International Journal of Phytomedicine
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Preliminary Analysis of Two Medicinal Plants against causative organism of Bovine Mastitis
Get PDFBovine Mastitis is an intramammary infection which is most common among the dairy cattle and continues to be the most costly disease to the dairy farmers. Presently, antibiotics are used for treatment of mastitis leading to the development of antibiotic resistant strains and consumer health problem. The present study investigates in vitro antibacterial activity of leaves of two medicinal plants namely Cymbopogon citratus and Punica granatum L against causative organisms of bovine mastitis. Aqueous and methanol extracts of two plants were investigated by agar well-diffusion method. Methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves of Cymbopogon citrates and Punica granatum L. were found to possess potency against infectious pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis and Escherichia coli isolated locally from clinical and sub clinical samples of Mastitis from Karnataka region whereas .Phytochemical screening of the plants revealed mainly the presence of alkaloids, tannin, saponin, terpenoids and falvonoids
Antibacterial and analgesic activity of leaves of Lantana camara
Get PDFThe leaves of the plant Lantana camara were extracted with different solvents and screened for their antibacterial and analgesic activities. The chloroform and methanolic extract of the plant Lantana camara has showed the presence of four alkaloid compounds each. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using MIC method against bacteria. The analgesic activity of different extracts of Lantana camara leaves is evaluated by Eddy’s hot plate method where the responses are jumping withdrawal of paws and licking of paws. This study demonstrates that leaf powder of Lantana camara has significant antibacterial and analgesic activities
A Review on Some Potential Traditional Phytomedicine with Antidiabetic Properties
Get PDFDiabetes is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism characterized by increased fasting and post prandial blood sugar levels. The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to increase, from 4% in 1995 to 5.4% by the year 2025. WHO has predicted that the major burden will occur in developing countries? Since ancient times, plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. Ayurveda and other Indian literature mention the use of plants in treatment of various human ailments. India has about 45000 plant species and among them, several thousands have been claimed to possess medicinal properties. Research conducted in last few decades on plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for diabetes has shown antidiabetic property. In the last few years there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine and these drugs are gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural origin and less side effects. The present paper reviews some of such plants and their products (active, natural principles and crude extracts) that have been mentioned/used in the Indian traditional system of medicine and have shown experimental or clinical anti-diabetic activity. We believe that the list of medicinally important families and plants presented in this review is useful to researchers, as well as practitioners
A Convenient Mechanism for the Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Resveratrol
Get PDFResveratrol(3,5,4\u27-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a stilbenoid, a type of natural phenol, and a phytoalexin produced naturally by several plants when under attack by pathogens such as bacteria or fungi was evaluated for possible antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Different antioxidant tests were employed, namely, reducing power, chelating activity on Fe2+, free radical-scavenging, total antioxidant, superoxide radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. In addition, the results were compared with natural and synthetic antioxidants, such as α- tocopherol, ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and trolox. Resveratrol exhibited a strong reducing power, chelating activity on Fe2+, free radical-scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. Antioxidant activity of resveratrol increased with increased concentrations.Total antioxidant activity of resveratrol and both standards decreased in the order of α-tocopherol > resveratrol > trolox > BHA > BHT. This study showed that resveratrol exhibited antioxidant activity in all tests and could be considered as a source of natural antioxidants
Antioxidant, haemolytic activities and GC-MS profiling of Carissa carandas roots.
