International Journal of Phytomedicine
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Phytochemical and pharmacological Potential of Kair (Capparis Decidua)
Full text linkCapparis decidua (Forsk.) is belonging to family Capparidaceae, yet important medicinal plant of Indian Medicinal Plants. In the traditional system of medicine, the bark has been shown to be useful in the treatment of coughs, asthma and inflammation; roots used in fever and buds in the treatment of boils. In Unani, leaves act as appetizer, helps in cardiac troubles, fruits used in biliousness. The plant is reported to contain Phytochemicals including alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides and some fatty acids. In Unani, leaves act as appetizer, helps in cardiac troubles, used in biliousness; alveolaris and pyorrhea; Root bark is used as anthelmintic and purgative. The plant have significant pharmacological activities like hypercholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, antidiabeti, antimicrobial, antiplaque, antihypertensive, antihelmintic & purgativ activities. The review analyses phytochemical and pharmacological potential of medicinal plant (kair)
Antidiabetic, hypolipidaemic and antioxidant activity of Dodonaea viscosa aerial parts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Full text linkWe evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of Dodonaea viscosa in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The water extract (DVW) and polar fraction of ethanol extract (DVE-4) in a single-dose one-day study showed dose-dependent reduction in glucose levels with maximum effect of 42.16% and 72.9% respectively at 6 h post drug treatment (p<0.001). DVE-4 was more active than DVW and glibenclamide. In a multi-dose fifteen-day study, lower doses of DVW (400 mg/kg) and DVE-4 (200 mg/kg) exhibited higher percentage reduction in glucose levels compared to glibenclamide treated group. Altered levels of lipids, TBARS, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants were restored by DVW (400 mg/kg) and DVE-4 (200 mg/kg) in diabetic rats. In vitro steady state and time resolved studies reveled that DVW and DVE-4 showed comparable antioxidant ability in steady state and kinetic studies suggesting its possible role in observed antidiabetic and hypolipidaemic activities
Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid) from murraya koenigii (rutaceae) leaves
Full text linkMurraya koenigii leaves (Rutaceae) are used traditionally in Indian Ayurvedic system to treat diabetes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid from Murraya koenigii leaves) on blood glucose and serum lipid profiles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (45mg/kg). Mahanimbine (50 and 100mg/kg) were administrated as a single dose per week to the diabetic rats for 30 days. The control group received 0.3% w/v sodium carboxy methyl cellulose for the same duration. Fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profiles were measured in the diabetic and non-diabetic rats. In addition, in vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects of mahanimbine were performed. Results: In the diabetic rats, the elevated fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein levels were reduced and high density lipoprotein level was increased by mahanimbine at a dose of 50 and 100mg/kg (i.p). In addition, mahanimbine showed appreciable alpha amylase inhibitory effect and weak alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects when compared with acarbose. Conclusions: The present study indicated that mahanimbine possess anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic effects. Thus results suggesting mahanimbine has beneficial effect in the management of diabetes associated with abnormal lipid profile and related cardiovascular complications
Hepatoprotective activity of Psidium guajava extract and its phospholipid complex in paracetamol induced hepatic damage in rats
Full text linkPsidium guajava is a well known traditional medicinal plant and is used in various indigenous systems of medicine. The present research work aims at evaluating hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of P. guajava and the phospholipid complex of the extract with phosphatidylcholine against paracetamol induced hepatic damage in albino rats. The hepatoprotective effect was studied on rat liver damage induced by paracetamol by monitoring serum parameters SGOT, SGPT, ALP, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Bilirubin and histopathological alterations. Significant hepatoprotective effects were observed against liver damage induced by paracetamol overdose as evident from decreased serum levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP and bilirubin in the extract treated groups (200, 400 mg/kg) and phospholipid complex (100mg/kg) compared to the intoxicated controls. The hepatoprotective effect was further verified by histopathology of the liver. The phospholipid complex showed better activity than the plain extracts which was almost comparable to standard silymarin. The aqueous extracts of P. guajava and the phospholipid complex exhibited protective effect against paracetamolinduced hepatotoxicity with the complex showing activity better than the plain extract. These results supported the use of this plant for the treatment of hepatitis in oriental traditional medicine
Pharmacognostic and antihyperglycemic study of Coccinia indica
