International Journal of Phytomedicine
Not a member yet
664 research outputs found
Sort by
Traditional uses of wild medicinally important plants of Batkhela, kpk, Pakistan
No full textThe present study was carried out in Sangina valley of Batkhela, Malakand District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. The aim of the current work was the documentation of plants utilized by the local inhabitants for different medicinal purposes. Majority of cases utilized same plant species in several ways for distinct remedies. After collecting informations through an open-ended questionnaire, totality of 46 plant species used for different medicinal purposes were recorded in the study area belonging to 31 families. Family Lamiaceae ranked as top by contributing 10.86% to the total documented medicinal plant species in the studied area. Family Euphorbiaceae and family Solanacaea shares individually 8.69% and 6.52% to the total, followed by Family Mimosaceae, Asteraceae, Moraceae and family Polygonaceae each having a contribution of 4.34%. Of total 46 reported plant species, 12 plant species were used as diuretic, 8 species were found good as tonic, 7 plant species were significant in curing of cough and 6 plant species were used for remedy of stomach pain. 5 plant species each were used for curing of fever, diarrhea and dysentery
Antioxidant activity and green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using allium sativum extract
No full textThe green synthesis of nanoparticles has provided cost effective, environment friendly procedure and raising safe strategies for synthesis of non-materials. In this study we investigated the clove of Allium sataivum, which is used for the synthesis of Selenium nanoparticles. The biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-Visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The selenium nanoparticles synthesized by garlic were observed as hollow and spherical particles in size ranging 7-45nm which is found more stable more than two months. The present study also reports the efficiency of ABTS, DPPH and FRAP assay to estimate the antioxidant potential of selenium nanoparticles which synthesized by garlic extract
Prophylactic effect of herbal extracts on LPS-induced inflammatory response in rat hepatocytes
No full textBackground: Liver is participating in the clearance of the infectious agents mainly by Kupffer cells and to a lesser extent by sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of bacteria cell wall, is an endotoxin translocated from the gut; inducing oxidative stress and acute inflammation in hepatocytes. This study aimed to highlight the prophylactic effect of naturally occurring products (B. vulgaris and C. vulgaris) against LPS-induced toxicity. Methods: RT-PCR was performed using RNA extracted from rat hepatocytes as template to determine the gene expression of COX-2, i-NOS and TNF-α. Results: B. and C. vulgaris showed a noticeable improvement in maintaining COX-2, i-NOS and TNF-α at their basal expression level; even under LPS stimulation. However, the efficacy of C. vulgaris was better than B. vulgaris. In conclusion, LPS-induced inflammatory response to rat hepatocytes could be inhibited by B. and C. vulgaris as naturally occurring prophylactics
Composition and Biological Activities of different Date Seed varieties (Phoenix dactylifera) of Oman: Cultivation Zone Influence
No full textDate (Phoenix dactylifera L.) seeds (pits) account for ca. 10% of the date fruit and it is the date pits that present a major problem to the date palm industry in the USA as a waste product. Currently date pits are employed as a food source for animals and poultry, as a soil fertilizer and also as a road base gravel In order to understand the varietal effects of Omani date seeds on the nutritional properties of dates and to explore the use of this waste product from the food industry, twenty two native date seeds (Phoenix dactylifera L.) including the varieties; Qushbu Narenjahn, Fardh, Naghal, Manhi, Qush Balquan, Helali Oman, Khasab, Seedi, Qush Jabrin, Khalas, Qush Basrah, Qushbu Maan, Handal, Khunaizi, Qush Mamoor, Barshi, Barni, Azad, Zabad, Qush Tabak, Qush LuLu, and Halali Alhasa were collected from six regions of the Sultanate of Oman and were examined for their nutritional value, antioxidant and urease properties. Energy values, dry matter, and carbohydrate level were the predominant components examined in the date seeds , followed by fiber, moisture, along with small amounts of ash, protein, and fat. The results of the 22 varieties of date seeds showed a significant energy value of between 283.0 to 407.9 kcal/100g, dry matter of between 93.3%-96.3%, carbohydrate content of between 43.8%-80.6%, moisture in the range of 4.3%-6.6%), fat in the range of 5.0%-10.9%, ash content of between 0.73%-1.08%, protein content of 0.2%-6.9% and fiber content of between 5.0%-32.5%. Furthermore the antioxidant potential ranged between 7.4 - 88.3% depending upon the type of date seeds and location of samples. In this regard the Handal date seeds collected from Al-Hamra showed the highest antioxidant potential with 88.3% inhibition. Similarly urease inhibition ranged from 0.94-70.3% and Qush Tabak date seeds collected from Al-Hamra demonstrated the highest urease potential with 70.3% inhibition. It is noteworthy that Qush Basrah, Seedi, Qush Balquan, and Handal date seeds have significantly higher nutritional attributes compared to the rest in the study group. Moreover Fardh, Khasab, Khalas, and Handal date seeds collected from more than one region of Oman showed variation in some nutritional values. The nutritional analysis further demonstrated the correlation of proximate parameters in different regions of Oman. Results of the current investigation indicate a promising and significant potential for date seeds to be used as a supplementary source of a healthy diet as well as in specific pharmaceutical applications
Metabolic profile and atherogenic indices of rats treated with Tamarindus indica and Mentha piperita juice.
