International Journal of Phytomedicine
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Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical screening of Cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata)
No full textVigna unguiculata (Cow pea) is well known medicinal plant. The drug isolated from this plant is used in different science of medicines like, ayurveda, unani, sidda, allopathic, homeopathic and naturopathic therapy. The present investigation deals with pharmacognostic and phytochemical screening of the seeds of Vigna uguiculata. The pharmacognostic studies include physicochemical constant and fluorescence analysis. The petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts are subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The physicochemical constants obtained were found to be within normal levels prescribed by phytochemical standards. The phytochemical studies of seeds of Vigna uguiculata revealed the presence of primary and secondary metabolites like proteins, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols,flavonoids, saponins, sterols and alkaloids. The flavonoid content of methanol extract was found to be 621± 2.494 µg rutin/g. These studies provide a referential information for identification of this crude drug and the results are helpful for the isolation of medicinally important active components
The anti-diabetic potentials of methanolic extract of Ficus mollis leaves in alloxan induced diabetic rats
No full textObjective: The present study was designed to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of the extract against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: In acute study, hypoglycemic potency of methanolic extract of Ficus mollis was assessed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and in chronic study of 21 days, extract at different doses ( ie 100, 200 and 400mg/kg) was screened for its anti-diabetic activity. Blood glucose level had been estimated at 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st and addition to this serum concentrations of insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT and urea determined at 21st day of the study. Results: In OGTT, standard glibenclamide and extract (200 and 400mg/kg) have shown significant reduction in blood glucose level compared to control group. In chronic model the methanolic extract was more effective in reducing the blood glucose levels (P<0.001) and effect was comparable to that of standard. The extract could also significantly (P<0.001) reduce concentrations of SGOT, triglycerides, cholesterol and urea in serum and significantly (P<0.001) increased the insulin level in blood which proves beneficial effects of the extract in diabetes. The change in concentrations of SGPT and urea were less significant (P>0.01). Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Ficus mollis posses significant antidiabetic activity in alloxan induced diabetic animal model
Role of Indigenous Arqiyat Distillery in conservation of Rosa species
No full textCultivation of Rosa damascene in Pakistan is not a common practice. It was a common shrub of salt range and adjacent subtropical zone of Pakistan. Due to over grazing, agricultural expansion, increase in population and habitat loss a lot of its population has lost in the region [4, 5, 6]. Nevertheless, it’s quite abundantly grown in the outskirts of Kallar Kahar Lake where there few distilleries exist since last 300 years. Arqiyat are produced in these distilleries, of which Arqe Gulab is the famous one (Fig. 1 & Fig. 2). Main objective of this short communication is to revealed on traditional and scientific communities that traditional medicinal knowledge and use of such distilleries play a vital role in the conservation of many species including Rosa damascene
Hepatoprotective effect of edible Oyster mushroom Pleurotus cornucopiae against Sodium Arsenite induced hepatotoxicity in rats
No full textArsenic poisoning in ground water had been major challenge for the mankind in arsenic hit areas. In India, this problem is a big alarm in the entire Gangetic belt. The arsenic poisoning through drinking water has caused lots of health hazards to humans especially related hepato-biliary. This present study was carried out to investigate the therapeutic role of the ethanolic extract of Pleurotus cornucopiae on Sodium Arsenite induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sodium Arsenite at the dose of 8mg/kg-1 body weight orally caused liver damage in rats as manifested by the significant rise in serum levels of Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Serum Glutamate Oxalate Transaminase (SGOT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Bilirubin levels compared with control. Oral administration of 400mg extracts of P. cornucopiae (/kg) for 30 days to Sodium Arsenite treated rats showed significant ameleoration in these levels. Thus, the entire study reveals that ethanolic extract of P. cornucopiae at the dose of 400 mg/kg-1 body weight shows hepatoprotective effect against arsenic induced toxicity
Heavy Metals in Selected Medicinal Plants Originated in Dana Biosphere Reserve, Jordan
No full textHeavy Metals in Selected Medicinal Plants Originated in Dana Biosphere Reserve, Jorda
Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Screening of the Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts of Spondias Mombin
