Thandas. Collected plants are stored in the Departmental Herbarium of Osmania College, Kurnool. Most of the medicinal plants are taken in as roots, tubers, stem and leaves, are taken orally with or without combination of other plants, external applications like paste, fumigation. Most of plants used by them are Herbs (42%), shrubs (20%), Trees (33%).and Climbers (5%) The most striking feature of tribal life is their simplicity. The forest is able to provide them with everything. Professionally they are peasants, food-gatherers, hunters, small farmers, and, nomads. Sugalis use medicinal plants mainly for viral fevers, skin deceases, snake & scorpion bites and stomach problems. It is observed that the urban educated people are more aware of good effects of herbal medicine over allopathic medicine than the rural people. Due to the degraded forests and depleted resources, they are migrating to urban areas for livelihood. So there is a danger of losing knowledge of medicinal plants for human welfare. Hence there is an urgent need to document and popularize the value of herbal medicine among the rural people through Vana Samrakhak Samithi and other agencies
In vitro and in vivo anti-snake venom (Daboia russelli) studies on various leaf extracts of Acalypha indica Linn.
Get PDFThe study aims to examine the Daboia russelli venom neutralization potential of the various leaf extracts of Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae) by in vitro and in vivo antisnake venom studies. In vitro HRBC membrane stabilization properties of these extracts at concentrations ranging from 2-400 μg/ml revealed inhibition of haemolysis induced by Russell’s viper venom, in a concentration dependent manner. The neutralizing potency of different leaf extracts viz., petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform and acetone extracts of Acalypha indica prepared by successive solvent extraction at intraperitoneal dose levels of 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg revealed that the acetone extract possessed the most significant activity on venom-induced lethality
Anti Urolithiatic and anti hyperlipidemic activity of Coleus aromaticus An explanation of the underlying mechanisms
Get PDFLeaves paste of Coleus aromaticus is used as a traditional remedy for urolithiasis in India. In the present study, the anti urolithiatic activity of Coleus aromaticus was investigated in ethylene glycol induced urolithiatic rats. There was a significant increase in the levels of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidneys as well as lipid levels in the blood serum. Treatment with hydro alcoholic extract of C.aromaticus leaves (CALHAE) significantly reduced cholesterol levels at 300 and 600 mg/kg, and triglyceride levels at 600 mg/kg in urolithiatic rats. Histopathalogical reports confirmed that chronic administration of CALHAE (300 and 600 mg/kg) diminished number of calcium oxalate crystals in kidneys. CALHAE has shown reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in urolithiatic rats. Moreover, CALHAE showed potent in vitro antioxidant activity in DMPD, ABTS radicals (MnO2 method). Results from these studies support the safe and effective use of C.aromaticus leaves for urolithiasis treatment
Azadirachta indica Leaf Extract Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Hepatic Glycogenosis in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Wistar Rats
Get PDFWe studied the effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (AIE) on hepatic microscopic anatomy and oxidative stress markers in diabetic rats. Seventy-five Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were randomly assigned to five treatment groups: control; diabetic; diabetic+AIE; AIE only; and diabetic+glibenclamide. Hyperglycemia was induced in fasted rats with streptozotocin. AIE was administered orally at 500 mg/kg bw/d and glibenclamide at 600 μg/kg bw/d for 50 days (50 d). Animals were sacrificed on treatment days 7, 21 and 50. The liver was stained with PAS. Hepatic markers of oxidative stress were also estimated. At 50 d, histological study of the liver of diabetic rats showed swollen PAS+ hepatocytes, whose content was confirmed to be glycogen. On the contrary, hepatocytes of AIE-treated diabetic rats lacked glycogen. The major finding in these rats was exacerbated oxidative stress. Our findings in this model showed the beneficial effect of AIE in the amelioration of diabetic hepatic glycogenosis
Monograph of Holarrhena antidysenterica (linn.) Wall
No full textHolarrhena Antidysenterica is a very significant herbal drug in Unani system of medicine and Ayurvedic system of medicine. This meticulous herb was used to treat a variety of infectious diseases especially in Staphylococcus aureus, Entamoeba histolytica and Escherichia coli. It is a large tree of 30 to 40 feet in height grows widely on the mountains. A large number of pharmacological studies have been done on the bark and seed of the tree
Gastro protective activity of Momordica cymbalaria fruits against experimentally induced gastric ulcer in rats