Full text linkA comprehensive herbal drug therapeutic regimen offers time tested safe and effective support to conventional therapy in the management of diabetes. This is combination with adequate dietary management and physical activity would provide an integrated approach to the management of this deadly disease, particularly Type 2 diabetes. Additionally, due to unlimited potential of herbal drugs for innovative bioactive molecules, all efforts should be made to adopt a package of best practices encompassing conservation, cultivation, quality control, standardization and research and development for medicinal plants and herbals. Chronic administration of kundru fruit extracts (200mg/kg)for 14 days reduces the blood glucose level of the diabetes induced animals as compared to diabetic control group. There was significant decrease in the blood glucose level in the 7th[p<0.01] and 14th [p<0.001] days of the diabetes induction, showing antidiabetic effect of the concern fruit. The effect was comparable to that of standard antidiabetic drug Glibenclamide. The hypoglycemic effect of orally administered extracts of leaves and roots of Coccinia indica has been reported earlier but none of the literatures or paper shows the antidiabetic activity of fruit of the above plant as in crude extract while the whole fruit extract shows significant anti diabetic activity
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of different fractions of Boswellia serrata
Full text linkThe study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of different fractions of Boswellia serrata. The effect of different fractions of Boswellia serrata were studied using carrageenan induced paw edema, acetic acid induced writhing response, formalin induced pain, hot plate and tail flick method for studying anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, respectively. The different fractions of B. serrata, essential oil (10 ml/kg), gum (100 mg/kg, resin (100 mg/kg) oleo-resin (100 mg/kg) and oleogum-resin (100 mg/kg) significantly reduces carrageenan induced inflammation in rats and shows analgesic activity, as determined by acetic acid induced writhing response, formalin induced pain, hot plate and tail flick method. The different fractions of B. serrata showed prompt antiinflammatory and analgesic activity due to the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase enzyme
Potent antitumor activity of Rubia cordifolia
Full text linkBackground: Cancer is a leading cause of death. Rubia cordifolia is a traditional ayurvedic medicine being used as a remedy for various ailments. Results: Dichloromethane fraction of Rubia cordifolia extract exhibited potent inhibition of human leukaemia cell line and human histolytic lymphoma cell line while was found to be lesser active against normal human kidney cells displaying safety for normal cells. Conclusion: Rubia cordifolia can be a source of potent pharmacophore for treatment of disease like cancer
Tumor inhibition and Cytotoxicity assay by aqueous extract of onion (Allium cepa) & Garlic (Allium sativum): an in-vitro analysis
Full text linkThe present study was aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of four different varieties of Allium cepa (Onion) & Allium sativum (Garlic) on B16F10 Melanoma cell population by ex-vivo. For cytotoxicity assay, cellular micronucleus, apoptotic assay and cell viability assay were followed. Our results showed significant activity of garlic and onion as cytoprotective agents of normal cells and cytotoxicity agents for tumor cells. A significant decrease in Melanoma B16F10 cell population by crude extract was observed. Therefore, Allium cepa & Allium sativum might be a candidate for naturally healing the tumor
Hypolipidemic activity of Sesbania grandiflora in triton wr-1339 induced hyperlipidemic rats
Full text linkHyperlipidemia is the greatest risk factor of coronary heart disease. Currently available hypolipidemic drugs have been associated with number of side effects. Herbal treatment for hyperlipidemia has no side effects and is relatively cheap and locally available. A literature claims that flavonoids can able to reduce the hyperlipidemia. Based on high flavonoid content in herbal, Sesbania grandiflora (SG) was selected and the present study focus on the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of aqueous extract of leaves of SG against triton induced hyperlipidemia in rats. SG administered a dose of 200µg/kg (p.o) to the triton induced hyperlipidemic rats. SG shows a significant decrease in the levels of serum cholesterol, phospholipid, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and significant increase in the level of serum HDL at the dose of 200µg/kg (p.o) against Triton induced hyperlipidemic in rats. Aqueous extract of leaves of SG was investigated hypolipidemic activity on Triton induced hyperlipidemic profile. Aqueous extract fraction decreased serum level of total cholesterol by 69.72. On the other hand, aqueous extract of SG increased the serum HDL cholesterol level by 24.11. The reduction of LDL cholesterol level by aqueous extract was 30.31
Evaluation of in vitro antihelmintic activity of leaves of Butea monosperma
Full text linkThe preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out on the crude extracts of the leaves of Butea Monosperma Lam along with ash values and extractive values on the powdered drug. The crude extracts were investigated for their anthelmintic activity against earthworms (Pheretima posthuma), roundworms (Ascardia galli.) and tapeworms (Raillietina spiralis). Three concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg/mL) of each extract were studied in activity, which involved the determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worm. Alcohol and ethyl acetate extracts exhibited significant anthelmintic activity at highest concentration of 100 mg/mL. Albendazole in same concentration as those of extracts was included as standard reference and Di-methyl formamide as control. The anthelmintic activity of alcohol and ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Butea Monosperma has therefore been demonstrated for the first time