International Journal of Phytomedicine
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The Antibacterial Effect of Qutran (wood Tar) from Olive Trees on Pathogenic Bacteria
No full textAmongst the folklore medicine in Saudi Arabia, the tar preparation which is locally known as Qutran comes from various trees and has been used for a number of ailments in humans as well as in animals. This product is commercially produced and marketed in local shops selling herbs or herbal products but the source of this product is not mentioned. Three Gram positive and two Gram negative bacteria were exposed to various concentrations of Qutran and the growth inhibition was determined by the disk and agar diffusion method and enumeration of colony forming units by micro-dilution procedure. Both the Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms showed a great sensitivity in terms of reduction in colony forming unit counts (CFU). Disk and agar diffusion assays showed a phenomenal inhibition of bacterial growth to Gram positive but lesser inhibition of bacterial growth in Gram negative bacteria. It was observed by the enumeration of CFU counts that the Qutran exerts more growth inhibition (killing effect) on Gram positive microorganisms than onto Gram negative bacteria. This effect could be taken as action on the mucopeptide content of Gram positive bacteria than its presence in the trilaminar cell walls of Gram negative bacteria. The minimal biocidal activity (MBC) of Qutran towards the Gram positive microorganisms tested was determined as ≤0.625mg/ml, while the Gram negative microorganisms showed no growth above 1.25mg/ml
A complete profile on Chimphila umbellata-traditional uses, pharmacological activites and phytoconstituents
No full textIndian medicinal plants are used as ancient style of providing helps too many ailments. Presently, variant peoples are looking on healthful plants for his or her primary health care wishes. The current review designates the morphological, ethnopharmacological aspects and active principles of Chimaphila umbellata Linn. Being it\u27s a vital healthful plant in Indian medication this are supposed to vary medical specialty activities like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal and skin sensitizing activities. Different active constituents such as quinones, polyphenols, tannins, sterols, flavonoids, triterpenes, chimphilin, arbutin, toluquinol, renifolin, taraxerol, arbutin, isohomoarbutin, quercetin, ursolic acid, β-sitosterol and hyperoside are a unit to date according in Chimaphila umbellata. Well conducted biological studies area unit still required for many indications of this species. This review is useful to make interest towards Chimaphila umbellata and should be helpful in rising new formulations with additional therapeutic and economical worth
Tropical phytotherapeutic treatment for achieving knee symmetry in osteoarthritis – A sustainable approach
No full textThroughout the world a large number of patients suffering from osteoarthritis are undergoing knee surgery and knee replacement every year. Though the surgery or replacement methods are expensive , these cannot make both knees symmetrical in all anatomical measurements.The present paper , reports for the first time , a noble method ,alternative to knee surgery by topical applications of phytoconstituents.The treatment involves topical applications of phytoconstituents from medicinal plants by manually applied with wooden roller and pluse-therapy technique for a period of 42days. The patients recover completely from osteoarthritis pain and both their knees become symmetrical anatomically , supported by pathological and radiological observations
Plants with potential anticancer activities - a Review
No full textThis article has been made to review some medicinal plants used for the treating cancer disease .The plant sources of India are likely to provide effective anticancer agents. Herbs have a vital role in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Examples are provided in this review of promising bioactive compounds obtained from various plants with medicinal and other therapeutic uses. The photochemical exploration of these herbs has contributed to some extent in this race for the discovery of new anticancer drugs. In recent years owing to the fear of side effects people prefer to use of natural plant products for cancer treatment. This review also helps to summarize the diverse methodologies and various ways to evaluate the potential natural compounds having anticancer activity. Although drug discovery from medicinal plants continues to provide an important source of new drug leads, numerous challenges are encountered including the procurement of plant materials and their selection
In vitro antioxidant potential of Ethanolic extract of Hypericum hookerianum and its Glycosidic Flavonoid enriched extract
No full textHypericum hookerianum in current scenario have been targeted for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This study was undertaken to assess the in vitro antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of H.hookerianum and its glycosidic flavonoid enriched extract. Dried aerial parts of H.hookerianum were extracted with ethanol using soxhlet apparatus. Glycosidic flavonoid enriched extract (GFHH) was separated by acid hydrolysis from ethanolic extract of H.hookerianum (EEHH) and performed thin layer chromatography (TLC). Total flavonoid content was determined spectrophotometrically in EEHH and GFHH. In vitro antioxidant potential of EEHH and GFHH were evaluated by various free radical scavenging methods like 1,1-Diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2’-azino bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), Super oxide (O2.-), Nitric oxide(NO), 2,2-azo bis (2- amidino propane) di hydro chloride (AAPH), hydroxyl radicals (OH.) assays and compared with standard quercetin. Flavonoids (quercetin and rutin) present in the plant extracts was confirmed by TLC. Total flavonoid content (TFC) was quantified in both the extracts and the concentration of flavonoid was high in GFHH when compared with EEHH extract. In DPPH assay IC 50 values for EEHH and GFHH were 23.03 µg/ml ±0.21 and 26.45 µg/ml ±0.42 respectively. EEHH and GFHH exhibited potent scavenging effects against ABTS with an IC50 values of 8.68±0.65 μg /ml and 7.38±0.72 μg / ml which are comparatively equivalent to that of standard quercetin IC50 ( 7.17 ±0.76 μg / ml). In SO assay, IC50 values for EEHH and GFHH was found to that 48.42 µg/ml ±0.45 and 29.48 µg/ml ±0.45 respectively, in NO scavenging assay IC 50 values for EEHH and GFHH were 7.75 µg/ml ±0.45 and 7.3 µg/ml ±0.21 respectively, in AAPH assay IC 50 values for EEHH and GFHH were 8.002 µg/ml ± 0.45 and 7.3 µg/ml ±0.21 respectively, in HRSA assay IC50 values for EEHH, GFHH and standard were 17.17 ± 0.82 μg/ ml, 15.18 ± 0.92 μg/ ml and 12.17 μg/ ml respectively. In all in vitro assays, the potential of the radical scavenging is as follows: EEHH < GFHH < quercetin. Results obtained in the present study have confirmed the antioxidant potential of EEHH and GFHH due to its flavonoidal constituent. These findings support the use of H.hookerianum in traditional medicine for treating neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative stress
Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extracts
No full textDuring the last decade, the use of traditional medicine has expanded globally and is gaining popularity. Traditional medicines are used not only for primary health care of the poor in developing countries, but also in countries where conventional medicine is predominant in the national health care system. The herbal medicines serve the health needs of about 80% of the world’s population. Gymnema sylvestre is an herb native to the tropical forests of southern and central India and Sri Lanka. It belongs the family Asclepiadaceae. Chewing the leaves suppresses the sensation of sweet. This effect is attributed to the presence of the compound named as gymnemic acids. The results of present study clearly indicate the presence of different phytochemical compounds and antibacterial activity of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of leaves. The active compound of the plant is a group of acids termed as gymnemic acid. Secondary metabolites like alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics, steroids and flavonoids play an important role in the plant activities. Presence of these compounds of plant which could be of considerable interest to the development of new drugs
Phytochemical Screening and Acute Toxicity Study of Cucumis metuliferus E. Mey. Ex. Naudin Fruit Extract in Cockerels
No full textThe ripe fruits of Cucumis metuliferus were collected at Vom, Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State, cleaned, sliced, air-dried, pulverised and cold extracted with solvents of different polarities (n-hexane, chloroform, methanol and distilled water). The ground powder and the extracts obtained were phytochemically screened for their chemical composition. These revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, steroids and terpenoids. The median lethal dose (LD50) of the methanol extract was determined in chicken by oral (p.o) and intra-peritoneal (i.p) routes. An LD50 above 5000 mg/kg body weight was established for both routes, indicating that probably the fruit of C. metuliferus is not toxic
Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant properties of an invasive weed - Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robinson
No full textChromolaena odorata (L.) King & Rob. native to Tropical America belongs to Asteraceae family, is an invasive weed to Indian context. It spreads all across and started engulfing the forest fringes in Andhra Pradesh and other several states in India. With a view to positive utilization of the invasive weeds, the present work was initiated to study the phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antioxidant, activities of ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and aqueous extracts of Chromolaena odorata leaves. Phoytochemicals like Saponins, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Steroids and Tannins were present in the ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts where as acetone and methanol extracts were positive for Flavonoids and Alkaloids. The ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts showed relatively more antibacterial activity than positive control streptomycin by exhibiting larger zone of diameter against Proteus mirabilis MTCC-425, Bacillus megaterium MTCC-428 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC-441. Ethyl acetate (58.34%) and aqueous (56.8%) extracts exhibited more antioxidant activity than the standard ascorbic acid (50.67%). The results revealed that the leaf extracts of Chromolaena odorata contains bioactive compounds having antimicrobial activity and so useful in human medicine
Impact of Turmeric as Dietary approach on HER2 expression in blood of Gastric cancer Patients
No full textCurcumin as an active ingredient of turmeric acts as repressor against proteins expressed in cancerous cell. However, due to poor absorption, little is known about the effect of curcumin on HER2 expression in blood. A blood samples were drawn from ten subjects of gastric cancer aged 37 to 80 years using turmeric as random doses in diet. For hypothesising of study, subjects were convinced to use a constant dose (500 mg) of turmeric twice in a day till the five days and then blood was drawn. Out of ten, three subjects had detectable curcumin, whereas in blood of nine subjects including three showed overexpression of HER2 status (>15 ng/ml) at random doses of turmeric. At constant dose (500 mg) of turmeric, six subjects out of ten had increasing curcumin level with decreasing HER2 status in blood, whereas in two subjects, HER2 status was remain unchanged due to no detection of curcumin. In other two subject underwent for chemotherapy had low HER2 status without curcumin detection. An inverse relation of curcumin holds on HER2 status in blood of four subjects with different body mass of same age group after taking constant doses of turmeric powder. The curcumin bioavailability in blood depending on higher doses of turmeric and physical status of subjects may inhibit the HER2 expression
Validated HPTLC method for standardization of an ayurvedic powdered formulation-Panchsakar churna
No full textObjective: Panchsakar Churna is a marketed ayurvedic powdered formulation containing Cassia angustifolia and Terminalia chebula as the main ingredients. Present study aims to standardize Panchsakar Churna based upon chromatographic and spectral studies. Methods: This study developed an efficient and reliable high performance thin layer chromatographic method for quantification of Sennoside B and Gallic acid in Panchsakar Churna. The developed method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, sensitivity and purity. Results: Linearity of peak area was tested in the range 0.310-3.100µg/spot (r=0.9835) and 0.200-2.000 µg/spot (r=0.9929), Accuracy was assessed with recovery and the recoveries were 99.909-100.330 % and 99.690-100.562 % (n=3 for each sample), Precision were 0.257-2.580 and 0.425-2.201, sensitivity was determined with respect to limit of detection and limit of quantification, limit of detection were 73.7634 ng/spot and 50.1556 ng/spot, while limit of quantification were 245.8781ng/spot and 167.1853ng/spot, purity of the spot were 0.9984-0.9999 (r) and 0.9977-0.9998 (r) respectively for Sennoside B and Gallic acid. Conclusion: Sennoside B and Gallic acid can be used as possible marker compound for standardization of Panchsakar Churna