No full textEthnobotany has brought about the rudimentary drugs derived from plants used in folk medicines and have been found to be beneficial in the treatment of many diseases, both physical and mental. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the medicinal potenciesof the stem bark and leaf extract of Spondiasmombin against some bacteria isolates of medical implications. These organisms include Klebsiellapneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacilluscereus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The agar well diffusion assay was used while petroleum ether, ethanol and methanol were used as the solvents for the extraction of the bioactive compounds. At a concentration of 35mg/ml of the extracts, the zones of inhibition in petroleum ether and ethanolic bark extracts was recorded as 0.0 mm and 24.0 mm respectively while methanolic leaf extract of S. mombin against K.pnenmoniae was 25.0mm. The zone of inhibition of the ethanolic bark extract of S.mombin against P. aeruginosa was 32.0 mm while E. coli, S.aureus, B. cereus were 20.0 mm, 20.0 mm and 30.0 mm respectively. The ethanolic extract also inhibited E. coli, S.aureus, K.pneumoniae and P.aeruginosa at 12.0 mm,15.0 mm,24.0 mm,24.0 mm respectively. However, petroleum ether extract of both the stem bark and the leaf had no effect on the test organisms.The result of the phytochemical screening shows the presence of anthraquinone, steroids, phlobatannins in the ethanolicstem bark extract which is the more reason for its pronounced antimicrobial potencies against the selected pathogenic microorganisms. Also, the presence of tannin and terpenoid in the petroleum ether and methanolic leaf extract of the sample was equally noticed
Standardization of DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays with six reference compounds for estimating antioxidant capacity of the tomato extracts using an ultrasound assisted extraction
No full textComparative calibrating of the antioxidant power of standard compounds, including gallic acid, catechin, Trolox, α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and BHT were assessed by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays to determine total antioxidant activity of ten varieties of tomato extracts using ultrasound assisted extraction. Similar trends in their scavenging activities were found, resulted in the following rank; gallic acid > catechin > trolox > α-tocopherol > ascorbic acid > BHT. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic parts of the extracts were given in these assays in association with using hexane and 50% (v/v) methanol as their efficient extraction solvents, respectively. Their averaged values of the ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacities (AEAC, µmol ascorbic acid/100g DW) were relatively confined in the same ranges of 1341.8-1834.5, 1334.2-2194.8 and 930.7-1734.7 for DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively. In addition, both contents of total phenolics and ascorbic acid known as major deals of antioxidants were also determined, indicating highly existing constituents of the natural antioxidants
Determination, identification of bioactive compounds extracts from yellow banana peels and used in vitro as antimicrobial
No full textIn this study, bioactive compounds of six solvent different extracts, from the dry yellow banana peels were present. Methanol was the best solvent extraction .The yield extract , total phenolic content and flavonoids concentration were 1.96 g, 81.89 mg G.A./g and 55.44mg RU/g from extract . The FT-IR spectra were recorded pronounced peaks belonging to the vibration of 3361 cm-1, 1662 cm-1and 1231 cm-1 in the spectra corresponds to the characterized peaks of flavonoids. GC-Ms chromatography clearly show the presence 17 component This analysis revealed that methanolic extract contain Pyrogallol (22.24%), Cis-9-Hexadecenal (21.20%) , Pentadecanoic acid (18.81%), Benzoic acid (16.04%) , Octadecanoic acid (6.18%) and Cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid (4.40%) . 300 mg / ml concentration from methanolic extract had broad inhibitory spectrum against gram positive and negative bacteria , yeast and molds
Antioxidant potential of polar and non polar solvent extracts of Aphanamyxis polystachya in vitro
No full textAphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) Parker, vernacularly called “Amoora rohituka” is a medicinal plant belonging to the family of Meliaceae and appearing among Indian natural drugs used as remedy as an astringent and applied on swelling after a fall. In recent times anti carcinogenic ingredients are found from this plant. The search for safe therapeutic molecules suitable for long term use are most needed today to prevent the progression of free radical mediated diseases. Hence, the antioxidant activity of polar and non-polar solvent extracts of the leaf of Aphanamixis polystachya was evaluated in a series of in vitro assay involving free radicals and reactive oxygen species. The extract exhibited its scavenging effect in concentration dependent manner depending on the solvent extract on superoxide anion radicals, DPPH radical scavenging and property of metal chelating and reducing power. The extract has shown considerably good value for total reducing power, total phenolics, flavanoids and flavanol content
Ethanomedicinal properties of Euphorbiaceae family- A comprehensive review
No full textEthanomedicine is the study of traditional medical practice which is concerned with the cultural interpretation of health, diseases and illness and also addresses the healthcare seeking process and healing practices. Euphorbiaceae is among the large flowering plant families consisting of a wide variety of vegetative forms some of which are plants of great importance. The family Euphorbiaceae is assessed taxonomically and phylogenetically in the light of different disciplines of botany. This article provides ethanomedicinal properties of 103 members of Euphorbiaceae family, it includes botanical name, local name, plant parts used for treatment and their reported activity. This study has revealed that Euphorbiaceae members act as an effective remedy for many diseases like diaheria, jaundice, diabetes, inflammation, etc