No full textChanges in diet, physical inactivity and stress contribute to obesity, cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Literature shows that bioactive compounds may result in benefits to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the glycemic, lipid profile and atherogenic indices of Wistar rats treated with Mentha piperita and Tamarindus indica juice. Animals received food and water ad libitum and were divided into 3 groups: control group (G1) that received 0.5 mL of water twice daily; Mentha group (G2) treated with 0.5 mL of mint juice and group treated with Tamarindus indica juice (G3), that received 0.5 mL of tamarind juice twice daily for 40 days. Groups G1, G2 and G3 received the drinks by intragastric rout. After this period the animals were sedated with sodium pentobarbital for blood collection and evaluation of the biochemical profile: total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides and glucose. Atherogenic indexes were also calculated. The results showed a reduction of total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglyceride, body weight and atherogenic indices; and increase in the levels of HDL-c. We may suggest that the use of mint and tamarind juice can positively affect the biochemical parameters and reduce the atherogenic indexes of Wistar rats
Phytotherapeutical implications in pain perception - focusing on schizophrenia
No full textSchizophrenia is an extremely complex psychiatric disease where perception of pain is altered, varying from abolition to lack of any kind of changes compared to normal controls and even hypersensitivity. In this way, the hypothesis of amending schizophrenia through pain therapy enhanced the importance of pain medication. But managing pain phenomenon in schizophrenia has large and unknown implications. Nevertheless, pharmacological interactions between the medications for these two entities are unknown and most likely would have a lot of side-effects and therefore ethnopharmacological methods became once again an interesting option. Traditional medicine wisdom was followed in the pursuit of finding connections between ancient knowledge and current scientific proven facts. To our best of knowledge, this is the first time when pain, plants and schizophrenia are discussed together. In this way, it seems that by replacing fully synthesized chemical products, the risk of side-effects decreases. Also, it appears that some plants besides treating pain may have curing effects on the psychotic activities in schizophrenia. Therefore, through this mini-review we emphasized on the advantages of the ethonopharmacological approaches in pain conditions in the context of schizophrenia, but also highlighted some cases of inappropriate usage of plants in traditional therapy
Gmelina arborea: chemical constituents, pharmacological activities and applications
No full textGmelina arborea (G. arborea) is a bio-prospective plant belonging to family verbenaceae. It is widely used for it’s medicinal properties from ancient times. The present paper comprehensively reviewed the traditional uses, medicinal properties and chemical constituents isolated from G. arborea based on literature reported as well as critical analysis of the research. The present article is aimed to provide information on recent advances and new foundations and direction for further exploring G. arborea for its applications. Pharmacological research reviewed that G. arborea possess various medicinal properties and biological activities including antidiuretic, antidiarrhoeal, antipyretic, antianalgesic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, cardiopotective, insecticidal, antiulcer, gastro-protective, anticancer, antihyperlipidemic and immunomodulatory activity. It has been reported for its applications in treatment of bone fracture, hypertension and regeneration of β-cells. The main chemical constituents of G. arborea include lignans, iridoid glycoside, flavonoids, flavons, flavone glycoside and sterols. The present review provides all the references and beneficial directions to explore further application of G. arborea
Anti-diabetic and acute toxicity studies of Annona squamosa L. ethanolic leaves extract.
No full textAim of this research work was to explore the anti-diabetic activity and acute toxicity of Annona squamosa L. leaves ethanolic extract in albino rats and mice respectively. Diabetes was induced by Alloxan (120 mg/kg). Seven rats were taken in each group. Glibenclaimide (0.25 mg/kg) was taken as the standard drug. A. squamosa was administered orally in 100mg, 200mg and 400mg doses in three different groups of diabetes- induced rats. A. squamosa leaves extracts were found to have significant anti-diabetic activity. Acute toxicity study was carried out on administration of 800mg/kg, 1600mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg body weight. No acute toxicity was observed at 800mg/kg and 1600mg/kg doses. At 5000mg/kg body weight dose 100% fatality was recorded within 24 hours. Our research work revealed the safe and effective anti-diabetic activity of Annona squamosa ethanolic leaves extract
Laboratorio de Biotecnología. Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Durango. Becaria COFAA; Sigma 119, Fraccionamiento 20 de Noviembre II, Durango, Dgo., 34220, México
No full textPhytochemical and biological investigations were undertaken on ethanolic extracts of the leaves and root bark of Justica adhatoda L. Alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, steroids and saponins were detected in extracts from both parts of the title plant. Reducing sugars were not detected in either extract whereas flavonoids were detected in ethanolic extract of J. adhatota leaves only. Significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus niger were demonstrated by both the leaf and root bark extracts. Additionally, both extracts displayed good antioxidant and heomolytic potential. Interestingly, eight metal ions were detected in both extracts in different concentrations
Immunomodulatory and antiarthritic activities of Smilax zeylanica
No full textSmilax zeylanica Linn has been traditionally used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but, no scientific data has been published supporting the claimed ethanomedical use. This study was designed to investigate the immunomodulatory and antiarthritic activities of Smilax zeylanica. Methanolic extract of Smilax zeylanica (MESZ) roots was tested for its immunomodulatory activity by NBT reduction test. Antiarthritic activity of the same was tested by in vitro protein denaturation and in vivo complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis. MESZ showed its significant effect on both cell mediated and humoral immunity to suppress stimulated immune responses in NBT reduction test . It also markedly inhibited protein denaturation in in vitro model. Extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed statistically significant inhibition ( p<0.05) of the edema formation in CFA model. Histopathological studies of ankle joints also supported this finding. The presence of steroids in the extract might be responsible for the prominent immunomodulatory and antiarthritic activities of the plant. Hence the present study concluded that Smilax zeylanica holds immunomodulatory and antiarthritic activities