International Journal of Phytomedicine
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A Study on the Ethanolic Extracts of Red Seaweed- Gracilaria corticata (J.Agardh) J. Agardh, to Assess the Antiproliferative Activity and Morphological Characterization of Apoptosis on HeLa Cell lines
No full textMarine algae are excellent source of bioactive compounds that can be used as an alternative source for finding novel anti-cancer molecules. Gracilaria corticata, red algae from Surathkal beach, Karnataka were studied for their anti-proliferative activities and their morphological characterization on HeLa cells were assessed. Cytotoxicity of the algal ethanolic extracts on HeLa cells were assayed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction method. Morphological assessment was done by examinations with Hoechst staining and acid vacuoles were determined using acridine orange. Induction of apoptosis was studied using caspase activity. Based on IC50value, further morphological assessment was carried out and apoptosis was confirmed using Hoechst 33342 staining and acridine orange staining respectively. Treated cells became round with blebbings with condensed nuclei. Acidic lysosomal vacuoles formation occurred in treated cells. These red algae were able to suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis-- mediated cell death with induction of initial stages of apoptosis in HeLa cell lines. Thus, this seaweed can be a potent candidate for isolating new green drug anticancer molecules. However, further characterization at the molecular and structural levels are required
In- vivo diuretic and antiulcer activity in fruits of Buchanania lanzan
No full textEthnopharmacological relevance: The fruits of Buchanania lanzan are used traditionally in the treatment of skin afflictions, sores, ulcers, inflammation and as diuretic (1,21,35,42). The aim of the study was to investigate the antiulcer and diuretic activity of the crude ethanolic and pet. ether extract from the fruits of Buchanania lanzan. Materials and methods: The antiulcer activity of the crude extracts was evaluated in ethanol and pylorus ligation induced model for gastric lesions in Wister albino rats (2,8,12,19). Parameters such as gastric volume, pH and acidity were determined in the pylorus ligation model. Furthermore the diuretic activity was evaluated in comparison of Standard drug i.e. Furosemide. Results: The acute toxicity studies revealed that LD50> 2000mg/kg for the extract. The extract caused a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of ulcer in the ethanol and pylorus ligation induced ulcer models at the dose of 250mg/kg, respectively. And the diuretic activity of extract also found significant (p<0.01) dose dependent increase in urine volume. Both ethanol and aqueous extracts have showed a significant dose-dependent increase in the excretion of electrolytes when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our data provide a rational base for the folkloric use of Buchanania lanzan in the treatment of ulcers and as diuretic
Role of protective Pelargonium Sidoides root extract and Curcumin on Mushroom poisoning: An Experimental study in rats
No full textPhalloidin is a cyclic heptapeptide containing cysteine amino acids. The toxicity of phallodin is attributed to the sulfur atom of the sulfur in the indole ring of the molecule and it is responsible for acute gastroenteritis occurring during the initial period of poisoning. Pelargonium sidoides, reinforcing the immune system, antiviral, has antibacterial properties as well as antioxidant properties.The aim of this study is to investigate the protective role of Pelargonium sidoides and Curcumin against mushroom poisoning. 28 Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I; Along the study, 0.2 ml saline was administered intraperitoneally to the rats .Group II (phalloidin, 0.5 mg / kg) were administered for 5 days of study. Group III : From the beginning to the end of the study, 0.5 mg / kg phalloidin i.p.,0,2 ml/kg pelargonium sidoides were administered orally. Group IV : From the beginning to the end of the study, 0.5 mg / kg phalloidin intraperitoneally,0.2 ml/kg Curcumin were administered orally.At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed. The blood of the rats was taken. İn serum Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), Paraxonase (PON), Arylesterase (ARE) ,Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) , Xhanthine oxidase (XO),Protein Karbonyl (PC), Malondialdehyde(MDA), Nitric oxide (NO), were measured by spectrophotometry. In Group II, MDA, , PC levels and XO activity increased significantly compared to Group I. (p<0.05).PS and Curcumin treatment ameliorated some enzyme levels (SOD, GSH-px, PON, ADA ) in serum with phalloidin induced rats. Values of Group III approached Group I. Phalloidin increases toxic ROS. Pelargonium sidoides and Curcumin are antioxidant, antitoxic. And They such as silibin can protective against mushroom poisoning
Protective role of Broccoli powder against continuous ingestion of Escitalopram antidepressant drug induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino male mice