Get PDFThe effect of petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol extracts of unripe fruits of Momordica cymbalaria (Cucurbitaceae) was investigated in rats to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity by using three models, i.e. aspirin, alcohol and pyloric ligation induced gastric ulcer in rats. The parameters taken for assessing the anti-ulcer activity were volume of gastric secretion, PH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index. The results of the study revealed that the methanol extract of Momordica cymbalaria fruits had significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the volume of gastric acid secretion, PH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index with respect to control
Targeted isolation of alkaloid from Cyclea Peltata and determination of structural formula of Tetrandrine alkaloid based on NMR studies
Get PDFAlkaloids are group of chemical entity with proven medicinal properties. This work consolidates the procedure in isolation and structural determination of a bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid from Cyclea peltata with related NMR values and data. Dried routes of Cyclea peltata was extracted using chromatographic techniques monitored using TLC and proton NMR studies. The pure compound isolated was subjected for proton NMR, carbon NMR, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY and COSY spectral experiments. Goal is to document the methods of isolation and NMR experiments involved in structural determination. The compound isolated were bisbenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid with head to head ether bond connection and identified as “Tetrandrine”. Eventhough tetrandrine is a known compound and is reported from many other plants, this time it is isolated and reported from Cyclea peltata (H.f & T)
Antioxidant and antihyperglycemic potential of methanolic extract of bark of mimusops elengi l. In mice.
Get PDFAyurveda refers Mimusops elengi L. for the treatment of the diabetes. Considering the traditional claim of M. elengi in management of diabetes and the possible involvement of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of diabetes, the present study was aimed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antihyperglycemic property of methanolic extract of bark of M. elengi (MEMeOH). In vitro antioxidant activity of MEMeOH was evaluated using reducing power assay, DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. MEMeOH offered significant in vitro reducing power capacity and radical scavenging activity. In acute study in alloxan induced diabetes, MEMeOH exhibited significant (p< 0.001) antihyperglycemic effect. The onset of antihyperglycemic effect was observed at 2nd hr; peak activity was demonstrated at 6th hr. The antihyperglycemic effect of MEMeOH 400mg/kg, p.o. was persistent up to 24th hr after drug administration. MEMeOH produced significant (p < 0.01) reduction in elevated glucose levels in glucose loaded non diabetic animals. The onset of action in non diabetic oral glucose tolerance test was found to be at 60th min and peak activity was observed at 120th min after oral glucose load. MEMeOH demonstrated significant (p < 0.01) reduction in elevated glucose levels 2hr before glucose administration and 6 hr after glucose load in oral glucose tolerance test in diabetic animals. MEMeOH has demonstrated antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic as well as non diabetic glucose loaded mice. MEMeOH should be further explored against diabetes and related complications
Traditional medicinal plants as anticancer agents from Chhattishgarh, India: An overview
Get PDFAn attempt has been made to review some medicinal plants used for the prevention and treatment of cancer in Chhattisgarh. Information on the name of plants, family, parts used and method of preparation has been collected from Ethanobotanical literatures. Information collected has revealed 53 plants species that are used for treatment of cancer in Chhattisgarh. All these plants were further reviewed for scientific evidence, 33 plants out of 53 plants were found for possess anticancer, cytotoxic or antioxidant activity in various preclinical or clinical studies
Efficient free radical scavenging activity of Ginkgo biloba, Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous leaves through DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)
Get PDFFree radical scavenging activity of three important plants Ginkgo biloba, Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous was carried out to evaluate and explore new potential sources of natural antioxidants. For this purpose the leaves of the three plants were processed. In these experiments the order of the antioxidant activity was, maximum activity shown by methanolic extract of Ginkgo biloba followed by Parthenium hysterophorous and Stevia rebaudiana. Furthermore the ethanolic extract of Ginkgo biloba also showed maximum antioxidant activity seconded by Stevia rebaudiana and Parthenium hysterophorous