Get PDFThe antioxidant potential of the plant Carissa carandas roots extracted with different polarity based solvents was assessed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the measurement of total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, IC50 and antioxidant activity in linoleic acid system. The plant material contained the TPC (1.79-4.35 GAE mg/g of dry extract), TFC (1.91-3.76 CE mg/g of dry extract), DPPH radical scavenging activity, IC50 (12.53-84.82 %) and % inhibition of peroxidation in linoleic acid (41.0-89.21 %) system respectively. Furthermore the antioxidant effectiveness of extracts was assessed using corn oil (CO) as the oxidation substrate. The oxidative alterations were evaluated by the measurement of conjugated diene (CD), conjugated triene (CT), panisidine, free fatty acid (FFA) and peroxide values (PV). The cytotoxicity of the plant extracts were assessed against human red blood cells (RBCs) and the % lysis was found to be in the range of 1.01-6.10 %. The GC-MS analysis of n-hexane extract was also profiled. It was concluded that extracts of plant roots may be used as potential source of antioxidant agents in food industries
Anti-viral and in-vitro free radical scavenging activity of leaves of Rubia cordifolia
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to develop the pharmacognostical parameters and phytochemical screening along with histological studies and the leaf powder of Rubia cordifolia. The dried leaves of Rubia cordifolia. (Family: Rubiaceae) were subjected to standardization by following pharmacognostical and phytochemical screening methods. Rubia cordifolia was investigated for preliminary phytochemical analysis and characterization by various instrumental techniques. Methanolic extracts of Rubia cordifolia leaves was very good antibacterial activity and also minimum inhibitory concentrating of different virus using HEL cell cultures, HeLa cell cultures and Vero cell cultures but MIC of Herpes simplex - 1 and 2, vaccinia virus, vesicular stomatitis and Herpes simplex- 1 (TK ACVI) were observed very good antiviral activity of Rubia cordifolia leaves DMSO extracts has good minimum cytotoxic concentration activity and also screening for various pharmaceuticals activities. Such as anti oxidant and microbial activities
Studies on antitussive effect of Tectona grandis roots using a cough model induced by sulfur dioxide gas in guinea pigs
Get PDFObjectives: Anti-tussive drugs are among the most widely used medications world wide; however no new class of drugs has been introduced into the market by keeping this point in mind. This attempt is made by testing a root of a well known timber tree Tectona grandis. Materials and methods: Here in, we have analyzed the polar compounds of Tectona grandis roots using chemical and biological methods. In this study, in vivo antitussive activity of root extracts (methanol and water) of Tectona grandis Linn. f. (Verbenaceae) was evaluated using a cough model induced by sulfur dioxide gas in rats. Results and Discussion: Treatment with aqueous extract and methanol extract at 500 mg/kg p.o. dose level showed more anti-tussive effect as compared with the dose level of 250mg/kg p.o. Differences between means were assessed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA),followed by Dunnett’s test using sigma stat software. Both the extracts (methanol and water) significantly (P<0.05) suppressed the asthmas at the dose level of 500mg/kg.Phytochemical tests showed that methanol and water extracts tested positive for carbohydrates, reducing sugars, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, sterols and saponins. Conclusion: This study provides a scientific basis on ethno medical uses of this plant. Further exploration in drug development of antitussives from Tectona grandis can focus on the purity activity relationships (PAR studies)
Phytochemical and Pharmacological potential of Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T.Aiton (Fabaceae)
Get PDFThe Flemingia genus is an important source of medicinal natural products, particularly Flavonoids and steroids. The collected information is an attempt to cover the more recent developments in the ethnobotany, pharmacology and phytochemistry of this genus. The review includes 39 references on the genus Flemingia, and comprises ethnopharmacology, morphology, phytoconstituents, pharmacological reports, clinical study and adverse effects of the prominent species of Flemingia. A few species of this genus have medicinal value, among these, F.strobilifera ,F.macrophylla, F.chappar (Fabaceae) have been traditionally used in the treatment of epilepsy, insomnia, ulcer, pain ,swelling. Despite a long tradition of use of some species, the genus has not been explored properly. In the concluding part, the future scope of Flemingia species has been emphasized with a view to establish their multifarious biological activities and mode of action. The information summarized here is intended to serve as a reference tool to practitioners in the fields of ethnopharmacology and natural products chemistry
A study on the antibacterial effect of selected medicinal plants of Western Ghats against dental caries bacteria
Get PDFThis study was conducted to reveal the antibacterial effect of selected medicinal plants from Western Ghats against dental caries bacteria and aware the populace about the importance of using phytomedicines. In this study, the antibacterial effects of nine well known medicinal plants were checked against the dental caries bacteria using well diffusion method. The highest zonation was reported in acetone and methanol extracts. The Chloroform and ethanol extracts revealed sensible activity and water extracts were produced least inhibitory activity. Acetone extract of Eucalyptus gained high inhibitory activity against Bacillus megaterium. While Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance to all the extracts of Syzygium aromaticum
Ethnopharmacognastical Investigation on Ipomoea pes-tigridis Linn
Get PDFThe present investigation was undertaken to analyze the Pharmacognostical, physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical profile in the leaves and roots of Ipomoea pes-tigridis Linn. with the back ground of Ethnic importance. This plant is used by the tribes of Nellore district as a single drug remedy to treat as Laxative and skin diseases. In the present work the leaf and root part of the plant were subjected to various microscopical and physico- preliminary phyto chemical evaluations. In the microscopical studies, the different cell structures and arrangements were studied. Physicochemical parameters like loss on drying, total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water insoluble ash, various extractive values etc., were carried out. Further, qualitative tests for various functional groups like Triterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides etc..., were carried out