Full text linkTo investigate the protective role of broccoli powder “Brassica Oleracea Italica” against continuous ingestion of escitalopram antidepressant drug induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino male mice. Mice were divided into different groups. Group1: Normal control (0.9% NaCl), Group 2: Escitalopram drug treated only (20 mg/kg), Group 3: Broccoli powder with Escitalopram drug treated (200 mg/kg + 20 mg/kg), Group 4: Olive oil vehicle control, Group 5: Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) referenced as positive control (33 mg/kg), Group 6: Broccoli powder with CCl4 treated (200 mg/kg + 33 mg/kg). The effect of these groups on liver tissue was studied after three different time periods for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The results showed that the treatment with escitalopram drug displayed significantly increased serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP level and alter liver antioxidant enzymes level (LPO, SOD and GSH) that are comparable with CCl4intoxicated group considered as positive control. Comparing escitalopram drug treated group with group that received both broccoli powder and escitalopram drug displayed a significant decrease in serum SGOT, SGPT, ALP levels and restored the level of antioxidant enzymes. The protective effect of broccoli powder on escitalopram drug induced hepatotoxicity was also supported by histopathological studies
Protective role of Limonium bonduelli extract against non-enzymatic peroxidation in brain and testes induced by iron in vitro.
No full textInfertility and Neurodegerative diseases have been linked to oxidative stress arising from peroxidation of membrane biomolecules and high levels of iron have been reported to play an important role. The present study sought to determine the antioxidant activity and protective ability of n-butanol extract of Limonium bonduelli on lipid peroxidation induced by FeSO4 in rat brain and testes homogenates in vitro. n-butanol extract of the aerial parts (leaves and flowers) was prepared, and the ability of the extract to inhibit FeSO4 induced lipid peroxidation in isolated rat brain and testes was determined using spectrophotometric method. The study revealed that the extract inhibited malondialdehyde (MDA) production in FeSO4 induced lipid peroxidation in the brain and testes in a dose-dependent manner and the highest percentage of the inhibition was 89.80% similar to vitamin C in the same concentration (100 µg/mL) in brain and 82.33% in testes (200 µg/mL). Limonium bonduelli extract demonstrated important anti-lipid peroxidative effect, which may be useful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress related diseases. The higher inhibitory effect of the extract could be attributed to its phytochemical content
A supposed mechanism of synergistic action of catechol-containing natural polyphenols
No full textOver the past decades, accumulated evidences have been published about different synergistic biological activities between natural dietary polyphenols. Although these effects could be physiologically important in chemoprevention, cardioprotection and neuroprotection, but probably also in treatment of serious chronic diseases, such as cancer, the exact mechanisms behind this potentiation have still remained largely unknown. In this article, supposition about the involvement of phase II metabolic enzyme, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), in the synergistic action of catechol-containing polyphenols is proposed. Serving as substrates, these compounds can also behave as COMT inhibitors suppressing the O-methylation of the other catechol-containing component in the combined mixture. At that, negative feedback by the increased amount of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine generated from the methyl-group donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine during the enzymatic conversion can play an important role. Presuming that O-methylated conjugates are in general biologically less active than their unmetabolised counterparts, cotreatment of cells with combination of two catecholic natural agents can lead to a superior effect as compared to the administration of either compound alone. This mechanism can provide an explanation to the beneficial synergistic effects described for green tea extracts in chemoprevention or red wine consumption in protection of cardiovascular system in comparison with their single components tested separately. However, as currently only little is known about the possible biological activities of O-methylated conjugates of dietary polyphenolic phytochemicals, their nature and effects definitely need to be further studied. These results could prove (or disprove) the hypothesis raised in this article but also contribute to the development of physiologically or even clinically useful mixtures of polyphenols with catechol structure in the future
Estrogenic and anxiolytic effects of the decoction of stem bark of Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC (Meliaceae) in ovariectomised Wistar rats
