Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat
Not a member yet
164 research outputs found
Sort by
Paul\u27s and the Position of Women in Worship Service: Study of 1 Timothy 2:8-15
No full textThe dichotomy that is often debated is patriarchal and feminist cultural systems. The centralization of human life is largely directed towards men, both in social and religious circles, thereby encouraging the objectification of women and dominating them. The space for women seems to be closed, this also happens in the Christian sphere, where there are still churches that adhere to a literal interpretation of the Bible. As a result, the reading of 1 Timothy 2:8-15 is misinterpreted. The main aim of this research is to reconstruct and present egalitarianization between women and men based on 1 Timothy 2:8-15, especially in the scope of worship services. It is still found that some churches reject women as priests. This research uses qualitative methods, with a critical historical approach. The results show that the Ephesian women were contaminated with a life of debauchery or a luxurious lifestyle, wanting to appear beyond their capacity. So they tend to ignore Christian values. So, it cannot be a measure to reject the existence of women as ministers of worship (pastor), only the church needs to pay attention to Christian values and foster them in Indonesia context
Integrating the Gap Between Faith Education and Christian Learning in the Indonesian Context with a Christian Worldview
Full text linkIn Indonesia, there is a striking contrast between faith education and Christian learning, which raises major questions regarding integration. Faith education is often associated with worship and character formation in the church, while schools are expected to strengthen Christian values. Understanding Christianity in the concept of worldview is very important, stressing the Christian\u27s responsibility to live in the world, not of the world. This research used qualitative methods, including surveys and thematic analysis, which produced three main findings. First, faith education is usually carried out in religious schools, in line with specific religious doctrines, whereas Christian learning involves systematic exposure to Christian teachings. Second, religious education in Indonesia aims to overcome inter-religious disorders, while Christian education seeks to understand God\u27s will. Research puts forward the concept of a universal worldview as a means of bridging this gap. Three proposed approaches are Teaching for commitment, Teaching for commitment Teaching about commitment, and Teaching from commitment
Pastoral Theology: A Methodological Approach to Analyzing Social Cases
Full text linkReligious life cannot be separated from society. As a religious institution, the church must impact society through concrete action. One of these approaches is through pastoral theology. This research aims to provide a methodological template for academics and churches, in particular, to use pastoral theology to analyze societal problems. This is necessary because some churches are still bound by dogmas that restrict the church’s role to “spiritual” matters rather than matters of concrete social concern. So, churches often distance themselves from the social theory approach in dissecting society\u27s problems. The analytical tool used in this paper is the pastoral cycle method. A pastoral theological approach focuses on cases that have occurred or are currently occurring in society. This paper uses the case of food scarcity, namely cooking oil, which has occurred in Indonesia. The research results show that the social theological approach, which has been shunned by evangelical theology, can be used in dissecting and mapping social cases in society to contribute to the church in determining anticipatory steps and responding with concern to these social problems. Through this research, it can be concluded that the social function of the church as light and salt of the world can be achieved by using pastoral theology. The implications of this research will encourage churches to position themselves as government partners in realizing the achievement of SDG targets on the one hand and the other hand, provide new insight that pastoral theology does not only deal with “spiritual” (i.e., intangible) matters. It can be seen that a Biblical approach can be intertwined with social analysis for the purpose of social welfare
Allusions and Omissions in Augustine’s Confessions
Full text linkThis paper discusses possible biblical allusions and omissions in Augustine’s Confessions, arguing that the themes he presents can be understood with greater nuance if viewed in light of not only the scriptural passages he chooses to support them but also the verses from the immediate context, which he omits. The paper will examine four examples from within the Confessions: the way that in the Confessions but not elsewhere, he only utilizes the second half of James 1:17, eliding the phrase ‘Father of lights,’ his use of the term unam for his concubine, his depiction of his mother Monnica like the apostle Paul, and possible reasons for his elision of portions of the prologue to John. As a result, this paper has offered four possible instances of Augustine omitting, or only allusively referring to, specific scriptures throughout the Confessions: his omission of God as the Father of lights when referencing James 1, his allusion to the una columba of the Canticle of Canticles in describing his concubine, his undertone of Pauline episodes in recounting the tale of Monnica\u27s arrival in Rome, and finally his omission of John the Baptist from It has been suggested that, in each of these cases, a deeper grasp of the parts of the Bible that Augustine has left out can help us comprehend the major arguments that he has made in more depth
God’s Truth: The Foundation of Existence in the Old Testament and Implications for the Church’s Mission
Full text linkThis article talks about the truth of God as the foundation of the existence of Judaism. The article aims to reveal the Jewish understanding of the truth of God that underlies the existence and continuity of Christianity. The study uses a descriptive qualitative method through literary analysis. The primary data for the study are texts from the Old Testament related to the truth of God and their connections in various texts of the New Testament. The selected texts are then analyzed using Dilthey\u27s hermeneutic circle and Gadamer\u27s horizon fusion techniques. The results of the analysis show that the understanding of the truth of God in Judaism is centered on God\u27s faithfulness to the covenant, but due to Israel\u27s acute violation, the concept of truth shifted towards God\u27s never-ending love and faithfulness. This understanding has a dimension of continuity in the New Testament and implications for the mission of the Church. This research helps readers gain an in-depth understanding that enriches evangelical theological research, helping to deepen understanding of God\u27s character, nature, and plan in human salvation history. Through in-depth research, the church can also discover continuity between the Old and New Testaments to better understand how God\u27s message and mission