No full textKhaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC (Meliaceae) is a plant used in Cameroon to alleviate vaginal dryness in postmenopausal women and is also known to have anxiolytic properties.This work was designed to evaluate estrogen-like effects of this plant on primary estrogens targets of ovariectomized adult rats, as well as to evaluate its anxiolytic activities in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test. In the 3-day uterotrophic assay, the extract increased (p < 0.01) the size of the vaginal epithelia and stimulated the acini differentiation of the mammary gland. In the EPM test, the extract increased the percentage of number of entries (p <0.05; p <0.01) and the percentage of time spent (p < 0.05) into open arms.Italso induced a decrease in percentage of number of entries (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) and the percentage of time spent (p < 0.05) into closed arms. The extract also induced an increase of total arms entries (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) and rearing (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was a decrease of defecation and grooming (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). These results suggest that K. anthotheca is endowed with estrogenic and anxiolytic properties, likely due to the presence of some estrogen-like compounds
Identification of alkaloids in methanol extract from leaves of Semenovia suffruticosa when humic substances were added to its root soil in the primary growth
No full textAlkaloids are a group of natural compounds originally found in plants. Suffruticosa is a species of the genus Semenovia, the Apiaceous family, a native herb in Iran. In this family, alkaloids are found rarely. Humic substances application to the root soil at the beginning of plant growth improves quality, productivity and physical properties of the soil. Accordingly, humic substances were added separately to the root soil of the samples and other samples were selected as the blank plant sample in the distance of 50 cm. Methanol extracts were prepared from dried and powdered leaf samples. The crude alkaloid solution was extracted from methanol extract with 2 % sulfuric acid, dense ammonia and chloroform. The crude alkaloid solution was passed gradiently with mixture solvents of methanol and chloroform through a chromatography column. The output samples of the chromatography column were analyzed by FT-IR, UV-Vis, and TLC and GC-MS techniques. Pyrimido [1, 2-a] quinoxalinone and 1, 3,8-triisopropyl-6-methyl-2,7-naphthyridine alkaloids were identified in both samples and the extracted humic acid (0.513% and 0.979% respectively) and the Sapropel solution (0.449% and 0.678% respectively )were added to their plants soil. Also another alkaloid named 9-benzyloxypyrido [1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one(9.538%) was identified in the sample and Sapropel was sprayed onto its root soil. No alkaloid was found in the blank plant sample. The results showed that humic substances had considerable effects on the effective substances of the plant Semenovia.suffruticosa
Anti-leukemic activity of phosphoproteins from Sesamin via induction of nuclear antigen H731and CLIP-associating protein 2 isoform X25 mediated apoptosis
No full textLeukemia is an uncontrolled proliferation hematopoietic cancer cells that commonly treats with conventional therapies such as chemotherapy. However, many side effects were reported. Alternative medicines have been developed by using natural or herb compounds as therapeutic drug. Sesamin, a class of phytoestrogen isolated from sesame seed displaying potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo.However, the mechanism by which sesamin mediates anticancer effects on leukemic cells are notfully understood. In thisstudy, the effects of sesamin on cell viability, cell apoptosis and expression of phosphoproteins in Molt-4 and NB4 leukemic cell lines were investigated using MTT assay, flow cytometry and immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) phosphoprotein enrichment and LC-MS, respectively. The results showed that sesamin reduced viability and induced apoptosis in leukemic cells. In addition, 79 phosphoproteins were identified from LC-MS within three main clusters including biological regulation, cellular processand metabolic process. Interestingly, nuclear antigen H731 (PDCD4) and CLIP-associating protein 2 isoform X25 (CLASP2) showed increased in sesamin treated cells and associated protein-ligand interaction network with allicin, capsaicin, cucurbitacin B, and rapamycin which are known to activate apoptosis in cancer cells.Then, sesamin could be developed as candidate of alternative leukemia treatment in the future
Cordia macleodii Hook f. Thomson-A potential Medicinal Plant
No full textCordia macleodii Hook. f. & Thoms. belongs to family Boraginaceae, is an endangered medicinal plant, commonly known as “Dahiman” or “Dahipalas”. It is distributed in moist and dry deciduous forests of India such as Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Chotanagpur and is widely used to cure various diseases. These bioactive compounds made this plant as a valuable potent herbal drug. It contains various bioactive compounds including Phenols, Terpenoids, Saponins, Volatile oils, Flavonoids, Glycosides etc. This review presents the pharmacological property, phytochemical constituents, traditional uses and biological activities of the plant and it will be helpful to explore the knowledge about Cordia macleodii