Paul\u27s Principles of Pastoral Care in Acts 20:17-38 and His Challenges to Pastoral Leaders
No full textThis article aims to analyze the pastoral service practices of Paul that are worthy of being imitated by the local church leaders today by focusing on the content of his farewell speech to the elders of the church in Ephesus based on Luke\u27s record in Acts 20:17-38. The narrative hermeneutic method will analyze each statement related to his service actions. The results of the analysis show the pastoral service practices that are lived, taught, and need to be imitated by church leaders today in Indonesia. The study results show that the Apostle Paul presents the principles of pastoral service that are timeless and relevant to the context of local church service today. The fundamental principles he taught and the challenges pastoral leaders face today are: First, making the most of time. Pastoral leaders in the present era are challenged to maximize every opportunity in their service, especially amid many distractions and demands of the times. Second, he emphasizes the importance of humility in service. Today\u27s leaders must be aware of the danger of arrogance and constantly realize their trustworthy source of strength. Third, Paul not only serves with enthusiasm but also with deep emotion. This challenges today\u27s church leaders to engage emotionally, empathize with the congregation, and feel grief and joy with them. Fourth, he often faces threats and dangers in his service. Church leaders must be ready to face challenges, especially when voicing the truth of the Bible in an increasingly secular cultural context. Fifth, serving with teaching. He emphasizes the importance of correct and profound teaching. In the information age full of false teachings, pastoral leaders are challenged to continue to provide teaching based on the Bible and relevant to their congregation
Grace Unveiled: The Charm of חסד in the Book of Ruth and Its Transformative Message for Christian Life
Full text linkThis article delves into the significance of Hesed, or loyal love, in the Book of Ruth, examining its theological implications for both human-divine relationships and interpersonal connections. It investigates how Hesed is depicted in the narrative of Ruth and Boaz, elucidating its role in worship and daily life. Methodologically, the study involves a close textual analysis of the Book of Ruth, employing a theological lens to interpret God\u27s message of steadfast love. The findings reveal a profound understanding of God\u27s inclusive and universal Hesed, with implications extending into the New Testament through the actions of Jesus Christ. This underscores the significance of God\u27s unwavering love as a guiding principle in our relationships with both God and fellow humans, shaping a life reflective of the values encapsulated in Hesed
The Implications of Nahum 1:12-2:2 for the Case of Religious Discrimination in Indonesia
Full text linkThe book of Nahum is full of the news of God’s judgment upon Nineveh; this book looks gloomy and hopeless, but one will find the theme of restoration as well. This article analyzes Nahum 1:12-2:2 as a basis for addressing the problem of religious discrimination in Indonesia. Using the literature study method, the results from this article are divided into theological and practical implications. Theologically, the text of Nahum 1:12-2:2 provides believers with hope for restoration from the One who brings true restoration: God himself. Practically, this text encourages God\u27s people to remain steadfast and not despair but have hope, for there will come a time when God restores them. In addition, when true restoration occurs, believers should return to God and not continue to indulge themselves in pleasure and self-satisfaction
Does One Secure Their Own Salvation? Analysis on Continue to Work Out Your Salvation
Full text linkThough conceptually different, Sayyed Hosein Nashr and Hans Kung\u27s ideas on salvation share the same theological characteristics, which includes emphasizing the need of teaching kindness in order to achieve salvation. There is an inconsistency between this concept with the Bible. Luther believed that people are justified by faith and that this is the concept of salvation. What about the advice to "continue to work out your salvation" in Philippians 2:12? What type of salvation do believers achieve? Researchers are interested in gaining a comprehensive understanding of Philippians 2:12. The author notes that many members of the congregation lack a full grasp of the concept of salvation. This study aims to thoroughly explore the idea of "continue to work out your salvation" as presented in Philippians 2:12, employing qualitative methods such as textual and literary analysis. First, carry out in-depth text studies and observations on Philippians 2:12-18; secondly, build an exposition framework based on the collected data information. The research findings divide Philippians 2:12-18 into several components: a life of ongoing spiritual renewal (a transformative process encompassing spiritual growth, relational dynamics, and communal aspect) and a life that shines as a light (aligning with Jesus). Salvation is not stagnant but dynamic and demands active, progressive act. Good deeds stem from a proper response to the gifts received
National Political Differences as a Cause of Debate Between the Pharisees and Jesus
Full text linkThe prevailing view of the frequent debates between Jesus and the Pharisees was based on Jesus’ criticism of their hypocrisy and formalism. However, if we look further, the debate was also caused by the contrasts between the national political vision of Jesus and the Pharisees regarding Israel’s National Identity. This research explores that the debate between Jesus and the Pharisees is also caused by the differences between the national vision of Jesus and the Pharisees regarding the national identity of Israel in the 1st Century. This research used hermeneutical methods and library research with nation-state theory. This research proved that the sharp contradictions in the national visions of the Pharisees and Jesus regarding Israel’s national identity were also the cause of their frequent debates. The national political vision of the Pharisees was based on “Imitatio Sanctitatis Dei,” which was interpreted as separation, so it was exclusive. Jesus’ national vision was based on “Imitatio Misericordiae Dei,” which was inclusive. Through this research, it can be concluded that the debate between Jesus and the Pharisees was not only caused by Jesus’ criticism of formalism and hypocrisy but was also caused by contradictions regarding their national political vision of Israel’s national identity